Woodcock ndiye mbalame yokhayo yomwe ili ndi nthenga "wowoneka bwino". Imafanana ndi mphero yaying'ono yopanda masentimita awiri m'litali ndi kumapeto kwenikweni.
Mbalameyi ili ndi nthenga ziwiri zokha mthupi lake, imodzi kuphiko lililonse. "Zokongola" Nthenga za nkhuni ndiwofunika kwambiri kwa anthu omwe amajambula.
Ojambula ojambula akale aku Russia adagwiritsa ntchito kuti amalize zikwapu ndi mizere yabwino kwambiri. Pakadali pano, nthenga izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupenta mabatani a ndudu, mabasiketi ndi zinthu zina zomwe zili ndi mtengo wokwera.
Anthu nthawi zambiri amatchula mbalameyi kuti ndi yothirira mchenga, slug, krekhtun, birch kapena boletus.
Mawonekedwe ndi malo okhala
Woodcock ndi mbalame yayikulu yokhala ndi zolimba, milomo yayitali, yolunjika ndi miyendo yayifupi, yomwe imakutidwa pang'ono ndi nthenga.
Kutalika kwake kwa thupi kumafika masentimita 40, mapiko amafalikira - 70 cm, kulemera - mpaka theka la kilogalamu. Mlomo umakula mpaka 10 cm.
Nthenga za nkhalango yochokera kumwamba ndi yofiirira-bulauni ndi yakuda, imvi, kapena mabala ofiira kawirikawiri. Mthunzi ndiwowonekera pansipa. Wachikasu wotumbululuka umadutsa ndi mikwingwirima yakuda. Mtundu wa miyendo ndi milomo ndi imvi. Ana ndi achikulire mbalame ali pafupifupi yodziwika.
Kukula kwachichepere ndikuda ndipo kumakhala ndi mapiko pamapiko. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, mbalame zam'madzi zimakhalanso ndi mdima wandiweyani nthawi yozizira.
Woodcock ndiye mbuye womaliza wodzibisa. Mutha kukhala patali pang'ono ndi mbalameyi ndikupita nayo masamba a chaka chatha.
Pachithunzicho, nankhuni amabisala pakati pa masamba
Khalidwe lachete komanso utoto woyenera zimapangitsa nthenga kukhala zosaoneka pakati pa tchire ndi mitengo. Maso akuda a nthengawo amakhala otambalala ndipo amasunthira pang'ono kumbuyo kwa mutu. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti mukwaniritse malingaliro osiyanasiyana.
Malo okhala mchenga ndi nkhalango komanso nkhalango za kontinenti ya Eurasian. Pambuyo pa Soviet Union, zisa zamatabwa zimapezeka pafupifupi kulikonse, kupatula Kamchatka ndi madera ena a Sakhalin.
Nthawi zambiri, mbalame yamitengoyi imauluka m'malo otentha m'nyengo yozizira. Ndi okhawo okhala pazilumba za Atlantic Ocean, gombe la Western Europe, Crimea ndi Caucasus amakonda malo okhazikika.
Ndege ya nkhuni nyengo yachisanu imatha kuwonedwa ndikumayambika kwa chisanu choyambirira, pafupifupi mu Okutobala ndi Novembala, kutengera nyengo. Mbalamezi zimakhala nthawi yozizira ku Iran, Afghanistan, Ceylon ndi India. Amasankhanso kumpoto kwa Africa ndi Indochina nyengo yachisanu.
Mbalame zambiri zimabwerera kumalo amene zinabadwira. Mbalame imodzi, gulu laling'ono kapena gulu lonse lanyumba limatha kutenga nawo mbali pandege. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika m'mawa kapena madzulo. Ngati nyengo ili yabwino, mbalame zimauluka mosalekeza usiku wonse. Masana amaima kuti apumule.
Woodcock ndi chinthu chomwe amakonda kwambiri kusaka. Njirayi imasiyanitsidwa ndi chidwi chachikulu komanso chidwi. Mivi imawombera mbalame zouluka, moyang'ana phokoso lomwe amapanga. Nthawi zambiri kusaka nkhuku adapanga chinyengo, kutsanzira liwu la nthenga.
Chinyengo cha Woodcock chimapangidwa ndi dzanja kapena kugula m'masitolo apadera. Zitha kukhala: mphepo, zamagetsi kapena zamakina. Nyambo Woodcock Semolina sivuta. Amphongo amayamba kuwuluka "mwachinyengo" chachikazi ndikugwera m'manja mwa mlenjeyo.
Lamulo lazosaka limapereka zikhalidwe zomwe zimateteza nkhalango. M'malo ena, kuwasaka ndikosaloledwa kapena kuchepetsedwa ndi kutalika kwake, ndipo m'malo ena azimayi okha ndi omwe amatetezedwa.
Mulimonsemo, nkhondo yolimbana ndi opha nyama mosalolera salola kuchuluka kwa mbalameyi kuchepa. Pakuphika, nkhalango amaiona ngati mbalame zoyera kwambiri. Nzosadabwitsa kuti amodzi mwa mayina ake ndi "Mbalame ya Tsar". Mtengo wa mbale za nkhuni ndi wokwera kwambiri.
Khalidwe ndi moyo
Woodcock ndi yekhayekha. Posankha kusungulumwa, amapanga magulu ndi ziweto pokhapokha panthawi yosamukira.
Ndizowona kumva tambala nthawi yokhwima, ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala chete. Ikuwonetsa zochitika usiku, ndipo tsiku limasankhidwa kuti lipumule. Mtengo wa ku Europe imapewa malo okhala ndi masamba ochepa ndipo imakonda nkhalango zowirira zosakanikirana ndi masamba ochepa kuti zikhazikike.
Amakonda malo pafupi ndi matupi amadzi, pomwe pali magombe onyowa ndipo mutha kupeza chakudya mosavuta. Nkhalango zowuma ndi m'mphepete mwa nkhalango zimathandizanso ngati chitetezo chokhazikika cha malo obisalapo kuzoopsa zamtundu uliwonse.
Kuphatikiza pa anthu, mbalame zam'madzi zimakhala ndi adani okwanira. Mbalame zamasana zomwe zimadya nyama sizimupweteketsa, popeza khungwa siligwira ntchito masana, lili m'nkhalango zakutchire padziko lapansi ndipo limakhala ndi utoto womwe umapangitsa kuti lisawoneke.
Kadzidzi ndi kadzidzi ndizowopsa kwambiri ndipo zimatha kugwira mbalame ngakhale pa ntchentche. Fox, marten, badger, weasel, ermine, ferret amawononganso mbalamezi, ndizowopsa kwa akazi omwe amasakaniza mazira ndi anapiye ang'onoang'ono.
Zimbalangondo ndi mimbulu sizimakonda kupeza mbalamezi, koma makoswe ndi mahedgehogs amadya mazira ndi anapiye. Kuphatikiza apo, mbalamezi zimawonongeka kwambiri panthawi yamaulendo achisanu.
Ngati mtunda wa pakati pa chilombocho ndi wa kanyama umakhala wocheperako, mbalameyo imanyamuka mwadzidzidzi. Mitundu yowala pansi pa mapiko imasokoneza mdani pang'ono.
Izi ndizokwanira kuti mbalameyo ibisalire munthambi zamitengo. Maluso owuluka amalola kutembenuka kovuta kwambiri ndi ma pirouettes.
Chakudya cha nkhuni
Mdima utayamba, wopanga mchenga amayamba kugwira ntchito ndikuyamba kufunafuna chakudya, kuchoka pamalo ena kupita kwina. Zikuwoneka kuti mlomo wa mbalameyo ndi wokulirapo, koma mkati mwake mulibe kanthu chifukwa chake ndi chopepuka.
Mitsempha yam'mitsempha yomwe ili pamenepo imakulolani kuti mupeze kayendedwe kakang'ono ka nyamayo, kuwonjezera, mulomo ndi mtundu wa zopalira, zomwe mungapeze chakudya mosavuta. Poziponya m'matope, mbalameyi imapeza nyama, imayitulutsa mwachangu ndikumeza.
Chakudya chomwe amakonda kwambiri ndi nkhwangwa. Tizilombo tosiyanasiyana ndi mphutsi zawo ndizo zomwe zimadya kwambiri mbalameyi.
Ma bivalve am'madzi amchere ndi ma crustaceans ang'onoang'ono atha kukhala othandiza pa chakudya posamuka. Koma chakudya chomera, monga zipatso, mbewu, mizu yazomera zazing'ono ndi udzu, amadyedwa ndi mbalame nthawi zambiri.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo
Ndi kuyamba kwa kasupe, pakadzafika nkhuku yonyamula malo opangira zisa, pali kuthawira usiku, kukwerana kapena, pakati pa anthu wamba, "kulakalaka". Kulakalaka kumayambira dzuwa likamalowa, ndipo kumakwera pang'ono kutacha. Amuna amayenda pang'onopang'ono m'malo omwe angathe kubisalapo mtsogolo, pomwe akazi amawadikirira.
Nthawi zina njira zamphongo zimadutsa kenako nkhondo yeniyeni imayamba. Nkhondoyo imatha kuchitika pansi komanso mlengalenga. Amathamangira ndi kuthamangitsana, kuyesera kugunda wotsutsana naye pakamwa. Komabe, kuvulala koopsa nthawi zambiri sikumachitika ndipo wolandidwa amakakamizidwa kupuma pantchito mwamanyazi.
Kujambulidwa ndi chisa cha nkhuku
Mkazi atafika pamalo opanikizika amayankha kuitana kwamphongo. Nthawi yomweyo amatsikira kwa iye, amayamba kuyenda mozungulira, akutulutsa chifuwa chake, akukweza mchira wake ndikukhala ngati chibwenzi chenicheni.
Banjali limakhala masiku angapo limodzi, kenako nkumasiyana kosatha. Amuna amapitiliza kufunafuna mkazi wina woti amukwatire. Pa nthawi yokhwima, yamphongo imasinthasintha mpaka anayi.
Feteleza nkhuku yachikazi ayamba kumanga chisa. Ntchito yomanga nyumba ndi yosavuta. Ili ndi dzenje lophweka masentimita 15 pansi pa chitsamba kapena nthambi. Zofunda ndi udzu, masamba ndi singano.
Clutch imakhala ndimazira pafupifupi asanu okhala ndi bulauni kapena utoto wotumbululuka wolowetsedwa ndi zotuwa. Mkaziyo ndi amene ali ndi udindo waukulu woswa ana, amene amuletsa kuyamwa nkuchoka kuti apeze chakudya kapena pangozi.
Pakatha pafupifupi masabata atatu, anapiye amabadwa, omwe amakhala okutira achikasu ndimadontho akuda ndi abulauni.
Pachithunzicho pali mwana wankhuku
Mzere wakuda wakutali umayambira pamlomo mpaka kumchira. Anawo akangouma, amayamba kuthamanga pafupi ndi nyumbayo. Amayi amawasamalira kwambiri ndipo amawachedwetsa pang'onopang'ono kuti azipeza okha chakudya. Mukakumana ndi mdani, mbalame yachikaziyo imanamizira kuti ikudwala ndikuyesera kutetezera mdaniyo kwa ana.
Ngakhale atetezedwa bwanji, theka la anapiye okha ndi omwe amakhala ndi moyo mpaka atakula. Pambuyo masiku 21, mbalame zazing'ono zikuuluka bwino ndipo pang'onopang'ono zimayamba kudziyimira pawokha. Posakhalitsa ntchito za amayi zimakhala zosafunikira ndipo anawo amatha.
Nthawi ya moyo wa nkhono itha kufikira zaka khumi. Kusunga sandpiper mu ukapolo ndizovuta kwambiri chifukwa cha zovuta zake. Kupatula apo, ayenera kudya pafupifupi 200 g wa zomanga thupi, zomwe ndizolemetsa, kuwonjezera apo, nthenga imakhala yovuta kuzika. Gulani nkhuni zovuta kwambiri.
