Anthu omwe sanawonepo mbewa yayikulu kuposa mbewa m'miyoyo yawo adzadabwa komanso kudabwa kuwona capybara. Kunja, nyamayi ndi yofanana kwambiri ndi nthanga yaing'onong'ono. Koma kukula kwake kumapitilira kukula kwa nkhumba kangapo.
Ndi capybara kutalika kwa mita 1.2, kulemera kwake kumafika 60-70 kg. Pakadali pano ndi mbewa yayikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Ngakhale akatswiri ofufuza zakale anena molimba mtima kuti nthawi zamakedzana panali makolo awa a capybaras omwe amalowa mosavuta pankhondo ndi zimbalangondo ndikuzigonjetsa.
Capybaras ndi am'banja la capybara. Amakhala amchere komanso amadzimadzi. Capybara ali ndi malaya ofiira ofiira kapena otuwa. M'mimba, malaya ndi achikaso komanso opepuka. Thupi la nyama ndilolemera komanso lopangidwa ndi mbiya, lokhala ndi kolala lomwe kulibe ndikudutsa tibia ndi tibia.
Nyama ili ndi mchira, koma nthawi zambiri samaoneka. Kuganizira chithunzi cha capybara mutha kuwona mutu wake wozungulira wokhala ndi mphuno yayifupi komanso yayitali komanso masaya otambalala. Makutu a nyamayo ndi ang'ono komanso ozungulira, ndipo mphuno zake zimawoneka bwino komanso zimasiyana.
Chomwe chimasiyanitsa ma capybaras achimuna ndi kupezeka pakamwa pa khungu ndi tiziwalo tambiri tokometsera. Koma kusiyana kumeneku kumawonekera makamaka munthawi yotha msinkhu. Makoswe ali ndi mano makumi awiri.
Miyendo yakumbuyo ya nyama ndiyotalikirapo kuposa yakutsogolo, chifukwa cha izi zikuwoneka ngati aliyense kuti capybara nthawi zonse amafuna kukhala pansi. Chiwerengero cha zala ndizosiyana. Kutsogolo kuli anayi, kumbuyo - atatu. Chala chilichonse cha mbewa chimathera ndi zikhadabo zopanda pake, zomwe zimaoneka ngati ziboda. Kuluka pakati pa zala zake kumapangitsa nyama kusambira bwino.
Makhalidwe ndi malo okhala capybaras
Capybara chinyamayomwe imakonda nyengo yamvula. Nyengo yotentha ya Central ndi South America, Colombia, Argentina, Brazil, Venezuela imakopa mbewa izi. Kuti atonthozedwe komanso kukhala moyo wabwinobwino, amafunika magombe kapena madambo. Amatha kuchoka pamadzi chifukwa cha zochitika zina, koma osapitilira kilomita.
Nyama zimakonda kwambiri kutentha kwa madzi ndi mpweya. Khalidwe lawo limakhudzidwa kwambiri ndikusintha kwakanthawi kwamadzi. Nthawi yakugwa mvula yambiri komanso madzi akumwa, ma capybaras amabalalika kudera lonselo. M'nthawi yachilala, nyama zimachulukana pafupi ndi mitsinje ndi matupi amadzi.
Malo osungira makoswe amathandiza makoswe kuti azingokhala moyo wawo wamba, komanso amawapulumutsa ku cougars, jaguar ndi nyama zina zolusa zomwe sizingakwere m'madzi pambuyo pawo. Ndipo ngakhale atakwera, mbewa amasambira mothamanga modabwitsa, ngakhale ndi yayikulu kwambiri.
Capybara kugula ndizotheka kuchokera kwa anthu omwe akuchita nawo mwachindunji kuswana kwawo. Masiku ano, nyama zamtundu uliwonse zakunja ndizovala, ndipo mbewa iyi ndi imodzi mwazo. Kunyumba capybara ali ndi chikhalidwe chofewa, wodekha komanso wokhulupirira, amasintha mosavuta, onse ndi anthu komanso ndi ziweto zonse. Amadzipereka bwino ku maphunziro.
Ambiri mwa iwo adatenga malo awo olemekezeka mu masewera ndipo amasangalatsa omvera. Mtengo wa Capybara wamtali, koma aliyense amene adzaugule sadzadandaula. Capybara kunyumba atha kukhala bwenzi lokhulupirika ngati galu kapena mphaka. Sakusowa chisamaliro chapadera, chifukwa chake, oyandikana ndi cholengedwa chachilendo ndichisangalalo komanso chisangalalo.
M'nthawi zakale, pomwe magombe a South America anali kungofufuzidwa, makoswewa amaphedwa ndi alenje, amakonda nyama yanyama. Panalibe moyo wodekha kwa iwo mwina kuchokera kwa alimi. Pokhapokha zitadziwika kuti sizikuvulaza ulimi, ndipo zimangodya ndere zokha, koma osati mbewu zaulimi, zidakhala zosavuta kuti mbewa zizikhala ndi moyo.
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa capybara
Makanda capybara m'chinenero cha Amwenye, ndi "mbuye wa zitsamba." Malo awo amagawika gulu lililonse. Makoswe amayang'anira ndi kuteteza dera lawo. Pamtengopo nyama zimakhala, kudya ndi kupumula.
Amalemba malire a madera ndi zinsinsi zawo zonunkhira, zomwe zili pamutu. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala mikangano pakati pa amuna, zomwe zimayambitsa ndewu. Mwamuna yemwe amalamulira gululo nthawi zonse amayesetsa kuwonetsa kupambana kwake kuposa ena.
Amuna omwe sali olimba kwambiri amayenera kupirira nkhanza zonsezi, apo ayi alibe mwayi wokhala wopanda gulu lawo. Zochita zamtundu zimachitika makamaka madzulo. Masana, makoswe amathera nthawi yochuluka m'madzi kuti asatenthe thupi.
Chikhalidwe cha makoswewa ndichosokonekera. Ichi ndi nyama yaulesi kwambiri. Ndiwulesi kwambiri kuti angadzimangireko nyumba ina, amangogona pa nthaka yonyowa, ndipo nthawi zina amatha kukumba kadzenje kakang'ono kuti akhale kosavuta.
Gulu lawo nthawi zambiri limakhala ndi anthu 10-20, koma nthawi yowuma imasonkhanitsa zochulukirapo. Capybara capybara ikamayankhulana pakati pa abale ake, imamveka kulira kwa malikhweru, ikudina phokoso ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale kukuwa, nthawi zambiri pakawonekera ngozi.
Chakudya
Capybaras amakonda zomera zokhala ndi mapuloteni. Ndi mano awo akuthwa, akuwoneka kuti akudula udzu. Chakudya chomwe amakonda kwambiri ma capybaras ndi njere, zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, mavwende ndi nzimbe. Ndi kusowa kwa ndere, makoswe amatha kudya makungwa a mitengo.
Nthawi zina samanyansitsa zitosi zawo, chakudya chotere chimangosama mosavuta. M'malo osungira nyama, zakudya zawo zimakhala zosiyana. Kumeneko amapatsidwa ma granules apadera a makoswe ndi ma vitamini osiyanasiyana.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo
Pangani capybaras zazikulu chaka chonse. Makoswe amakumana nthawi zambiri m'madzi. Kutalika kwa mating kugwa nthawi yamvula. Mimba ya mkazi imakhala pafupifupi masiku 150.
Ana amabadwa pakati pa thambo padziko lapansi, opanda pogona. Nthawi zambiri mkazi amabala ana awiri kapena asanu ndi atatu. Maso awo amakhala otseguka kale pobadwa, ali ndi tsitsi ndipo mano awo adulidwa kale.
Ana awa sangatchedwe opanda thandizo. Pafupifupi, mwana wakhanda amalemera 1.5 kg. Mayi wachikondi amakhala moyo wake wonse polera ndi kusamalira ana. Izi zimachitika kuti amasamalira ana a anthu ena pagulu lawo, chibadwa chawo cha amayi chimakula kwambiri. Ndi chisamaliro cha ana, amayi awo amaphunzitsidwa kuti azolowere moyo nthawi yomweyo.
Ana amatsata amayi awo kulikonse komanso kulikonse, amaphunzira kudya mitundu yosiyana siyana. Ana a makoswewa amadya mkaka osapitirira miyezi inayi. Kwenikweni, mkazi amakhala ndi zinyalala imodzi pachaka.
Koma pansi pazifukwa zabwino, kuchuluka kwawo kumatha kuwirikiza kawiri, kapena kupitilira katatu. Kukula msinkhu mu capybaras kumachitika miyezi 16-18. Mwachilengedwe, ma capybaras amakhala zaka 9-10, kunyumba moyo wawo ukhoza kukhala zaka zingapo.
