Khoswe wam'madzi waku Africa anafalikira
Makoswe a ku Africa amagawidwa makamaka kumwera kwa Sahara ku Africa, ngakhale kulinso ku Arabia, komwe adayambitsidwa ndi anthu. Mtundu wamtunduwu umakhala m'masamba a Africa.
Malo okhalamo amayambira ku Senegal kudzera ku Sahel kupita ku Sudan ndi Ethiopia, kuchokera pano kudutsa m'mapiri akumwera mpaka ku Uganda ndi Central Kenya. Kukhalapo pakati pa Tanzania ndi Zambia sikutsimikizika. Mitunduyi imapezeka m'mphepete mwa mtsinje wa Nile, komwe imagawidwa pang'ono pokha. Kuphatikiza apo, mbewa za udzu zaku Africa zimakhala kumapiri osachepera atatu akutali a Sahara.
Ku Ethiopia, sikukwera pamwamba pa 1600 m pamwamba pamadzi. Komanso amakhala ku Burkina Faso, Burundi, Central African Republic. Kubweretsa ku Chad, Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Egypt, Eritrea, Sierra Leone, Yemen. Komanso Gambia, Ghana, Malawi, Mauritania, Niger ndikupitiliza Nigeria.
Malo okhala makoswe a ku Africa
Makoswe a ku Africa amagawidwa m'malo odyetserako udzu, m'mapululu komanso m'madera akumidzi. Nthawi zambiri zimawonedwa pafupi ndi midzi ndi malo ena osinthidwa ndi anthu.
Makoswe a ku Africa amapanga maenje amakoloni, chifukwa chake ali ndi zofunikira pakapangidwe ka nthaka.
Kuphatikiza apo, makoswe amakonza malo okhala pansi pa tchire, mitengo, miyala kapena milu ya chiswe, momwe amakhalanso ndi chisa. Malo okhalamo osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo nkhalango zowuma, zipululu, madera akum'mphepete mwa nyanja, nkhalango, udzu, ndi nkhalango zimapereka mwayi wabwino wotetezera makoswe. Makoswe a ku Africa sapezeka kumtunda.
Zizindikiro zakunja za khoswe wa ku Africa
Khoswe wam'mudzi wa ku Africa ndi mbewa yotalikirapo yomwe imakhala ndi kutalika kwa thupi pafupifupi masentimita 10.6 - 20.4. Mchira wake ndi 100 mm. Kulemera kwapakati pa mbewa za udzu mu Africa ndi magalamu 118, ndimagalamu 50 mpaka 183 magalamu. Amuna ndi okulirapo pang'ono kuposa akazi.
Mawonekedwe a mutuwo ndi ozungulira, ma auricles ndiwozungulira. Ubweyawo ndi waufupi ndi tsitsi labwino. Ma incisors siilime-ndi-poyambira. Chosompsacho ndi chachifupi, ndipo mchira umaphimbidwa ndi tsitsi laling'ono, lowoneka pang'ono. Kumbuyo kwa phazi kumapangidwa bwino. Pamiyendo yakumbuyo, zala zitatu zamkati ndizitali kuyerekeza ndi zakunja. Kutsogolo kumakhala kochepa, ndi chala chachifupi koma chofewa.
Kusiyanasiyana kwamitundu ya malaya mu mtundu uwu sikudziwika.
Ubweya kumbuyo kwake umakhala ndi tsitsi lopindika lomwe limakhala lakuda kapena lofiirira m'munsi, lachikasu lowala, lofiirira kapena lofiirira pakati, ndi lakuda kumapeto kwake. Chovalachi ndi chachifupi, tsitsi loyang'anira ndi lakuda, komanso limakhala ndi utoto.Tsitsi lakuthupi ndilofupikitsa komanso lopepuka.
Kuswana makoswe a ku Africa
Gulu la makoswe a ku Africa nthawi zambiri limakhala ndi amuna ndi akazi ofanana, pomwe akazi nthawi zambiri amaposa amuna. Amuna nthawi zambiri amasamukira kumadera ena, pomwe atsikana achichepere amakhala m'malo okhazikika.
Makoswe a ku Africa amatha kuswana chaka chonse zinthu zili bwino. Komabe, nyengo yoswana kwambiri imayamba koyambirira kwa Marichi ndipo imatha mpaka Okutobala.
Makoswe achichepere aku Africa amakhala odziyimira pawokha pakatha milungu itatu yakubadwa, ndipo amapatsa ana pakatha miyezi 3-4. Amuna achimuna amachoka kumudzi akafika miyezi 9-11.
Akazi amateteza ana awo ndikudyetsa ana pafupifupi masiku 21. Amuna amakhala pafupi panthawiyi ndipo satenga nawo gawo pakulera, amatha kudziluma ana awo, omwe nthawi zambiri amawoneka muukapolo wa makoswe. Ali mu ukapolo, makoswe a ku Africa amakhala zaka 1-2, khoswe mmodzi adakhala zaka 6.
Makhalidwe a makoswe a ku Africa
Makoswe a ku Africa ndi makoswe ocheperako omwe amakhala mobisa mobisa. Ma burrows awa ali ndi zolowera zingapo ndipo amafikira kuya pafupifupi 20 masentimita. Amapezeka pansi pamitengo, zitsamba, miyala, miyala ya chiswe, ndi malo aliwonse omwe angafikiridwepo. Makoswe "amasewera" ndipo amalumikizana limodzi, osakhala azaka kapena kusiyanasiyana kwamakhalidwe.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zochititsa chidwi kwambiri m'moyo wamakholoni ndikupanga ndi kukonza "kansalu", kutsogolo kwa kutuluka m'mabowo, amitundu ndi kutalika. Makoswe a udzu aku Africa mderali amachotsa zitsamba zonse zopinga herbaceous ndi zopinga zing'onozing'ono kuti zitha kulowa mosavuta mu mzere waulere mumitsinje nthawi yadzinja. Chiwerengero cha njira zomwe zimachoka pamtsinje ndi kuchuluka kwa udzu wochepetsedwa zimadalira mtunda wogona.
M'nyengo yamvula, makoswe a udzu mu Africa samapanga mikwingwirima yatsopano ndipo samasiya kuyendanso m'njira zakale. Nthawi yomweyo, amapeza chakudya pafupi ndi bowo la atsamunda. Ntchito yayikulu ya mikwingwirima ndikutulutsa msanga kwa adani kuti abise. Atapeza mdani, makoswe omwe ali ndi mantha amabisala munjira yapafupi yolowera kumabowo.
Makoswe a ku Africa ndi masana, usiku kapena mitundu ina yamagulu.
Mwamuna m'modzi amafunika kuchokera pagawo lalikulu la 1400 mpaka 2750 mita kuti akhale malo abwino, mkazi - kuchokera 600 mpaka 950 mita lalikulu munthawi youma ndi yamvula.
Zakudya zamakoswe zaku Africa
Makoswe amu Africa makamaka amadyetsa udzu. Amadyetsa udzu, masamba ndi zimayambira za maluwa, amadya mbewu, mtedza, makungwa amitundu ina, mbewu. Nthawi zina muziwonjezera chakudya pamatenda osiyanasiyana.
Udindo wamphongo wa udzu waku Africa
Makoswe a ku Africa ndiwo chakudya chachikulu cha nyama zina zaku Africa. Tizilomboti timapikisana ndi mbewa zina zaku Africa, makamaka ma gerbils, motero zimakhudza kwambiri mitundu yazomera. Komabe, amadyetsa mitundu ina yaudzu, zomwe zimachepetsa mpikisano wazakudya pakati pa makoswe ndi osatulutsa.
Makoswe a ku Africa akuti amapatsira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda angapo:
- mliri wa bubonic ku Egypt,
- matumbo schistosomiasis,
- Tizilombo ta mpunga wachikasu.
Popeza kuberekana kwawo mwachangu, zochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku komanso kukula kwakuchepa kwa thupi, makoswe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakufufuza zasayansi zamankhwala, physiology, etymology ndi zina zofananira.
Kuteteza makoswe a ku Africa
Makoswe a ku Africa si mitundu yoopsa. Palibe chidziwitso pamtundu wamtundu uwu pa Mndandanda Wofiira wa IUCN. Khoswe wa ku Africa amagawidwa kwambiri, amasintha kusintha kwa malo okhala, mwina ali ndi anthu ambiri, chifukwa chake kuchuluka kwa makoswe sikuyenera kutsika msanga kuti akwaniritse gulu la mitundu yosawerengeka.
