Mbali ndi malo okhala ndi lemming
Zilonda - awa ndi makoswe omwe ali m'banja la hamster. Amafanana ndi hamster kunja - thupi lolimba, lolemera 70 g, mpaka 15 cm kutalika, likufanana ndi mpira, chifukwa mchira, mawoko ndi makutu ndizochepa kwambiri ndipo zimayikidwa mu ubweya. Chovalacho ndi chamitundu yosiyanasiyana kapena chofiirira.
Khalani mandimu mumtengo ndi nkhalango za kumpoto kwa America, Eurasia, komanso pazilumba za m'nyanja ya Arctic. Ku Russia lemming amakhala pa Kola Peninsula, Far East ndi Chukotka. Malo okhalamo nyama awa ayenera kukhala ochuluka moss (chakudya chachikulu cha lemming) ndikuwoneka bwino.
Hamster yapaderayi ili ndi chidwi. Pofika nyengo yozizira, zikhadabo za zipatso zina zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe osazolowereka, omwe amafanana ndi timapiko ting'onoting'ono kapena ziboda. Kapangidwe kake ka zikhadazo kamalola kuti mbewa zizikhala bwino pamwamba pa chipale chofewa, osagwa, ndipo ngakhale ndimakhola oterewa ndibwino kuthyola chipale chofewa.
Malaya ena a mandimu amakhala opepuka nthawi yozizira, kuti asayime kwambiri pachisanu. Lemming imakhala mumtambo womwe imadzikumbira yokha. Ma burrows amaimira maukonde athunthu amitundu yovuta kumvetsetsa. Mitundu ina ya chinyama ichi sichichita kukumba maenje, imangokonza chisa pansi kapena kupeza malo oyenera nyumba yawo.
Kanyama kameneka kali ndi chinthu chomvetsa chisoni komanso chosamveka. Chiwerengero cha ndimu chikakula kwambiri, nyamazo, poyamba zimangokhala, kenako, ndikuphatikizana ndi matupi amoyo, zimasunthira mbali imodzi - kumwera.
Ndipo palibe chomwe chingawaletse. Chiwombankhanga chamoyo chimadutsa midzi, zigwa, mapiri, mitsinje ndi mitsinje, nyama zimadyedwa ndi nyama, zimafa chifukwa chosowa chakudya, koma zimakanirira kunyanja.
Atafika kunyanja, amadziponya m'madzi ndikusambira malinga ngati ali ndi mphamvu zokwanira, mpaka atamwalira. Zomwe zimakankhira nyama zazing'ono kuti zizipha, asayansi sangayankhe. Izi ndizowona makamaka pamalamulo aku Norway.
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa lemming
Mnzake wa kanyama kameneka alibe ntchito. Lemmings mwachilengedwe amapatsidwa mawonekedwe amkangano. Sakulandiranso kupezeka kwa abale awo pafupi nawo ndipo nthawi zambiri amakonza ndewu.
Lemming amakonda kukhala ndi moyo yekha. Maganizo a makolo sanakulitse kwambiri mwa iye. Amuna atangokwaniritsa ntchito yopatulika ya kubereka amapita kukafunafuna chakudya, kusiya akazi ndi ana.
Amakhala achiwawa kwambiri pakuwonekera kwa munthu. Akakumana, nyama iyi imadumphira munthu, ikuimba mluzu moopseza, imadzuka ndi miyendo yake yakumbuyo, ikhala mwamphamvu pabulu lake lomata, lobiriwira ndikuyamba kuopseza, ndikupukusa miyendo yakutsogolo.
Amatha kugwira dzanja lotambasulidwa la "mlendo" wokhumudwitsa kwambiri ndi mano awo, mwanjira ina, amawonetsa kutsutsana kwawo m'njira iliyonse. Ndipo komabe, amalephera kuopseza nyama yayikulu yomwe kulira kwake ndi chidule. Chifukwa chake, chitetezo chodalirika cha crumb iyi, ndiye mink yake kapena chipale chofewa.
Mitundu ina ya ndimu (mwachitsanzo, nkhalango zotchingira nkhalango) sizimakonda kuyandikira kwa aliyense. Ngakhale amasiya magawo awo kangapo patsiku, awone, ndipo koposa pamenepo, agwire lemming pachithunzichi zovuta kwambiri. Nyama imeneyi imasamala kwambiri ndipo imatuluka madzulo kokha kapena usiku.
Malondag ali ndi mitundu ingapo yamitundumitundu ndipo pakati pawo mitunduyi imasiyana mosiyanasiyana ndipo, chifukwa chake, amakhala ndi zakudya zosiyanasiyana komanso moyo wawo. Forest, Norway, Amur, ziboda ndi lemming wachiseriya, komanso Vemogradov's lemming. Nthawi yotentha komanso nthawi yozizira, nyama zimakhala moyo wokangalika; sizibisalira nthawi yozizira.
Chakudya chamadzimadzi
Lemamm amadya zakudya zamasamba. Komwe nyama imeneyi imakhala, chakudya chake chimadaliranso. Mwachitsanzo, nkhalango zokometsera zipatso zimakonda makamaka utoto, koma mbewa yaku Norway imawonjezera tirigu, lingonberries ndi mabulosi abulu pamndandanda wake. Lemamm wokhotakhota amakonda birch kapena msondodzi amawombera kwambiri.
Ndipo komabe, ku funso "amadya chiyani lemming", Mutha kuyankha m'mawu amodzi:" moss ". Ndizosangalatsa kudziwa kuti chakudya chophimbidwa ndi ziboda ndi Vinogradov chakugulitsa chakudya chogwiritsa ntchito mtsogolo. Asuweni awo osapeza ndalama zambiri amayenera kupanga magawo ambiri pansi pa chipale chofewa kuti akafike kukadutsa m'nyengo yozizira.
Ndipo chinyama chimadya kwambiri. Polemera 70 g, hamster iyi imadya chakudya kawiri kulemera kwake patsiku. Ngati tiwerengera, ndiye kuti iposa 50 kg pachaka. Lemming savomereza chakudya mulimonse, koma mosamalitsa malinga ndi boma.
Amadya ola limodzi, kenako amagona maola awiri, kenako - amadya ola limodzi, amagona kwa maola awiri. Pakati pa njira zofunika izi, njira yopezera chakudya, kuyenda ndikupitilira moyo sikokwanira.
Nthawi zina chakudya chimakhala chokwanira, kenako chinyama chimadya ngakhale chakupha, ndipo ngati sizingapezeke, ndimuyo imazunza nyama zing'onozing'ono, kapena nyama zazikulu kuposa kukula kwake. Zowona, nthawi zambiri, ndikusowa chakudya, nyama zimakakamizidwa kusamuka ndikufufuza malo atsopano.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa nthawi yayitali
Nthawi yamoyo wa mbewa iyi ndi yayifupi, amakhala lemming ali ndi zaka 1-2 zokha, motero chinyama chimayenera kukhala ndi nthawi yosiya ana. Pachifukwa ichi, ziphuphu zimayamba msinkhu msanga.
Pakadutsa miyezi iwiri kuchokera pakubadwa, kubereka kwazimayi kumatha kubala okha. Mwamuna amatha kupitiliza mtunduwo kuyambira milungu isanu ndi umodzi. Nthawi zambiri kuchuluka kwa zinyalala zawo pachaka kumafika kasanu ndi kamodzi. Nthawi zambiri mumakhala tiana 6 m'ngalulu imodzi.
Mimba imatenga masiku 20-22. Komabe, panthawiyi champhongo sichikhala mchisa, amapita kukafunafuna chakudya, ndipo chachikazi chimachita nawo kubereka ndi "kulera" ana.
Nthawi imodzi yoswana pa Kulima nyama kulibe. Amatha kuswana ngakhale nthawi yozizira, mu chisanu choopsa. Pachifukwa ichi, chisa chimapangidwa pansi pa chisanu, chokhala ndi udzu wouma ndi masamba, ndipo ana amabadwira kale kumeneko.
Pali nthawi yomwe pamakhala nyama zambiri, ndiye kuti pali kuchuluka kwa akadzidzi ndi nkhandwe, chifukwa mandimu amakhala chakudya cha nyama zambiri. Kumbuyo kulima nkhandwe, mimbulu kusaka, nkhandwe zazikulu, ermines, weasels ngakhalenso nswala. Ndikulimba kwambiri komwe kumasunga kuchuluka kwa lemming.
Izi zimachitika kuti mitundu ina ya nyama imatha kuswana mokwanira ndimu zikabereka zochepa komanso chakudya chimasowa. Mwachitsanzo, kadzidzi yemwe amakhala ndi chipale chofewa samayikira mazira, ndipo ankhandwe aku Arctic amakakamizidwa kuti asamukire kwina kukafunafuna chakudya. Komabe, muyenera kudziwa kuti mandimu samangokhala gawo labwino la chakudya cha nyama zina, amakhalanso onyamula matenda osiyanasiyana.
