Golide pheasant, yomwe nthawi zina imatchedwa pheasant yaku China, ndi imodzi mwa mbalame zokongola kwambiri padziko lapansi. Amadziwika ndi alimi a nkhuku chifukwa cha nthenga zake zonyezimira. Pheasant uyu amapezeka mwachilengedwe m'nkhalango komanso mapiri kumadzulo kwa China. Mitengo yagolide ndi mbalame zapadziko lapansi. Amadya pansi, koma amatha kuwuluka mtunda waufupi.
Chiyambi cha mitundu ndi kufotokozera
Chithunzi: Golden Pheasant
Golide pheasant ndi mbalame yamasewera yolimba yomwe ndi ya nkhuku ndipo ndi yaying'ono ya pheasant. Dzina lachilatini la pheasant wagolide ndi Chrysolophus pictus. Ndi mtundu umodzi chabe mwa mitundu 175 ya pheasants. Dzinali limadziwika kuti Chinese pheasant, pheasant wagolide kapena pheasant wa ojambula, ndipo ali mu ukapolo amatchedwa red pheasant.
Poyambirira, pheasant wagolide anali m'gulu la mtundu wa pheasant, womwe umadziwika ndi dzina loti Phasis, Mtsinje wa Colchis, Georgia wamakono, komwe ankakhalira otchuka. Mtundu wapano wama collared pheasants (Chrysolophus) umachokera ku mawu awiri achi Greek "khrusos" - golide ndi "lophos" - chisa, kuti afotokozere molondola chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe mbalameyi imachita ndi mitundu yochokera ku mawu achi Latin akuti "pictus" - yojambulidwa.
Kanema: Golden Pheasant
Kumtchire, magawo awiri mwa atatu amtundu wa golide sakhala ndi moyo milungu 6 kapena 10. 2-3% yokha ndi yomwe ingapange zaka zitatu. Kutchire, kutalika kwa moyo wawo kumatha kukhala zaka 5 kapena 6. Amakhala nthawi yayitali mu ukapolo, ndipo mosamala, zaka 15 ndizofala ndipo zaka 20 sizimveka. Ku China kwawo, pheasant wagolide adasungidwa kuyambira zaka za m'ma 1700. Kutchulidwa koyamba kwa iwo ali mu ukapolo ku America kunali mu 1740, ndipo malinga ndi zomwe zinalembedwa, George Washington anali ndi mitundu ingapo yamapeni agolide ku Mount Vernon. M'zaka za m'ma 1990, obereketsa ku Belgium adakweza mizere itatu yoyera ya pheasant. Mmodzi wa iwo ndi pheasant wachikasu wagolide.
Chosangalatsa: Nthano imanena kuti panthawi yofunafuna ubweya wagolide, ma Argonauts adabweretsa zina mwa mbalame zagolide ku Europe cha m'ma 1000 BC.
Akatswiri ofufuza zinyama a m'munda awona kuti nsombazi za golide sizimasintha ngati zitha kukhala padzuwa kwanthawi yayitali. Nkhalango zomwe amakhala mumthunzi zimateteza mitundu yawo yowoneka bwino.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Kodi pheasant wagolide amawoneka bwanji
Golide pheasant ndi wocheperako kuposa pheasant, ngakhale mchira wake ndi wautali kwambiri. Male and a pheasants agolide amaoneka mosiyana. Amuna ndi masentimita 90-105 kutalika ndipo mchira ndi magawo awiri mwa atatu a kutalika konse. Akazi ndi ocheperako pang'ono, masentimita 60-80 kutalika, ndipo mchira ndi theka la utali wonse. Mapiko awo ndi pafupifupi masentimita 70 ndipo amalemera pafupifupi magalamu 630.
Ma pheasants agolide ndi amodzi mwamitundu yotchuka kwambiri yamatsamba onse ogwidwa chifukwa cha nthenga zawo zokongola komanso chikhalidwe chawo cholimba. Male pheasants achimuna amadziwika mosavuta ndi mitundu yawo yowala. Ali ndi chisa chagolide chokhala ndi nsonga yofiira kuyambira mutu mpaka khosi. Amakhala ndi magawo ofiira ofiira mkati, mapiko akuda ndi mchira wonyezimira wotalika. Matako awo alinso agolide, kumbuyo kwawo kuli kobiriwira, ndipo maso awo ndi achikaso chowala ndi mwana wakuda wakuda. Nkhope zawo, mmero ndi chibwano zimakhala zonyezimira ndipo khungu lawo ndi lachikasu. Mlomo ndi miyendo ndiyonso yachikasu.
Chosangalatsa: Male pheasants achimuna amakopa chidwi chonse ndi mutu wawo wowala wagolide ndi kupindika kofiira ndi mabere ofiira owala.
Akazi a pheasants agolide ndi ocheperako komanso osangalatsa kuposa amuna. Amakhala ndi nthenga zofiirira, nkhope yakuda, kukhosi, chifuwa ndi mbali, mapazi achikasu otumbululuka, komanso mawonekedwe owonda. Akazi a pheasant wagolide amakhala ndi nthenga zofiirira zambiri ndi mikwingwirima yakuda, kuwapangitsa kukhala osawoneka akamaswa mazira. Mtundu wa Belly umatha kusiyanasiyana mbalame ndi mbalame. Achinyamata amafanana ndi akazi, koma ali ndi mchira wamawangamawanga womwe uli ndi mawanga angapo ofiira.
Chifukwa chake, mawonekedwe akulu a pheasant wagolide ndi awa:
- "Cape" - bulauni wokhala ndi m'mbali mwakuda, zomwe zimapatsa mbalame mawonekedwe amizeremizere;
- chapamwamba kumbuyo ndikobiriwira;
- mapikowo ndi abulawuni yakuda komanso yabuluu kwambiri, ndipo mulomo ndi wagolide;
- mchira wajambulidwa mu bulauni wakuda;
- maso ndi zikhasu ndi otumbululuka chikasu.
Kodi pheasant wagolide amakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Golden pheasant ku Russia
Golide pheasant ndi mbalame yonyezimira kuchokera ku China. Anthu ena achilengedwe amapezeka ku UK. Mitunduyi imakonda kupezeka mu ukapolo, koma nthawi zambiri imakhala zitsanzo zosayera, zotsatira za kusakanizidwa ndi pheasant ya Lady Amherst. Zosintha zingapo za pheasant wagolide amakhala mu ukapolo, okhala ndi nthenga ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mtundu wamtchire umadziwika kuti "pheasant wofiira wagolide". Mitunduyi idayambitsidwa ndi anthu ku England ndi Scotland. Ma pheasants oyamba agolide adabweretsedwa ku Europe kuchokera ku China kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 19.
Nkhuku ya golide yakutchire imakhala kumapiri a Central China ndipo imapezeka nthawi zambiri m'nkhalango zowirira. Mbalame yamanyazi imeneyi imakonda kubisala m'nkhalango zowirira kwambiri. Khalidwe ili limatha kukhala ngati chitetezo chachilengedwe cha nthenga zawo zowala. M'malo mwake, mitundu yowoneka bwino iyi imatha kukhala yabwinobwino ngati mbalame ija ili padzuwa kwa maola ambiri masana.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti: Malo okondedwa a pheasant wagolide ndi nkhalango zowirira komanso nkhalango komanso nkhalango zowirira.
Nkhanza zimakhala m'mitengo ya nsungwi m'mapiri. Ziphuphu zamagolide zimapewa mathithi ndi malo otseguka. Zimakhala zovuta kupeza modabwitsa m'nkhalango zosakanikirana bwino, momwe amathawira mwachangu ngozi yomwe yapezeka. Mbalamezi zimakhala pafupi ndi nthaka yaulimi, zimapezeka m'minda ya tiyi ndi m'minda yamtunda. Makapu agolide amakhala mosiyana nthawi zambiri pachaka. Pofika masika, machitidwe awo amasintha, ndipo amayamba kufunafuna anzawo.
Pheasant wagolide amakhala kumtunda osapitilira mita 1,500, ndipo nthawi yozizira imakonda kutsikira m'chigwa cha nkhalango zamitengo yotalikirapo posaka chakudya ndikuthana ndi mlengalenga, koma imabwerera kumadera komwe ikangofika nyengo yabwino. Kupatula kusamukira kwakung'ono kwenikweni, golide pheasant amadziwika kuti ndi mtundu wokhazikika. Pakadali pano, pheasants agolide amagawidwa ku United Kingdom ndi madera ena aku Europe, United States ndi Canada, madera ena a South America, Australia ndi mayiko ena.
Tsopano mukudziwa komwe pheasant wagolide amapezeka. Tiyeni tiwone chomwe mbalame iyi imadya.
Kodi pheasant wagolide amadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Mbalame ya golide ya mbalame
Ma pheasants agolide ndi omnivorous, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti amadya zonse zomera ndi nyama. Komabe, zakudya zawo zopanda ndiwo zamasamba nthawi zambiri zimakhala tizilombo. Amadyera m'nkhalango posaka zipatso, masamba, mbewu, mbewu, zipatso ndi tizilombo. Mbalamezi sizisaka m'mitengo, koma zimatha kuuluka m'mitengo kuti zipewe zolusa kapena kugona usiku.
Golide pheasants amadyetsa makamaka njere, zopanda mafupa, zipatso, mphutsi ndi mbewu, komanso mitundu ina ya zomera monga masamba ndi mphukira zazitsamba zosiyanasiyana, nsungwi ndi rhododendron. Nthawi zambiri amadya kafadala komanso akangaude. Masana, agulugufe a golide amagwera pansi, akuyenda pang'onopang'ono ndikuseka. Nthawi zambiri amadya m'mawa kwambiri komanso madzulo, koma amatha kuyenda tsiku lonse. Mitunduyi mwina imangoyenda pang'ono nyengo kuti ipeze chakudya.
Ku Britain, pheasant wagolide amasaka tizilombo ndi akangaude, omwe mwina ndi gawo lalikulu lazakudya zake, chifukwa m'minda yam'madzi a coniferous momwe mulibe msipu. Amakhulupiliranso kuti amadya nyerere zochuluka akamakanda zinyalala zapaini zomwe zagwa. Amadyanso tirigu woperekedwa ndi osunga ma pheasants.
Chifukwa chake, popeza ma pheasants agolide amayenda pang'onopang'ono kwinaku akutola pansi m'nkhalango kufunafuna chakudya, chakudya chawo chimakhala ndi mbewu, zipatso, mbewu ndi zomera zina, kuphatikiza mphukira za rhododendron ndi nsungwi, komanso mphutsi, akangaude ndi tizilombo.
Makhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Golden pheasant m'chilengedwe
Ma pheaants agolide ndi mbalame zamanyazi zomwe zimabisala masana m'nkhalango zowirira kwambiri komanso m'nkhalango ndipo zimagona mumitengo yayitali kwambiri. Ma pheaants agolide nthawi zambiri amadyera pansi ngakhale atha kuwuluka, mwina chifukwa amakhala ovuta kuthawa. Komabe, ikagundidwa, imatha kunyamuka mwadzidzidzi, mwakumtunda mokweza ndikumveka kwamapiko.
Zochepa ndizodziwika pakhalidwe la pheasant wagolide kuthengo. Ngakhale zili ndi utoto wowoneka bwino wamphongo, mbalamezi ndizovuta kuzipeza m'nkhalango zowirira zamitundumitundu zomwe zimakhala. Nthawi yabwino yowonera pheasant ya golide ndi m'mawa kwambiri, pomwe imawoneka m'mapiri.
Kutulutsa mawu kwa ma pheasants agolide kumaphatikizanso phokoso la "chak-chak". Amphongo ali ndi kuyimba kwapadera kwazitsulo nthawi yoswana. Kuphatikiza apo, pakuwonetsa mosamala chibwenzi, champhongo chimafalitsa nthenga pakhosi pake pamutu pake ndi pakamwa, ndipo zimakonzedwa ngati kape.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti: Ma pheasants agolide ali ndi mawu osiyanasiyana monga kutsatsa, kulumikizana, kuwopsa, komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo osiyanasiyana.
Golide pheasant samachita nkhanza makamaka pamitundu yopanda mpikisano ndipo ndiyosavuta kuyesetsa poleza mtima. Nthawi zina wamwamuna amatha kumenya mkazi wake mwinanso kumupha. Mwamwayi, izi zimachitika kawirikawiri.
Kakhalidwe ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Golden pheasant akuthawa
Kuswana ndi kugona nthawi zambiri kumachitika mu Epulo. Pakati pa nyengo yobereka, yamphongo imawonetsa ndi kukulitsa nthenga zake zazikulu mwa kufunsa ndikuwongola ndikuchita mayendedwe osiyanasiyana kutsogolo kwa wamkazi. Pakati pa ziwonetserozi, amafalitsa nthenga m'khosi mwake ngati kape.
Mkazi amayendera gawo lamphongo poyankha kuitana kwake. Mnyamata wamphongo wagolide wagwedeza mozungulira ndikutulutsa nthenga kuti akope chachikazi. Ngati mkaziyo sakusangalala ndipo akuyamba kuchoka, wamwamuna amathamangira mozungulira kuti amuletse kuti asachoke. Atangoyima, akuyamba kuwonetsa zonse, akudzitukumula ndi kuwonetsa mchira wake wagolide wokongola mpaka amutsimikizire kuti wabetcha bwino.
Chosangalatsa: Ma pheasants agolide amatha kukhala awiriawiri kapena atatu. Kumtchire, yamphongo imatha kukwera ndi zazikazi zingapo. Obereketsa amatha kuwapatsa akazi 10 kapena kupitilira apo, kutengera komwe kuli komanso momwe zinthu zilili.
Mazira a golide pheasant amayikidwa mu Epulo. Mbalame zimanga chisa chawo pansi pazitsamba zowirira kapena muudzu. Ndi kupsinjika kwapang'ono komwe kumakhala ndi zida zazomera. Mkazi amaikira mazira 5-12 ndipo amawasirira masiku 22-23.
Akaswa, anapiyewo amakhala okutidwa ndi utoto wofiirira kuchokera pamwamba mpaka pansi ndi mikwingwirima yachikasu, yoyera pansi pake. Ma pheasants agolide ndi mbalame zoyambirira ndipo amatha kuyenda ndikudyetsa posachedwa. Nthawi zambiri amatsata akuluakulu komwe amapezako chakudya kenako amadzipukusa okha. Amayi amakula msanga kuposa amuna ndipo amakhala okonzeka kukwatirana ali ndi chaka chimodzi. Amuna amatha kukhala achonde chaka chimodzi, koma amakula msinkhu pazaka ziwiri.
Mayi amasamalira ana kwa mwezi umodzi mpaka ufulu wonse, ngakhale atakhala okhoza kudzidyetsa okha kuyambira tsiku loyamba la moyo. Komabe, achinyamata amakhalabe ndi amayi awo m'magulu am'banja kwa miyezi ingapo. Chodabwitsa ndichakuti amatha kunyamuka milungu iwiri yokha atabadwa, zomwe zimawapangitsa kuwoneka ngati zinziri zazing'ono.
Adani achilengedwe a pheasants agolide
Chithunzi: Kodi pheasant wagolide amawoneka bwanji
Ku UK, pheasants agolide amawopsezedwa ndi akhungubwe, akadzidzi, mpheta, nkhandwe zofiira ndi nyama zina zoyamwitsa. Kafukufuku ku UK ndi Austria adapeza nyama yodyedwa ndi ma corvids, nkhandwe, mbira ndi nyama zina. Ku Sweden, ma goshaw apezekanso kuti akudya ma pheasants agolide.
Zowononga zomwe zalembetsedwa ku North America ndi izi:
- agalu oweta;
- mimbulu;
- mink;
- mbalambanda
- zikopa zamizeremizere;
- ziphuphu;
- akadzidzi akulu anyanga;
- ziphamba zofiira;
- ziphamba zofiira;
- Ziwombankhanga za Cooper;
- ma perecine falcons;
- zotchinga kumpoto;
- akamba.
Ma pheasants agolide atengeka ndi tiziromboti tambiri ta nematode. Tizilombo tina timakhalanso ndi nkhupakupa, utitiri, nyongolotsi, ndi nsabwe. Matenda a golide amatengeka ndi matenda a chideru. Kuyambira 1994 mpaka 2005, kufalikira kwa matendawa mu pheasants agolide kunanenedwa ku Denmark, Finland, France, Great Britain, Ireland, Italy. Mbalame zimayambukiranso ndi matenda opatsirana omwe amayambitsidwa ndi ma coronaviruses, omwe apezeka kuti ali ndi chibadwa chofanana kwambiri ndi nkhuku ndi turkey coronaviruses.
Anthu amakonda pheasants agolide makamaka chifukwa amawoneka okongola. Chifukwa cha izi, asangalala kukhala ndi ziweto kwazaka zambiri, ndikuwateteza. Anthu amawasaka pamlingo winawake, koma anthu ake ndi osasunthika. Choopseza chachikulu kwa mbalameyi ndikuwononga malo ndi kugulitsa malonda a ziweto. Ngakhale pheasant ya golide siili pachiwopsezo chotha, anthu ake akuchepa, makamaka chifukwa cha kutayika kwa malo okhala komanso kusaka kwambiri.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Chithunzi: Golden Pheasant
Ngakhale mitundu ina ya pheasant ikuchepa ku China, pheasant wagolide amakhalabe wamba kumeneko. Ku Britain, nyama zakutchire sizakhazikika pa mbalame 1000-2000. Sizingatheke kufalikira, chifukwa malo abwino amapezeka m'malo ena okha, ndipo mbalameyi imakhala pansi.
Ma pheaants agolide omwe amapezeka m'malo osungira nyama nthawi zambiri amakhala ana osakanizidwa ndi ma pheasants a Lady Amherst ndi ma pheasants agolide akuthengo. Mu ukapolo, masinthidwe asintha kukhala mitundu yambiri yapadera, kuphatikiza siliva, mahogany, pichesi, nsomba, sinamoni, ndi chikasu. Mtundu wa pheasant wagolide wakutchire mumakampani a nkhuku amatchedwa "golide wofiira".
Golide pheasant pakadali pano sakhala pachiwopsezo, koma kudula mitengo mwachisawawa, kugulitsa mbalame zamoyo ndikusaka chakudya kumachepa pang'ono, ngakhale anthu pano akuwoneka kuti ndi okhazikika. Mitunduyi nthawi zambiri imasakanizika ndikutengedwa ndi pheasant ya Lady Amherst. Kuphatikiza apo, masinthidwe angapo okhudzana ndi mitundu yosowa kwenikweni adapangidwa pazaka zambiri.
Mitunduyi akuti ndiyomwe ili pangozi kwambiri. Ngakhale kuchuluka kwa anthu kumachepa, kutsikako sikokwanira kusunthira m'gulu Lachiwopsezo malinga ndi Ndondomeko Yofunika ya Mbalame ndi Zachilengedwe. Golide pheasant ali ndi mitundu yambiri koma amakhala pansi pamavuto ena chifukwa chodula mitengo.
M'malo osungira nyama ndi minda, ma golide agolide amakhala m'makola akulu, makamaka m'makola. Amafuna zomera zambiri kuti azibisala ndi malo ochuluka kuti apeze chakudya. M'malo osungira nyama, mbalamezi zimakhala m'miyambo yam'mlengalenga limodzi ndi mitundu ina yosiyanasiyana yochokera kumadera ofanana. Amadyetsedwa zipatso, mbewu ndi mbalame zosautsa tizilombo.
Golide pheasant - mbalame zopatsa chidwi modabwitsa zokhala ndi nthenga zokongola komanso mitundu yowala. Nthenga zawo ndi golide, lalanje, wachikaso, wobiriwira, wabuluu komanso wofiira. Amuna, komabe, alibe mitundu yagolide, mosiyana ndi amuna. Mofanana ndi mbalame zambiri, phewa wagolide wagolide ndi wowala kwambiri pomwe yaikazi ndi yakuda bulauni. Mbalameyi, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti Chinese pheasant, imakhala m'nkhalango zamapiri chakumadzulo kwa China, madera akumadzulo kwa Europe, North America, South America, zilumba za Falkland, Australia ndi New Zealand.
Tsiku lofalitsa: 12.01.
Tsiku losintha: 09/15/2019 nthawi ya 0:05
