Amazon yakutsogolo kwachikaso (Amazona ochrocephala) kapena parrot wachikongoletsu wachikaso ndi a dongosolo la Parrot.
Kufalitsa kwa Amazon yakutsogolo.
Amazon yotsogola chikaso imayambira pakatikati pa Mexico kupita pakatikati pa South America. Amakhala m'chigawo cha South Amazonia Basin, amapezeka kum'mawa kwa Andes. Amakhala m'nkhalango za Peru, Trinidad, Brazil, Venezuela, Colombia, Guiana, komanso zilumba zina za Caribbean. Mitunduyi idayambitsidwa ku Southern California ndi South Florida. Anthu akomweko amapezeka kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa South America ndi Panama.
Malo okhala Amazon otsogola achikaso.
Amazon yakutsogolo ndi chikaso imapezeka m'malo osiyanasiyana kuyambira kumapiri achinyontho ndi nkhalango zamvula, nkhalango zowuma, ndi zitsamba zazitali. Imapezekanso m'nkhalango za paini komanso madera olimapo. Makamaka ndi mbalame yotsika, koma m'malo ena imakwera mpaka mamita 800 kumalire otsetsereka a Andes. Amazon yakutsogolo ndi yachikaso imakhalanso m'mitengo, m'mapululu komanso nyumba zazinyumba zanyengo yotentha.
Mverani mawu a Amazon wakutsogolo.
Zizindikiro zakunja kwa Amazon yakutsogolo.
Amazon yamaso achikaso ndi 33 mpaka 38 cm wamtali, kuphatikiza mchira wake wamfupi, ndipo amalemera magalamu 403 mpaka 562. Monga ma Amazoni ambiri, nthenga zimakhala zobiriwira. Pali zolemba zamitundu yosiyanasiyana m'malo ambiri amthupi. Zolemba zachikaso zitha kuwoneka pamwamba pamutu, frenulum (dera pakati pa maso ndi mulomo), ntchafu, ndipo nthawi zina mozungulira maso. Kuchuluka kwa chikasu chamutu pamutu kumasiyana, nthawi zina ndi nthenga zochepa zokha kuzungulira maso.
Koma pali anthu omwe mutu wawo umakhala wachikaso, ndichifukwa chake dzinali lidawoneka - mbalame yotchedwa parrot. Mapikowo ndi ochititsa chidwi ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndipo amawonetsa utoto wokongola wa buluu pamapiko ena achiwiri. Mtundu wowoneka bwino wabuluuwu ulipo pamalangizo ndi mawebusayiti akunja. Zizindikiro zofiira zimawoneka pamphumi la mapiko, pomwe zipsera zobiriwira zachikaso zimawoneka m'mphepete mwake. Zolemba zofiira ndi zakuda za buluu nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kuziwona pomwe mbalamezi zinakhala pa nthambi.
Mchira wake wachikwere umakhala wobiliwirako wachikasu ndi nthenga zofiira. Milomo nthawi zambiri imakhala imvi, imvi kapena yakuda, ndipo nthenga zachikaso zimawoneka pamwambapa.
Sera ndi tsitsi lozungulira mphuno zakuda. Mapazi ndi otuwa. Masaya ndi zokutira m'makutu (nthenga zokutira zotseguka m'makutu) ndizobiriwira. Maso ndi iris lalanje. Pali mphete zoyera kuzungulira maso.
Amuna ndi akazi amawoneka chimodzimodzi. Ma parrot achichepere okhala ndi chikaso chakutsogolo amakhala ndi mithunzi yofanana ndi achikulire, koma mitundu yake imakhala yocheperako, ndipo zolemba zachikaso sizodziwika kwambiri, kupatula mulamu ndi korona. Mbalame zazing'ono zimakhala ndi nthenga zazing'ono zachikaso ndi zofiira.
Kutulutsa kwa Amazon yakutsogolo.
Amazons otsogola kutsogolo ndi mbalame zokhazokha. Amawonetsa njira zosavuta zokondera zokopa anzawo: kugwada, kutsitsa mapiko awo, kugwedeza nthenga zawo, kugwedeza michira yawo, kukweza miyendo yawo, ndikutambasula maso awo. Pakapanga zisa, awiriawiri amamanga zisa zoyandikana.
Nthawi yoberekera ya Amazons otsogola achikaso imachitika mu Disembala ndipo imatha mpaka Meyi. Munthawi imeneyi, amaikira mazira awiri kapena anayi atapuma masiku awiri.
Pakumanga chisa, mbalame zimasankha dzenje loyenera. Mazirawo ndi oyera, osadziwika komanso mawonekedwe a elliptical. Pali zowalamulira chimodzi chokha nyengo. Makulitsidwe amatenga pafupifupi masiku 25. Pakadali pano, yamphongo imakhala pafupi ndi khomo lolowera ndikudyetsa yaikazi. Anapiyewo atayamba kuoneka, akazi amakhala nawo pafupifupi tsiku lonse, nthawi zina amapuma kuti adyetse. Masiku angapo pambuyo pake, yamphongo imayamba kubweretsa chakudya chisa kudyetsa mbalame zazing'onozing'onozo, ngakhale kuti wamkazi ndi amene amatenga nawo mbali kwambiri kudyetsa anawo.
Pambuyo masiku 56, anawo achoka pachisa. Ma parrot achichepere amakhala odziyimira patadutsa miyezi iwiri. Amatha kuswana pafupifupi zaka zitatu.
Amazons otsogola kutsogolo, monga zinkhwe zazikulu kwambiri, amakhala nthawi yayitali kwambiri. Mu ukapolo, mbalame zazikuluzikulu zazikulu zimatha kukhala zaka 56-100. Zambiri pazakutalika kwa Amazons okhala ndi chikaso m'chilengedwe sizidziwika.
Khalidwe la Amazon yakutsogolo.
Amazons otsogola kutsogolo ndi mbalame zachikhalidwe. Amangokhala ndikukhala m'malo ena pongofuna chakudya. Usiku, kunja kwa nyengo yobereketsa, zinkhwe zamtundu wachikaso kutsogolo kwa gulu lalikulu. Masana amadyetsa m'magulu ang'onoang'ono a 8 - 10. Pakudya kwawo, nthawi zambiri amachita modekha. Ndi ma flyer abwino kwambiri ndipo amatha kuwuluka maulendo ataliatali. Ali ndi mapiko ang'onoang'ono, motero ndegeyo ikuwuluka, osatsetsereka. M'nyengo yokwatirana, Amazons okhala ndi chikaso cham'mbali amakhala ngati mbalame zokhazokha, ndipo amapanga awiriawiri okhazikika.
Amazons akuthwa kutsogolo ndi mbalame zomwe zimadziwika chifukwa cha zovuta zawo komanso maluso olumikizirana, ndipo ambiri mwa iwo ndi abwino kutsanzira mawu. Amasungunuka mosavuta ndikuphunzitsidwa, amakhala otakataka kwambiri m'chilengedwe, kotero ngakhale ali mu ukapolo, amawuluka nthawi zonse ndikusuntha mkati mwa mpandawo.
Ma Amazons okhala ndi chikaso chakutsogolo ndi otchuka pakati pa mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe chifukwa cha mawu awo okweza, amalira, amalira, amatulutsa chitsulo chachitsulo komanso kulira kwanthawi yayitali. Mofanana ndi mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe zina, zili ndi nyimbo zovuta kuzimvetsetsa zomwe zimawathandiza kutsanzira malankhulidwe a anthu.
Chakudya cha Amazon chamaso achikaso.
Amazon otsogola achikasu amadya zakudya zosiyanasiyana. Amadya mbewu, mtedza, zipatso, zipatso, maluwa, ndi masamba. Mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe zimagwiritsa ntchito miyendo yawo pogwiritsira ntchito mtedza ndi kuchotsa maso pogwiritsa ntchito mlomo ndi lilime lawo. Amazons otsogola akuda amadya chimanga ndi zipatso za mbewu zolimidwa.
Ntchito yazachilengedwe ya Amazon yakutsogolo.
Amazons otsogola kutsogolo amadya mbewu, mtedza, zipatso ndi zipatso, ndipo ndizofunikira pakufalitsa mbewu za mbewu.
Kutanthauza kwa munthu.
Amazons akuthwa kutsogolo amatha kutengera zolankhula za anthu. Chifukwa cha khalidweli, amadziwika ngati nkhuku. Nthawi zina nthenga za Parrot zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa zovala. Kugwidwa kosalamulirika kwa Amazons okhala ndi chikaso chakugulitsa ndicho chifukwa chachikulu chakuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwachilengedwe. Chifukwa cha njoka zomwe zimadya anapiye ndi akazi, komanso kuwononga anthu, mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwezi zimakhala zochepa kwambiri (10-14%).
Akatswiri a sayansi ya zakuthambo amayamikira Amazon yamaso achikaso ngati chinthu chosangalatsa chachilengedwe. M'madera ena aulimi, Amazons owoneka achikaso amawononga mbewu za chimanga ndi zipatso powabera.
Kuteteza kwa Amazon yakutsogolo.
Ma Amazoni okhala ndi chikaso chofala amapezeka nthawi zambiri. Amakhala m'malo ambiri otetezedwa pomwe pali njira zotetezera. Mbalamezi amadziwika kuti ndi Osadandaula pa Mndandanda Wofiira wa IUCN. Ndipo monga zinkhwe zina zambiri, zalembedwa mu CITES Zakumapeto II. Ngakhale anthu a Amazons otsogola achikaso akuchepa, sanafikebe pozindikira kuti mtundu wawo uli pachiwopsezo.
