Kutulutsa. Makhalidwe a anthu owala zovala
Pofika nyengo yozizira, mbalame zowala bwino pamzindawu zimawonekera pazitsamba za rowan. Pakati pa mpheta zachizolowezi, akhwangwala, makumi anai amawoneka ngati alendo achilendo achilendo. Awa ndi ma waxwings.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a ma waxwings
Maonekedwe omveka a kakang'ono aka, mpaka masentimita 20, amakopa mbalame: nthenga zaimvi-pinki monga maziko a chinsalu, pomwe amapaka mapiko akuda okhala ndi mikwingwirima yachikasu ndi yoyera, mabala ofiira, ndikuwonjezera mchira wachikaso ndi mphako wapinki pamutu.
Pali malo akuda pakhosi, mivi yakuda pafupi ndi maso, ndipo mchira ulinso wakuda. Mlomo wawung'ono uli ndi dzino laling'ono.
Mbalameyi imadziwika ndi anthu kuti ndi "okongola", osakhoza kuyimba. Chifukwa chake, dzina lake lochokera mchilankhulo chakale cha Chirasha limapereka tanthauzo la "mluzu, fuula". Koma amadziwa kuyimba, kutanthauzira kwachiwiri kwa dzina lake kumalumikizidwa ndi kulira kwa chitoliro.
Mverani kuyimba kwa waxwing
Banja la waxwing ndi laling'ono, lili ndi mitundu 8 ndi mabanja atatu. Ngakhale kuchepa kwa ma waxwings, zambiri zimamvetsetseka m'malo awo. Mwambiri, mbalame zonse zimasiyana pang'ono, malongosoledwe a sera ndizofanana, kupatula wakuda wakuda ndi wamkazi wake wamvi. Mu mitundu ina, palibe kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa amuna ndi akazi.
Wakuda wakuda ali ndi mchira wautali, mosiyana ndi abale ake achikuda, ndi maso ofiira. Malo ake amakhala kokha ku nkhalango za Mexico ndi kumwera chakumadzulo kwa United States.
Kutsalima m'nyengo yozizira, atawonekera m'malire a mzinda, ngati kuti amalola kudzisilira, amalola kuti munthu atseke. Kulira kwawo, kosokonezedwa ndi muluzi, kumakopa chidwi. Kuphatikiza pa zipatso za rowan, sizowopa kudya chakudya kuchokera kwa odyetsa m'mapaki ndi minda.
Zokongoletsera malo
Malo okhala ndi nkhalango za coniferous, zosakanikirana, za birch kumpoto kwa Eurasia ndi North America. Ku Russia, waxwing ndi wokhala m'nkhalango, kuphatikizapo nkhalango. Waxwing, osamukira kapena ayi, - funso lotsutsana, m'malo mwake, amadziwika kuti ndi osamukasamuka, kusiya malo awo okhala kumwera chakumadzulo kukafuna zipatso ndi zipatso.
Mbalame yakuda waxwing
M'nthawi yosamukasamuka, mbalame sizidalira kwenikweni pama conifers wamba. Amakhazikika m'malo okhala ndi chakudya chambiri, kenako nkumapitirira. Ku Russia, amapita ku Crimea, dera la Caucasus. Ali panjira, oyendayendawo adutsa msewu wapakati kawiri.
Kutentha kotentha, ziweto zimabwerera kumpoto, komwe kumakhala ma waxwings... Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, oyang'anira mbalame amatha kuphunzira zambiri za mbalame paulendo wawo, chifukwa amakhala mozungulira komanso amabisala m'malo awo okhala.
Waxwing - mbalame ochezeka komanso okonda kuchita bwino ndege. Amathera gawo lonse latsiku posaka chakudya, pomwe ziweto zimasiyana pamitundu: kuyambira mitu 5 mpaka 30. Kuuluka kwa mbalame ndi kokongola. Mwachangu komanso mwachangu, ma waxwings amauluka pamzere wopindika mpaka atawukanso.
Mwachilengedwe, mbalame zimasakidwa ndi zilombo zolusa: ma martens, agologolo, ndipo pakati pa mbalame zimatha kusiyanitsa kadzidzi ndi kabawi, zomwe sizongokhala anapiye ndi mazira okha, komanso mbalame zazikuluzikulu zimadya.
Kudyetsa ma waxwings
M'malo ake okhalitsa, m'malo ake, waxwing amadya zipatso, amabzala zipatso, masamba amitengo, tizilombo, timene timagwidwa tikuthawa. Ma midge osiyanasiyana, udzudzu, agulugufe, agulugufe ndi mphutsi zawo zimakhala chakudya cha nyama.
Pakubwera chimfine, si kuzizira kwambiri ngati njala komwe kumapangitsa anthu kulowa mumsasa woyendayenda. Kufunafuna chakudya kumapangitsa mbalame kudya zamasamba: amakhala m'malo omwe ali ndi zipatso za viburnum, barberry, phulusa lamapiri, ntchafu zouluka, mlombwa.
Pafupifupi zipatso zilizonse zimadya: mbalame yamatcheri, mistletoe, lingonberry, buckthorn, hawthorn, mabulosi, lilac, privet.
Amachotsa "zokolola" zonse ku tchire ndi nthambi, amawonetsa kukomoka pomwe, atapachikika mozondoka, achotseni zipatso zomwe achotsa. Mbalame zimakonda kwambiri zipatso zoyera za mistletoe, zomwe kumadera omwe amaphuka sera amatchedwa mistletoe.
Ngati pansi pa tchire kapena mitengo chipale chofewa chimakhala ndi mawanga ofiira a zipatso zomwe sizidyekezedwe, zikasenda ndi nyemba, ndiye kuti waxwings anafika... Mbalame mwachidwi komanso mwachangu zimakanda zipatso zowala, ndikudzaza mosalekeza zotupa kuti thupi lawo laling'ono silingakwanitse kuthana ndi kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe chachotsedwa m'matumbo pafupifupi chosasinthika.
Amawerengedwa kuti ndi omwe amagawa mbewu mwanjira imeneyi. Mphukira za zomera zosungidwa zimatsimikizira izi.
Dziwani yemwe adyetsa tchire la rowan: ng'ombe zamphongo, sera kapena mbalame zakutchire, - mutha zotsalira za phwandolo. Ng'ombe zamphongo ndi mbalame zakuda zimachotsa zipatsozo mofanana pa chisoti chonse cha mtengowo, ndikugwetsa mkandawo, ndikupita kukafunafuna. Titha kunena za waxwing: imasesa chilichonse, koma sichimagwera pansi. Bwanji, ngati pali zipatso zina panthambi.
Kususuka kosaletseka kumayambitsa masoka achilengedwe, ofanana ndi kuledzera, pamene zipatso zopota zomwe zimakhazikika panthambi nthawi yophukira komanso yachinyezi zimalowa mchakudyacho. Mbalame zoledzera zimataya zimbalangondo, sizingathe kuuluka, kugwa ndi zopinga, zopinga ndipo ambiri amafa. Chithunzi chotere sichoseketsa konse, koma mawonekedwe achisoni.
Anthu nthawi zonse samadziwa zomwe zikuchitika ndipo amawopsedwa ndi kumenyedwa m'mawindo, mawindo ogulitsa, makoma a mbalame zamisala. Sizangochitika mwangozi kuti posamvetsetsa zochitika, machitidwe oterewa amatanthauzidwa kuti ndi malodza oyipa.
Chochitika chofananacho ndichotheka mchaka, pomwe mbalame zimagwiritsa ntchito kuyamwa kwa mapulo, kutuluka kuchokera ku khungwa zitawonongeka.
Zimakhala zovuta kuneneratu kubwera ndi kuchoka kwa amphaka okongola okhala ndi zovala. Amasuntha kutengera nyengo ndi zokolola za mabulosi, zomwe zimasiyana mosiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake, mpaka pano, mawonekedwe a mbalame zowala komanso zaphokoso amadziwika ngati mphatso yosayembekezereka, kusungunuka kwa ana kumabweretsa chisangalalo chochuluka podziwa zachilengedwe.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo chokhala ndi moyo wa waxwings
Malo obisalapo a waxwings ali m'malo okhalamo, pomwe amabwerera pambuyo pa nthawi yayitali yozizira. Nthawi yawo yokwatirana imayamba ngakhale asananyamuke. Zotsatira zake zimapita kulikonse limodzi. Kuyambira Meyi-Juni yakwana kale nthawi yomanga zisa. Pakadali pano, ndizosowa kuwona mbalame, zimakhala zobisalira komanso kusamala.
Amakopeka ndi nkhalango zowala, amasankha ma spruces akale akale pafupi ndi matupi amadzi kuti apeze chisa pakatikati mpaka 10-13 mita ndikubisala pansi pa korona wandiweyani.
Pomanga, chilichonse chomwe chili pafupi chimasankhidwa: nthambi zowoneka bwino za spruce, singano, nthenga zofewa, fluff, zidutswa za ndere, moss, mapesi owonda azitsamba. Ngakhale ubweya wa mphalapala unkapezeka muzisa zakale.
Likukhalira chisa cha mawonekedwe ozungulira, olimba komanso ofanana ndi mbale yayikulu. Mkaziyu amaikira mazira 4-6 ofiira ndi tinsalu takuda kwa masiku pafupifupi 13-14. Amuna amasamalira akazi panthawiyi, kumubweretsera chakudya.
Amphaka atawoneka, amphaka awiri okhala ndi zovekedwa amadyera limodzi. Choyamba, ana amadya tizilombo, mphutsi, ndipo kenako amasinthana kukabzala chakudya.
Anapiye amakhala odziyimira pawokha pakatha milungu 2.5 ndipo nthawi yozizira amapita kumadera osamukasamuka pamodzi ndi mbalame zazikulu. Mbalame zimakhwima pofika chaka chimodzi. Mabanja amapangidwa mwatsopano chaka chilichonse. Zaka zapakati pazikhalidwe zachilengedwe zimafikira zaka 10-13.
Kujambula ndi chisa choluka
Kusunga ma waxw m'ndende
Chifukwa cha nthenga zawo zokongola, okonda mbalame amayesetsa kuweta sera. Kusunga ukapolo sikubweretsa mavuto ambiri, mbalameyo imazolowera munthu msanga, koma kukhala payekhapayekha kumapangitsa kuti azingokhala komanso azikhala olephera, ndipo sipadzakhala kuyimba konse, kupatula malikhweru amodzi.
Ndikwabwino kuwasunga pagulu la ziweto, ndiye kuti ntchito yawo ndi chisangalalo chosangalatsa zidzatsala, kubweretsa chisangalalo kwa aliyense.
