Takin - chodabwitsa chosowa nyama. Nthawi yomweyo, imawoneka ngati mbuzi yakumapiri ndi ng'ombe yamphongo, koma kwenikweni ndi nyama yowala ya artiodactyl. Achibale oyandikira kwambiri ndi ovuta kutchula - nyama izi ndizapadera komanso ndizosiyana. Ngakhale malo awo amakhala okhaokha otetezedwa, pomwe ma takin amatetezedwa ndi Red Book.
Chiyambi cha mitundu ndi kufotokozera
Chithunzi: Takin
Takin ndi nyama yosawerengeka ya ng'ombe. Izi ndi zowetchera za artiodactyl, zokhazokha pamapangidwe amanyanga: momwe zimapangidwira, nyanga za nyama zotere ndizopanda pake, koma nthawi yomweyo zimakhala zolimba chifukwa cha nthiti zake. Ma bovids amaphatikizaponso mitundu yofala kwambiri: mbawala, mphalapala, njati, ng'ombe zamphongo, mbuzi ndi nkhosa zamphongo.
Mwa zotengera, ma subspecies anayi amadziwika, omwe amatengera malo awo:
- Zigawo zachi Burma;
- kulanda golide;
- Kutenga kwa Sichuan;
- Kutenga kwa Bhutanese.
Kanema: Takin
Bovids ndi banja lalikulu kwambiri lomwe limaphatikizapo mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyama. Kuyambira yaing'ono dikdik antelope, amene sakanakhoza kufika kulemera kwa 5 kg., Kutha ndi njati, amene kulemera akhoza upambana chikwi makilogalamu. Takin amadziwikanso kuchokera kubanja la bovid chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake osazolowereka komanso malo ochepera.
Monga lamulo, ma bovids amakhala m'malo otseguka monga mapiri ndi nkhalango. Nyamazi zimasinthidwa kwambiri mtunda wautali, zimakonda kukhala m'gulu ndipo nthawi zina zimatha kulimbana ndi zolusa zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito nyanga zamphamvu ndi miyendo yolimba ngati zida.
Takin, monga mtundu, anapezeka mochedwa - pafupifupi zaka zana ndi theka zapitazo. Choyamba, akatswiri azachilengedwe adapeza mafupa a nyamazi, zomwe samatha kuzizindikira, ndipo atangopeza nyama iyi.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Momwe mawonekedwe akuwonekera
Takin amafanana ndi ng'ombe yaying'ono. Kutalika kwa kufota kumafikira zana masentimita, kutalika kwa amuna ndikumatha masentimita 150, kupatula mchira. Kulemera kwa takins ndi pafupifupi makilogalamu 300 - ili ndi lamulo lamphamvu lokwanira kanyama kakang'ono.
Zikopa zimatchula kufota, kubwerera mmbuyo pang'ono ndikuwonekera bwino. Mchira wa nyama ndi waufupi kwambiri, mofanana ndi michira ya nkhosa. Chovalacho ndi chachitali, chofewa, chokhala ndi malaya otentha ofunda. Mtundu wa zojambulazo ndizowoneka bwino, wofiyira pang'ono, fawn. M'mbali moyandikana ndi chotupa, chitha kukhala chopepuka pang'ono kapena chakuda. Palinso zolemba zakuda pamaso, miyendo ndi mimba ya zotengera.
Makapu ali ndi mutu wawukulu womwe umafanana ndi mitu ya kanyama. Mphuno yayikulu yokhala ndi khungu lamphamvu, mphuno zazikulu, pakamwa ponse ndi maso akulu akuda. Makutu ndi ochepa, koma oyenda, komanso okutidwa ndi ubweya.
Amuna ndi akazi amasiyana kokha kukula kwa thupi. Onsewa ali ndi nyanga zomwe zimafanana ndi nyanga za njati - zotchinga m'munsi mwake, kenako zimafalikira. Pakatikati, nyanga ndi zotakasuka komanso zosalala, zokutira pamphumi kenako ndikupindika ndikubwerera.
Zinyama zili ndi mane wonenepa, womwe umawonekeranso mwa akazi ndi abambo. Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala tsitsi labwino kwambiri lopachika pakhosi komanso nsagwada. Ziboda zamakolo ndizotakata, ndipo zimakula kwambiri. Miyendo ndi yamphamvu, yowongoka, yolimba.
Kodi takin amakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Takin ku India
Zikopa zimakonda kwambiri gawo lomwe amakhala. Nyama izi sizimakonda kusamuka, zomwe zimasokoneza kubereka kwawo mu ukapolo.
Mwambiri, ma takins amakhala m'malo awa:
- kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa India;
- Nepal;
- Tibet;
- China.
Ambiri mwa ma takin amakhala m'chigawo cha Sichuan ku China. Kumeneko amakhala kumalo osungira zinthu kumene kuli mapiri ndi nkhalango zowirira kwambiri. Zinyama zimakonda kukhazikika kumapiri, komwe nkhalango imakumana ndi miyala. Komanso, ziweto zawo zimawonedwa m'mapiri a subalpine ndi alpine, pomwe pali magawo ang'onoang'ono amiyala.
Makapu amakonda nkhalango za rhododendron, nkhalango zowirira za bamboo. Amatha kulekerera mosavuta mapiri ataliatali - amapezeka nthawi zambiri kumtunda kwa mamita zikwi zisanu pamwamba pa nyanja. M'nyengo yozizira, nyama zakutchire zimatsika m'mapiri ozizira kwambiri ndikupita kunkhalango, komwe zimakhala mpaka kutentha.
Chifukwa chamalamulo amthupi lawo, amasinthidwa kukhala m'malo osiyanasiyana. Ziboda zazikulu ndi miyendo yolimba zimawathandiza kukwera miyala ndi miyala yosakhazikika. Pang'ono ndi pang'ono, amakhala omasuka pakati pa nkhalango zowirira komanso madambo.
Zinyama zimayendanso bwino kumalo osungira nyama. Sikuti amafuna kuti azisunga zinthu, monga, njati ndi nyerere zina zotentha. Matumba amakula bwino m'nyengo yotentha komanso m'nyengo yozizira.
Tsopano mukudziwa komwe kutenga kumapezeka. Tiyeni tiwone chomwe amadya.
Amadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Golden Takin
Matumba ndi zonyamula zomwe zimakonda kudya udzu wobiriwira, nthambi zazing'ono zazitsamba ndi masamba nthawi yotentha. Mitengo ya Alpine ndiyosiyana kwambiri, chifukwa chake, kuyambira masika mpaka nthawi yophukira, ma takins amakhala ndi zakudya zabwino kwambiri, kuphatikiza mitundu yoposa 130 ya zomera.
M'nyengo yozizira, amataya amadya nthambi, singano, masamba owuma, nsungwi ndi rhododendron. Amagwiritsanso ntchito ziboda zawo zazikulu kukumba chipale chofewa komanso ngakhale ayezi wolimba kuti akafike kumizu ndi udzu wouma. Kuchepetsa kwa zotengera kumachedwetsa nthawi yozizira, komwe kumawathandiza kuti azimva njala.
Zikopa zimatha kuthyola makungwa ang'onoang'ono mumitengo chifukwa cha nsagwada. Mapeto a pakamwa pa takin ndi khungwa lofewa, lofanana ndi lomwe limapezeka mumisempha ndi mitundu ina yamahatchi. Chifukwa cha iye, amadya makungwa ndi mphukira zamitengo.
Chosangalatsa: Makapu amatha kuyimilira ndi miyendo yawo yakumbuyo kuti afikire chakudya - masamba obiriwira ndi zipatso zomwe zimakula pamwamba panthaka.
M'malo osungira nyama, zakudya zotayidwa ndizosiyanasiyana. Kuphatikiza pa udzu wachinyamata ndi udzu, amathandizidwa zipatso, zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, chinangwa ndi mavitamini nawonso amawonjezeredwa pachakudya, kulola kuti nyamazi zizikhala zathanzi ndikukhala ndi moyo wautali.
Makhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Takin mwachilengedwe
Matumba ndi nyama zamanyazi kwambiri, ndipo pachifukwa ichi machitidwe awo ndiophunziridwa pang'ono. Amawonetsa zochitika zazikulu masana komanso madzulo - ndiye nyamazi zimapita kukatsegula malo oti azidyetsa.
Zikopa zimagawidwa m'magulu ang'onoang'ono amitu khumi. Gululo lili ndi mtsogoleri wamwamuna komanso wolamulira pakati pa akazi, koma mtsogoleriyo samathamangitsa anyamata ena achimuna. Akatswiri a zachilengedwe amanena kuti amuna achikulire a msinkhu wosabereka amakhala kutali ndi ziweto.
M'nyengo yozizira, timagulu tating'onoting'ono timapanga magulu akulu. Chifukwa chake nyamazo zimapulumutsidwa kuzizira, zimatetezera pamodzi ana akulira. Mikangano imachitika kawirikawiri pagulu lazotenga - nyama izi zimakhala mwamtendere wina ndi mnzake.
Zosangalatsa: Ngakhale ma takins amawoneka osasunthika komanso ocheperako, amatha kukwera m'malo ang'onoang'ono amiyala kuti akadye moss kapena masamba aang'ono.
Chidwi sichachilendo kutengera - nyama zowopsa zimapewa chilichonse chosadziwika. Komabe, kumalo osungira nyama, amatha kuzolowera munthu, kumamunamizira ngati gulu la ziweto. Akazi achikazi akulera ana awo nthawi zina amakhala ndi mawonekedwe osayembekezeka. Amatha kulimbana ndi adani awo, kudziteteza ndi nyanga ndi ziboda. Nthawi yomweyo, abambo samakhwimitsa kwambiri kuposa akazi, ndipo amangogwira ntchito yobereka, osateteza gulu lanyama chilichonse.
Kakhalidwe ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Takin Cub
Pa nthawi yokhwima, amuna, omwe amakhala patali pang'ono ndi ziweto, amalumikizana ndi zazikazi ndikuwonetsa chidwi chawo. Nthawi zambiri nyengo yoswana imagwa mu Julayi kapena Ogasiti, kutengera kutentha kwamlengalenga. Matini amasonkhana m'magulu akulu, akumenyera nkhondo yolimbana ndi ufulu wokwatirana.
Amuna amtundu wawo samatsutsana, chifukwa chake, ziwonetsero zankhondo ndizosowa kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri amangokhalira kulilirana, nthawi zambiri sagundana ndi nyanga, koma samakonza zolimbana zazitali. Ma takin otayika (monga lamulo, achichepere ndi achichepere osadziwa zambiri) amasamuka pagulu la akazi ndikukhalabe oyang'ana.
Zitakwatirana, amuna amapitirizabe kukhala pawokha. Nthawi yoberekera ya amayi atenga pafupifupi miyezi isanu ndi itatu. Mkazi amabala mwana wa ng'ombe mmodzi, kangapo - awiri, koma wachiwiri, monga lamulo, samapulumuka kuthengo. Ana amabadwa otukuka komanso odziyimira pawokha. Maola ochepa pambuyo pake, amafika pamapazi awo, ndipo patsiku lachisokonezo amakhala akusewera wina ndi mnzake.
Mpaka milungu iwiri, anawo amadya mkaka wa amayi, ndipo pambuyo pake amasintha pang’onopang’ono kubzala chakudya. Komabe, mayiwo amadyetsa mwanayo kwa miyezi ingapo. Ma takins achichepere amakula amapanga "nazale", yomwe imayang'aniridwa ndi mayi wachikulire. Ndiye amayi a ana awa amabwera kwa ana awo kuti angodya.
Adani achilengedwe a takin
Chithunzi: Sichuan Takin
Pangozi pang'ono, takins amakonda kubisala m'nkhalango za nsungwi kapena amapita miyala. Amakhalanso ndi machitidwe omwe sawonedwa m'ma artiodactyls ena - omwe amakonda kubisala. Nyama izi zimagona muudzu wamtali kapena pakati pa nkhalango zowirira ndikuzizira, kuyembekezera mdani kapena zoopsa zomwe zingachitike kuti zitheke. Amafinya ngakhale khosi lawo ndikuphimba maso awo kuti achepetse mwayi wodziwika.
Chosangalatsa: Amwenyewo ali ndi nthabwala yomwe ingatengeke - kotero nyama zazikuluzi zitha kukhala zosawoneka.
Zikopa zimakhala m'malo ovuta kufikako. Mdani woyipitsitsa yemwe adalemala kwambiri anthu olanda ndiye munthu. Chifukwa chosokoneza chilengedwe ndi kuwononga nyama, nyama izi zatsala pang'ono kutha. Koma pali zolusa zingapo zomwe zimakumana nazo.
Akambuku ndi nyama zochenjera komanso zanzeru zomwe zimasaka nyama. Amatha kununkhiza zobisika zobisika m'mapiri ndi m'nkhalango. Komabe, akambuku sangathe kupundula kwambiri anthu olanda, chifukwa amakonda kusaka nyama zomwe zingafikebe kwina kulikonse.
Zimbalangondo sizowopsa pamagalimoto. Amatha kuwukira achikulire kapena achichepere m'malo otseguka pomwe ma takin ochedwa alibe mwayi woti athawireko. Koma zimbalangondo nawonso ndizosowa m'malo okhala nyama izi.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Chithunzi: Momwe mawonekedwe akuwonekera
Matumba ali pachiwopsezo chotha. Kuyambira pomwe adapeza, adadzutsa chidwi chachikulu osati mwa akatswiri azachilengedwe zokha, komanso pakati pa mafani osaka nyama zakutchire. Zikopa m'malo awo achilengedwe zilibe anthu ambiri, koma kumapeto kwa zaka makumi awiri, ziwerengero zawo zatsika kwambiri.
Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu atengeke kwambiri:
- opha nyama mozemba ankasaka nyama, chifukwa amakhulupirira kuti ziwalo zawo zamkati, nyama ndi nyanga zimakhala ndi machiritso. Anagulitsa bwino pamsika, zomwe zidathandizira kusaka nyama izi;
- Kudula mitengo kumakhudza anthu olanda. Chowonadi ndi chakuti nyama izi zimakonda kwambiri komwe zimakhala ndipo sizikufuna kuzisiya. Chifukwa chake, ma takins nthawi zambiri amawonongeka limodzi ndi nkhalango yomwe yadulidwa, komanso amataya chakudya chochuluka chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa zomera;
- pamene zotengera zidapezeka ngati zamoyo, zinagwidwa m'malo ambiri osungira nyama. Kumeneko analibe malo okhala abwino ndipo sanabereke, zomwe zimakhudzanso kuchuluka kwa nyamazi;
- amatenga atengeka ndikusintha kwachilengedwe, chifukwa chake kuwonongeka kwa mpweya kumakhudza thanzi lawo komanso moyo wawo wautali. Ofufuzawo akuti zotengera zimaberekana m'malo owonongeka.
Izi zathandizira kutsika kwakukulu kwa anthu olanda. Pakadali pano, kuchuluka kwa nyamazi akubwezeretsedwanso chifukwa chazomwe zatetezedwa munthawi yake.
Takin alonda
Chithunzi: Takin kuchokera ku Red Book
Ma Takins adatchulidwa mu International Red Book pansi pamitundu yosawerengeka. Njira zosungira zidagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzinyama zaka makumi angapo zapitazo, koma zidakhala zothandiza kwambiri.
Choyamba, boma la China lidazindikira kuti ma takin ndi katundu wawo mdzikolo, zomwe zimawapatsa mwayi woteteza. Zolemba zosaka siziloledwa kuboma ndipo zimapatsidwa chilango chokhala m'ndende komanso kulipiritsa ndalama.
Kutenga ma takino m'malo osungira nyama ndikosaloledwa. Anthu ena amasungidwa kumalo osungira akunja pansi pazifukwa zapadera zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziwetozi zibereke bwino. Zotengera zomwe zigwidwa zimayang'aniridwa ndi magulu azachilengedwe, kutsatira zisonyezo zaumoyo wa nyama.
Kachiwiri, madera omwe amakhala makamaka amadziwika kuti ndi nkhokwe. Kudula mitengo mwachisawawa ndi zina zosokoneza zomwe sizingachitike, zimachotsedwa, ndipo izi zidathandizira kwambiri kubwezeretsa mitundu ya zamoyo.
Komabe, kudula mitengo mwachangu m'mafakitale kukupitilirabe, chifukwa chake anthu ambiri akupitilizabe kuopsezedwa kuchokera kumadera opanda chitetezo. Ngakhale kuchuluka kwawo kuli kolimba, ndipo nyama zodabwitsa izi zimapezekanso m'malo osungira nyama zazikulu padziko lapansi.
Takin Ndi nyama yokongola komanso yodabwitsa. Tikuyembekeza kuti malo osungira nyama ndi nkhokwe zithandizira kubwezeretsa kuchuluka kwa nyama zachilendozi. Kukhala ndi malingaliro okhudzana ndi chilengedwe komanso kuletsa kudula mitengo m'gawo la anthu olanda kumatha kuthana ndi vuto lakutha kwa nyamazi.
Tsiku lofalitsa: 01/10/2020
Tsiku losinthidwa: 09/13/2019 pa 21:43
