Rosella - iyi ndi imodzi mwa mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe zokongola kwambiri, zomwe zimasiyana ndi mbalame zina zamtunduwu ndi utoto wodabwitsa kwambiri wa nthenga. Dzina la asayansi la mitunduyo ndi Platycercus eximius, ndipo kwa nthawi yoyamba mbalameyi idafotokozedwa pakati pa zaka za zana la 19, pomwe asayansi oyamba adafika ku Australia.
Chiyambi cha mitundu ndi kufotokozera
Chithunzi: Rosella
Rosella, monga mtundu wosiyana, adapangidwa zaka masauzande angapo zapitazo. Zofotokozera zodalirika za mbalamezi zimapezeka m'mabuku achiaborijini aku Australia. Asayansi a ornithology amati rosella ndi mtundu wakale wakale wofanana ndi cockatoo kapena cockatoo.
Mtundu uwu wa mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe zimasiyanitsidwa ndi nthenga zawo zokongola modabwitsa, kukongola ndi chisomo chachilengedwe. Rosella ndi chinkhwe chapakati. Kutalika kwa thupi la mbalame kumachokera pa 25 mpaka 35 sentimita, kulemera kwake kwa mbalame sikupitilira magalamu 50, ndipo mapiko ake amakhala pafupifupi masentimita 15.
Kanema: Rosella
Mtundu wa mbalameyi umaonekera. Kumbuyo kwake kumakhala kwakuda (nthawi zina kulowetsedwa ndi zoyera), koma nthenga iliyonse kumbuyo imathera ndi utoto wobiriwira. Kufikira kumbuyo kwenikweni kwa nthenga, nthenga zimapanga malo obiriwira obiriwira, ndikupangitsa paroti kukhala wowoneka bwino. Pamasaya a mbalameyi pali mautoto amitundu yambiri, mtundu wake umadalira subspecies za rosella.
Chosiyana ndi rosella ndi mchira wake wokulirapo, womwe siwofanana ndi banja la ma parrot. Mchira wa rosella amakonzedwa m'njira yoti apange masitepe. Chifukwa cha mchira wachilendowu, rosella imatha kuyendetsa mwachangu, zomwe zimalola kuti mbalameyi iwuluke ngakhale m'nkhalango zowirira kwambiri.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti: Mwamuna ndi mkazi rosella amasiyana wina ndi mzake kokha mwa kuwala kwa utoto. Amuna ndi owala kwambiri kuposa akazi, omwe amawathandiza kukopa anzawo nthawi yokomana. Potengera magawo ena (kukula, kulemera, mapiko), akazi ndi amuna a Rosella ali ofanana.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Kodi Rosella amawoneka bwanji
Kukula, mapiko ake ndi utoto wa rosella zimadalira subspecies zomwe mbalameyo imakhalapo.
Pakadali pano, ornithologists amasiyanitsa mitundu yaying'ono yama parrot:
- variegated (classic) rosella. Mtundu wofala kwambiri wa mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe. Amapezeka pafupifupi ku Australia konse, komanso kuzilumba za Tasman. Kukula kwa mbalameyi ndi masentimita 30-33, ndipo mawonekedwe apadera a mtunduwo ndi nthenga zokongola kwambiri zokhala ndi malire obiriwira. Monga lamulo, ndi mtundu uwu wa mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe zomwe nthawi zambiri zimawombedwa kunyumba, popeza tinthu tating'onoting'ono timasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wa phlegmatic komanso kuthekera kwakukulu kwamphamvu;
- wofiira (penant) rosella. Mbalame yayikulu kwambiri m'banja. Kukula kwa wamkulu kumafika masentimita 36-37. Mutu ndi chifuwa cha mbalameyi ndi zofiira kwambiri, pamimba palibiriwiri, kumbuyo kwake kuli kwakuda. Nthawi yomweyo, pamasaya a mbalameyi pali mawanga abuluu otumbululuka. Chiphokoso chofiira ndi chankhanza kwambiri pamtundu wonsewo ndipo nthawi zambiri chimasemphana ndi abale ocheperako;
- rosella wobiriwira. Ma Parrot a subspecies amathanso kufikira kutalika kwa masentimita 35-36, koma mosiyana ndi anzawo ofiira, amakhala amtendere kwambiri. Subpecies adadzitcha dzina chifukwa chakuti nthenga pamutu, m'khosi ndi pachifuwa cha mbalameyi ndizobiriwira. Mtundu wa parrot umaperekedwa chifukwa chakuti nthenga pamphumi pake ndizofiira, ndipo khosi limakhala labuluu lakuda. Mbalameyi imakhala m'nkhalango zotentha ku Australia ndi Tasmania, ndipo mtundu wobiriwirayo umathandizira kubisala;
- buluu wotumbululuka rosella. Mwina ma subspecies okongola kwambiri a parrot. Mosiyana ndi anzawo owala kwambiri, mbalameyi imawoneka yonyansa kwambiri. Msana wake wophimbidwa ndi nthenga yakuda wokhala ndi chikasu chachikaso, mutu wabuluu wowala komanso mimba yomweyo. Nthenga zokhazokha za mchira zokha ndizomwe zimapatsa mtundu zonunkhira;
- rosella wachikasu. Parrot yaying'ono kwambiri komanso yokongola kwambiri pamitundu yonseyi. Wamkulu amafika masentimita 25-27, koma mbalameyo imakhala ndi nthenga zowala kwambiri. Msana wobiriwira wokhala ndi edging yakuda, mutu wofiira, bere ndi mimba, ndi mawanga achikaso pamasaya awo zimapangitsa paroti kukhala wokongola kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, mbalame iyi imasungidwa mu ukapolo, popeza kukula kwake kocheperako kumalola mbalame yam'mimba kumva bwino m'makola wamba.
Kodi rosella amakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Rosella ku Australia
Rosella, monga mbalame zina zambiri zakutchire, amakhala ku Australia. Kwa nthawi yayitali, kontinentiyi idadulidwa kumayiko ena, ndipo ichi chidakhala chifukwa chokhazikitsira chilengedwe. M'zaka zana zapitazi, mbalame zamasulidwa pazilumba zingapo, koma Zilumba za Tasman zokha ndizomwe zidayamba, nyengo yomwe imafanana kwambiri ndi Australia.
Mbalame zimakonda kukhazikika chobisalacho, m'mphepete mwa nkhalango zakutchire kapena m'nkhalango yaku Australia (madera akuluakulu okutidwa ndi tchire lalitali). Mapiko a rosella sanasinthidwe maulendo apaulendo ataliatali, chifukwa chake samasakanikirana mtunda wautali, amakonda kukhala moyo wawo wonse m'dera lomwelo. Osatha kuwuluka mtunda wautali, rosella amalipira kuthekera kosunthira pansi ngakhale kukhala m'mabowo a akalulu.
Anthu atayamba kuyang'anitsitsa tchire la Australia, mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe zinayamba kukhazikika m'mapaki ngakhale m'minda yaying'ono pafupi ndi nyumba zazing'ono. Chifukwa cha kulingalira kwa mbalame ndi chikhalidwe chawo chamtendere, mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe zimagwirizana bwino ndi anthu ndipo sizimachita manyazi ndi kupezeka kwawo.
Rosella imabereka bwino mu ukapolo, imakhala bwino kunyumba, ndipo zofunika kwambiri pakuzisamalira ndizotentha kwambiri. Mbalame zimakhala zotentha kwambiri ndipo zimamva chisoni ngati kutentha kwa mpweya kutsika pansi pa madigiri 15.
Kodi Rosella amadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Rosella Parrot
Kwakukulukulu, zakudya za rosella sizimasiyana ndi mbalame ina iliyonse. Kusiyanitsa ndikuti rosella amakhala nthawi yayitali pansi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti chakudya chachikulu cha mbalameyi ndi mbewu za mbewu, chimanga ndi mphukira zazing'ono.
Ma Parrot amasangalala kudya:
- masamba atsopano;
- zipatso zokhala ndi shuga wambiri;
- mbewu ndi mbewu (kuphatikizapo mbewu zaulimi);
- mbewu zazing'ono;
- kuti chimbudzi chiziyenda bwino, mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe zimameza timiyala ting'onoting'ono kapena zipolopolo zazing'ono zazing'onozing'ono.
Rosella ndi mlenje wabwino. Amasangalala kudya tizilombo ndi mbozi, zomwe zimawononga zomera. Chifukwa chake, alimi samathamangitsa mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe m'minda yawo podziwa kuti ndi zabwino kwa iwo. Ngati mbalame imasungidwa kunyumba, ndiye kuwonjezera pa chakudya choyenera cha mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe, chakudya china chimafunikanso.
Rosella ayenera kupatsidwa kanyumba tchizi, mazira owiritsa, chifukwa mankhwalawa ndi magwero abwino a calcium. Mbalame zimakonda nthochi, mapeyala owutsa zipatso ndi maapulo. Koma ndi mkate woyera muyenera kusamala. Ma Parrot amadya bwino, koma kuchuluka komwe kumadyedwa kuyenera kuchepetsedwa, chifukwa kumatha kuyambitsa kutentha m'mimba ndikukhala chifukwa choyezera rosella.
Ndikofunika kuti muchepetse rosella m'madzi. Mosiyana ndi mbalame zazing'ono, mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe sizingathe kukhala zopanda madzi kwa masiku angapo ndipo zimayenera kukhala ndi madzi akumwa abwino okhaokha.
Tsopano mukudziwa momwe mungasamalire komanso momwe mungadyetse Rosella. Tiyeni tiwone momwe mbalamezi zimapulumukira kutchire.
Makhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Mbalame Rosella
Roselles amaphunzitsa mbalame kukhala limodzi m'magulu ang'onoang'ono a 20-30. Mbalame ndizosangalatsa komanso zosangalatsa, zimasinthasintha msanga momwe zimasinthira ndipo zimatha kukhala pafupi ndi anthu. Ma Rosell ndi anzeru mokwanira, osamala komanso amatha kuwongolera zochita.
Mbalame zimakhala limodzi usana ndi usiku pamodzi. Mbalame zimaulukanso m'magulu akuluakulu kuti zikapeze chakudya. Pokhapokha nthawi yogona pomwe mbalame zimasokoneza pakati pawo, koma zimakhalabe moyandikana. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti zisa za 2-3 za mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe zimayikidwa pamalo okwera ma mita angapo.
Rosella amamanga zisa pakati pa nthambi zamitengo pamtunda wa mamita 5-7 pamwamba pa nthaka. Nthawi zambiri, mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe zimakhala m'mapanga kapena m'mabowo a kalulu aulere pansi. Ngakhale kuthengo, mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe zimakhala m'magulu, kunyumba zimasinthasintha moyo wokha, zimayanjana ndi anthu ndipo zimatha kuphunzira kukhala pamapewa awo.
Mbalame yamtunduwu imatha kuphunzira mawu ochepa, koma mofunitsitsa komanso mwachangu, rosellas amaloweza pamtima mobwerezabwereza mawu amawu ndi nyimbo zosavuta kumva zomwe amamva kangapo patsiku. Pali zochitika pomwe Rosells adatsanzira mwaluso phokoso la injini yoyendetsa kapena ringtone pa foni yam'manja.
Kakhalidwe ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Mwamuna Rosella
Nthawi yokhalira mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe imapezeka mu Okutobala-Novembala. Munthawi imeneyi, tchire la Australia lili ndi madzi okwanira mbalame kuti ziswane popanda kuwopa chilala chadzidzidzi. Yaimuna imasamalira zogwira mkazi. Amavina mating, amatulutsa nthenga zake ndikupanga ma trill osangalatsa.
Komanso, chachimuna chimapatsa chachikazi chithandizo (tomwe nthawi zambiri timagwidwa ndi tizilombo), ndipo ngati ilandila zoperekazo, mitundu iwiri yolimba. Onse makolo akuchita nawo ntchito yomanga chisa. Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, chisa chimakonzedwa osati pakati pa nthambi za mtengo zokha, komanso m'mabowo, ngakhale m'mabowo.
Pomanga, timagulu touma ndi timagulu taudzu timagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo kuchokera mkati mwa chisa mumakhala ndi fluff, moss ndi nthenga. Monga lamulo, mazira 4-8 amawonekera mchisa, ndipo kuchuluka kwawo kumadalira osati kokha kubereka kwazimayi, komanso nyengo. Pali mazira ochepa mchaka chouma kuposa chaka chamvula.
Zimatenga masiku 25 kuti zitsatire mazirawo, pambuyo pake anapiyewo amawoneka okutidwa ndi mdima wandiweyani. Patangotha mwezi umodzi, anapiyewo amachoka pachisa, koma kwa milungu ingapo amakhala ndi makolo awo ndikuphunzira sayansi ya moyo pagulu lalikulu.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti: Nthawi zonse pamene mazira amakula komanso anapiye akukula, ndi yamphongo yokhayo yomwe imagwira ntchito yosaka nyama. Kwa miyezi iwiri amadyetsa zonse zazimuna ndi zazikazi. Munthawi imeneyi, amuna a Rosella amachita mwakhama kugwira tizilombo ndipo nthawi zambiri, kulemera kwa nyama tsiku lililonse ndikofanana ndi mbalameyo.
Ma Parrot amakula msinkhu pakadutsa miyezi 15, pambuyo pake amatha kupanga awiri ndikubereka ana atsopano.
Adani achilengedwe a Rosella
Chithunzi: Kodi Rosella amawoneka bwanji
Kumtchire, Rosella ali ndi adani ambiri. Izi ndichifukwa choti mbalameyi siyimatha kuyenda maulendo ataliatali ndipo sikumva bwino mlengalenga. Vutoli limawonjezekanso chifukwa chakuti rosella nthawi zambiri amakhala m'mabowo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chisa chikhale kwa olusa omwe amakhala pamtunda. Zilombo zamapiko ndizoopsa kwambiri kwa rosella. Kawirikawiri mbalameyi imakonda kudya akamba, amene savuta kugwira nyama zawo zosalongosoka.
Komabe, adani akulu a mbalameyi amatha kuganiziridwa motere:
- njoka zazikulu zodya;
- abuluzi;
- Zowononga mapiko.
Zisa zomwe zimawopsezedwa kwambiri zimakhala pansi kapena mumtengo pamalo otsika kwambiri. Sikovuta kuti njoka zikwere kutalika kwa mita zingapo ndikudya mazira kapena anapiye. Nawonso abuluzi amangofikira zisa za rosella, zomwe ndizitali kwambiri kuposa mamitala angapo.
Ngakhale amphaka oweta akhoza kukhala oopsa. Amphaka amatha kugwira munthu wamkulu osadzimvera ndipo samadzikana okha chisangalalo chowononga zowalamulira kapena kudya ndi anapiye. Koma zochita za anthu sizimakwiyitsa mbalame.
Ngakhale nyumba za anthu zimayandikira malo okhala mbalame, mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe sizichita manyazi ngakhale pang'ono ndi izi. Si zachilendo kuti rosellas azikhala m'mapaki ndi minda ya zipatso, mita zochepa kuchokera m'nyumba zanyumba.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Chithunzi: Rosella
Ziyenera kunenedwa nthawi yomweyo kuti rosella, monga mtundu wa mbalame, siili pachiwopsezo. Ku Australia, uwu ndi umodzi mwamitundu yodziwika kwambiri ya mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe ndipo ngakhale zochita zamphamvu za anthu sizimabweretsa mavuto kwa mbalame.
Pakadali pano ku Australia kuli mbalame zotchedwa parrot pafupifupi 500,000 zamtunduwu, zomwe zimakonda pafupifupi kontinenti yonse, kupatula madera ouma kwambiri. Pazifukwa zabwino, rosellas amatha kubereka ana awiri pachaka, zomwe zimachepetsa kutha kwawo mpaka zero. Pafupifupi mbalame zikwi zina zikwi zambiri zimakhala kuzilumba za Tasman, zomwe nzika zake zimasungidwa mulingo womwewo.
Pakhala pali kuyesera kangapo kuti amasule mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe ku California ndi Florida, koma mbalame zalephera kupanga anthu ambiri kumeneko. Malinga ndi asayansi, mu 2017, ma rosellas opitilira masauzande ochepa amakhala ku United States, ndipo kuchuluka kwawo sikukuwonjezeka. Asayansi amati izi zidachitika chifukwa cha chakudya chachilendo komanso mpikisano waukulu ndi mbalame zina.
Kuphatikiza apo, mbalame zambiri zimakhala m'malo osungira nyama padziko lonse lapansi ngakhale m'nyumba za okonda mbalame. Ndipo ngakhale Rosellas ali wosankha posankha awiriawiri, kuwabereka mu ukapolo sikovuta. Pakakhala chiwopsezo kwa anthu, zitheka kuti abwezeretse mwachangu, kuchotsa kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe ali m'ndende.
Rosella - Parrot wokongola komanso wanzeru. Mbalame zimawoneka zogwirizana mofananamo m'malo awo achilengedwe komanso mu khola lalikulu kunyumba. Mbalamezi zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kusinthasintha kwakukulu, chikhalidwe cha phlegmatic komanso luntha lalikulu. Ndi kuleza mtima koyenera, atha kuphunzitsidwa kukhala paphewa ndikutsatira munthuyo.
Tsiku lofalitsidwa: September 17, 2019
Tsiku losinthidwa: 09/10/2019 pa 17:59
