Percheron - chimphona chenicheni cha dziko lokwera pamahatchi. Akavalo olimba ndi amphamvuwa samalandidwa chisomo chomwe adalandira kuchokera kumitundu yakum'mawa yamahatchi. Ndi kukula kwawo kodabwitsa, ali ndi mawonekedwe odekha, chifukwa chomwe anthu amapeza chilankhulo chofanana ndi mahatchiwa.
Chiyambi cha mitundu ndi kufotokozera
Chithunzi: Percheron
Percheron ndi mtundu wamahatchi olemera omwe amawetedwa ku France kale m'zaka za zana la 18. Chochititsa chidwi ndi mahatchi awa ndikuti amaweta powoloka mitundu yokongola ya Arabia ndi akavalo okhala ndi mahatchi olemera. Percheron ndi kavalo wokhala ndi mphamvu zazikulu komanso chisomo chobisika.
Akavalo amenewa adatchulidwa kuchokera kudera la Perche, lomwe lili kumwera kwa Seine River. Kumeneku mahatchi amenewa anali kuweta ndipo makamaka amaweta kumeneko. Mtunduwo udasinthidwa chifukwa chofunikira mahatchi olimba omwe amatha kutumiza makalata ndikunyamula anthu.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti: Pali mtundu womwe ma Percherons oyamba adapangidwira makamaka ma Knights ovala zovala zolemera. Agile, koma akavalo olimba adatsagana ndi ankhondo omenyera nkhondo.
Percheron amatha kutchedwa mtundu womwe sunapangidwe mwadala. Mahatchi ochokera ku Arabia omwe amalowetsedwa kunja adalumikizidwa momasuka ndi mahatchi osakanikirana, koma chifukwa chaching'ono, mtunduwo udapeza zinthu zapadera monga Constitution yayikulu, kukula kwambiri, kufanana kwa mitundu ndi mawonekedwe.
Kanema: Percheron
Achifalansa amasiyanitsa mitundu itatu yamtunduwu:
- zikuluzikulu zazikuluzikulu - zazikulu kwambiri, akavalo akuluakulu, amakonda kugwira ntchito molimbika;
- sing'anga - mtundu wofala kwambiri komanso woyenera;
- mahatchi ang'onoang'ono ndi mahatchi oyenereradi kulumpha ziwonetsero ndi zovala.
Ku USSR, ma Percherons adafalikira nthawi yankhondo. Mu 1941 adasamaliridwa ku nazale yoswana mahatchi mdera la Voronezh. Akavalo amenewa ankagwiritsidwa ntchito pankhondo, chifukwa anali osavuta kuthana ndi zopinga zomwe zinali zovuta kudutsa mgalimoto kapena wapansi. Chifukwa cha kufatsa kwawo, akavalo anali ovuta kuwanyamula.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Kodi Percheron amawoneka bwanji
Percherons amasiyanitsidwa ndi mphamvu zawo, koma nthawi yomweyo, chisomo. Awa ndi mahatchi akuluakulu mpaka 162 cm, pomwe amafota. M'chifuwa mwawo muli pafupifupi 200 cm, koma ndi kukula kwake akavalo samawoneka olemera. Masuti osiyanasiyana ndi ochepa: nthawi zambiri awa ndi mahatchi akuda kapena akuda, kangapo - ofiira ndi kubangula.
Mahatchi akuda okhala ndi maapulo amapezeka nthawi zambiri. Mutu ndi wocheperako, koma ndi chipumi chachikulu komanso chachikulu, maso akulu ndi makutu atali. Mphuno ndiyofewa pang'ono, mphuno zake ndizotakata kwambiri.
Khosi la a Percherons ndi lolimba komanso lotakata, la kutalika kwapakati, koma chifukwa chakukhazikika kumawoneka kokongola. Magalimoto ena olemera omwe ali ndi magawo omwewo amawoneka olemera kwambiri komanso okulirapo. Mane ndi mchira wa ma Percherons amakula motalika komanso makulidwe, koma tsitsi lolimba silimakangana.
Thupi lamphamvu lalitali lokhala ndi chopindika chowongoka, limakweza amafota. Msana wamfupi, waminyewa wakhazikitsidwa m'njira yoti akavalo azitha kupirira mosavuta onse okwera komanso ngolo zazitali. Chifukwa cha msana woterewu, mahatchi amadziwika ndi kusunthika kwawo.
Chifuwa cha Percherons ndi chakuya komanso chachikulu. Miyendo ndi yamphamvu kwambiri komanso yayitali, koma ndimasamba ofupikitsa komanso olimba kwambiri. Malowa ndi olimba kwambiri komanso owuma, omwe amalola mahatchi kukhala olimba.
Tsopano mukudziwa momwe chowonera chimayang'ana. Tiyeni tiwone kumene akavalo akuluakulu amakhala.
Kodi Percheron amakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Percheron ku Russia
Ma Percherons si akavalo amtchire, chifukwa chake amangokhala m'makola ndi mafakitale, momwe anthu oyenerera amawaberekera. Ku Russia, famu ya Khrenovsky yomwe idasungidwa idachita mbali yayikulu pakubzala mtunduwu kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 19. Oimira abwino kwambiri amitundu yawo adabweretsedwa kumeneko kuchokera ku France.
Mpaka 2011, ma Percherons adabadwira ku fakitale ku Ulyanovsk. Chomeracho chidatha mu 2011, ndichifukwa chake akavalo adayamba kugulitsidwa kwambiri kuti alipire ngongole. Tsoka ilo, sikuti akavalo onse oyera anali m'manja mwa eni mahatchi, motero kuthekera kwa mtunduwu ku Russia kunatayika.
Zimadziwikanso kuti minda yamafamu m'mizinda yotsatirayi idathandizira nawo kuswana kwa Percherons ku Russia:
- Tambov;
- Voronezh;
- Zamgululi
Chifukwa cha kuyanjana kwa oweta, ma Percherons adalandira mikhalidwe yabwino kwambiri, ikusintha pang'ono pamachitidwe a mtunduwo. Tithokoze kwa obereketsa am'deralo, Russian Percheron imasiyanitsidwa ndi kupirira kwakukulu ndi thupi lokulirapo. Ngati mafakitale oswana a mtunduwo sanatsekedwe, ndiye kuti akavalo angakhale olimba kwambiri.
Masiku ano, ma Percherons amangokhala ndi oweta okha. Akavalo amasungidwa m'malo azinyalala ndi ma khola. Ndikofunikira kutulutsa ma Percherons oyenda tsiku ndi tsiku pokonza - iyi ndi njira yabwino yopewera matenda amisempha. Percheron imafuna malo ambiri. Tsoka ilo, zomwe zili mwa anthu, osati za akatswiri obereketsa, zimakhudza mtundu wa mtunduwu ndi kuchuluka kwake.
Kodi Percheron amadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Black Percheron
Akavalo onse omwe amapikisana kapena kuweta ziweto zawo amakhala ndi zakudya zinazake. Mahatchi akulu ngati ma Percherons amafunikira chakudya chosiyana chomwe chingakhale chokhutiritsa komanso chopatsa thanzi.
Chakudya cha Percheron chagawika m'magulu atatu:
- yowutsa mudyo. Mtundu uwu umaphatikizapo udzu, udzu, mizu yamasamba ndi masamba. Izi ndi zakudya za nyengo zomwe mahatchi amayenera kukhala nazo zambiri nthawi yachilimwe. Poterepa, ndikofunikira kuti udzu ulibe mankhwala, ndipo masamba sakuwonongeka. Ma Percherons amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mtundu wa chakudya chokoma;
- wamwano. Udzu, udzu, mapiritsi audzu ndi ufa. Izi ndi zakudya zowuma zomwe nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo chimanga. Ndiopatsa thanzi kwambiri, amalola akavalo kukhala olimba komanso athanzi. Roughage ndiye gawo lalikulu la zakudya za Percheron, zomwe zimafunikira mphamvu zambiri tsiku lililonse;
- zolimbikira. Zakudya zothinikizidwa, zomwe zimakhala ndimaphala - oats, balere, chinangwa, chimanga, chakudya chamagulu. Zakudyazi ziyenera kuchepetsedwa pazakudya za kavalo pokhapokha akavalo atapikisana. Ma Percherons amafunikira chakudya chamtunduwu chifukwa amakhalanso ndi mphamvu.
Ma Percherons amafunikiranso kupeza madzi nthawi zonse. Mahatchi nthawi zambiri amathiriridwa, koma Percheron nthawi zonse amakhala ndi madzi mumkhola mwake. Kuchuluka kwa chakudya tsiku lililonse kuyenera kuwerengedwa ndi katswiri yemwe angaganizire zakugonana, msinkhu ndi kukula kwa kavalo, komanso zochitika zolimbitsa thupi.
Makhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: White Percheron
Obereketsa amakhulupirira kuti kukwera mahatchi kumachedwetsa, kumakhala bata ndipo kumatenga nthawi yayitali kuti aphunzitse. Izi zimachitika makamaka chifukwa cha kukula kwake, komwe kunapezeka kudzera pakuwoloka kwa nthawi yayitali - anthu adapanga kavalo wamphamvu kwambiri, koma osati wanzeru.
Izi sizinakhudze ma Percherons. Akavalo amtunduwu amakhala odekha, odekha komanso odekha - amatha kukhala odekha ndi okwera osadziwa zambiri. Komabe, akavalo nawonso ndi anzeru ndipo amaphunzira mwachangu. Kuphatikiza apo, a Percherons amatenga maphunziro ambiri ngati masewera. Amasangalala kukwera pansi pa chishalo, potenga zopinga zazing'ono ndikuphunzira zovala.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti: Ngakhale ali ndi kukula kwakukulu, ma Percherons ndi amodzi mwamitundu yabwino kwambiri yogwira ntchito ndi ana.
Percherons ndi akavalo odziyimira pawokha. Amachita mwachangu ndipo amatha kupeza mayankho olondola pakagwa zovuta. Mwachitsanzo, nthawi zina mahatchiwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi apolisi okwera ku France: chifukwa chokhala bata komanso anzeru, mahatchiwa ndiofunikira pakuyenda m'misewu.
Mosiyana ndi akavalo ena ambiri, ma Percherons ndiwodzichepetsa kwambiri. Sifunikira zochitika zapadera zakusungidwa komanso njira yapadera yophunzitsira - oyang'anira malowa ndi oyenera ngati akavalo oyamba kumene.
Akavalo amaphunzira mwachangu, amalimbitsa luso lawo ndikumvetsetsa wokwera. Percheron amatha kulima pansi ndikuchita bwalo lamasewera. Amachitiranso mahatchi ena modekha, popanda mpikisano komanso nsanje.
Kakhalidwe ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Horse Percheron
Kubereketsa ma Percherons mkati mwa mtunduwo kumayang'aniridwa ndi woweta. Ng'ombe yamphongo ikakhala yotentha, woweta amasankha kavalo wokhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino. Pambuyo podziwana kwakanthawi, kavalo amabisa mahatchi, pambuyo pake mimba imayamba.
Mimba imatenga miyezi 11 ndipo, monga lamulo, imangopita popanda zovuta - Mawere a Percheron ndi akavalo athanzi komanso olimba. Nthawi zambiri, mwana wamphongo mmodzi amabadwa, osachepera kawiri. Achifwamba amayimilira mwachangu ndikukhala ndi thupi lamphamvu.
Zimagwira ngati ana amitundu ina. Ngati woweta amasunga mwana wamkazi wa ng'ombe ndi gulu, ndiye kuti kwa milungu yoyambirira ng'ombe yamphongo imasiyidwa ndi mahatchi ena mpaka mbidziyo itakhala yolimba. Pambuyo pake, amabweretsa mwana wake ng'ombe, komwe amadziwana ndi mahatchi ena onse ndikuphunzira malamulo amakhalidwe abwino.
Achibwana amakhala otsika kwambiri pagulu la ziweto, koma amayi awo amawateteza mwansanje ndipo samakhumudwitsa ena, mahatchi apamwamba. Mbalame za Percheron zimakhwima mochedwa - nthawi yaubwana imatha mpaka zaka ziwiri, ndipo pokhapokha atatha kuyambiranso akavalo mozama.
Ana a Percheron amafunikira chakudya chopatsa thanzi komanso choyenera, maulendo angapo komanso mpweya wabwino. Ngakhale m'nyengo yozizira, amafunika kupita nawo ku levada kuti athe kuthamanga ndikukula minofu yawo. Apo ayi, pali chiopsezo chotenga kavalo wofooka wodwala. Amphaka ndiosavuta kuphunzitsa, amakhala ndi bata, koma osataya chidwi komanso kusewera. Chifukwa cha ichi, anthu sapeza chilankhulo chofanana ndi ana amtunduwu.
Adani achilengedwe a Percheron
Chithunzi: Kodi Percheron amawoneka bwanji
Ma Percherons sanapezeke kuthengo, chifukwa chake, alibe mdani weniweni. Ngakhale akavalo amenewa atakhala kuti athawa mwamphamvu nthawi zina, sakanapeza adani oti amatha kusaka nyama zikuluzikulu zoterezi. Kuphatikiza apo, ma Percherons ndi othamanga, olimba komanso anzeru, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala amodzi mwa akavalo akutchire otukuka kwambiri.
Percherons ndi akavalo athanzi kwambiri komanso olimba. Chifukwa cha kusankha kosalamulirika, adapeza matenda ochepera omwe amapezeka mumtunduwu. Kuphatikiza kwamakhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe amthupi kumapangitsa ma Percherons amodzi mwamitundu yamahatchi yoyenerera kwambiri padziko lapansi.
Komabe, pali matenda angapo omwe angachitike ku Percherons osasamalira mokwanira:
- akavalo osapatsidwa thanzi amatha kukhala ndi vuto lamatenda;
- eczema, bum, nthomba, nkhanambo, nkhanambo zimatha kuwonekera ku Percherons, zomwe zimasungidwa m'malo osayenera. Nthawi zambiri kumakhala chinyezi kapena kuwuma kwambiri kwa nyengo. Akhozanso kudwala matendawa ngati eni ake samakongoletsa kavalo;
- matenda omwe amapezeka mosavomerezeka pamahatchi pakalibe katemera woyenera komanso mikhalidwe yosayenera ya ndende: anthrax, chiwewe, tetanus, chifuwa chachikulu, laminitis, zipere, chimfine, chimfine, mphere;
- Ma Percherons amatha kutupa m'matumba ngati atagwira ntchito movutikira ndipo osapeza ziboda zofunikira.
Koma ngakhale pansi pazikhalidwe zabwino kwambiri zosunga, ma Percherons, monga lamulo, amadziwika ndi thanzi labwino komanso kusapezeka kwathunthu kwa matenda. Matenda amapezeka nthawi zambiri okalamba kapena akavalo okhala ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Chithunzi: Percherons
Ma Percherons pang'onopang'ono akuchira kuchuluka kwa anthu chifukwa cha obereketsa anzawo, ngakhale kulibenso chitsimikizo cha kuyeretsa kwa mitundu. Kuphatikiza apo, ma Percherons si mtundu wodziwika bwino woswana, chifukwa oweta okha amayang'ana kwambiri kutchuka kwa mitundu yomwe imagulitsidwa - ndipo mahatchi opepuka oyenda amagulitsidwa. Percheron, kutengera mtundu wam'badwo, zaka, jenda, thanzi komanso masewera othamanga, zitha kulipira madola zikwi ziwiri mpaka khumi.
Masiku ano, ma percheron amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama pamasewera apadziko lonse lapansi. Chifukwa cha kufatsa kwawo komanso mawonekedwe awo okongola, amawoneka bwino pasiteji ndipo ndi otchuka pakati pa omvera. Mwachitsanzo, ku Russia, wojambula wotchuka kwambiri wotchedwa Pompey, yemwe amachita ndi mphunzitsi Yana Shanikova.
Mpikisano wa Percheron siwofalikira ku Russia, koma umachitika kwambiri m'maiko aku Europe. Ma Percherons amachita makamaka m'matumba ndi m'galimoto, kuwonetsa chidwi kwa woyendetsa galimotoyo, komanso kuwonetsa mgwirizano pagulu. Kuphatikiza apo, pali mpikisano komwe ma Percherons akukwera mahatchi.
Percheron - kavalo wodabwitsa, kuphatikiza mphamvu, mphamvu, chisomo, malingaliro akuthwa komanso mawonekedwe osinthasintha. Tsoka ilo, kuswana kwa mahatchi awa kwayimitsidwa mpaka pano ndipo udindo wonse wamtunduwu umakhala m'mapewa a oweta payekha. Komabe, chifukwa cha thanzi lake labwino, mtundu uwu ukupitilizabe, pang'onopang'ono ukubwezeretsa anthu.
Tsiku lofalitsa: 09/24/2019
Tsiku losinthidwa: 27.08.2019 pa 0:31
