Nsomba ya makerele

Nsomba ya makerele - nsomba, yomwe nthawi zambiri imatchedwa mackerel. Ngakhale kuti iwo ndi a banja limodzi, oimira awiriwa a zinyama ndi osiyana kwambiri. Kusiyana kumafotokozedwa kukula, mawonekedwe, ndi machitidwe.

Chiyambi cha mitundu ndi kufotokozera

Chithunzi: Mackerel

Mackerel (Scomberomorus) ndi woimira gulu la mackerel. Gulu ili lili ndi mitundu yoposa 50 ya nsomba. Zina mwazo ndi tuna, mackerel, mackerel wodziwika kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Nsomba zonse zili m'kalasi yopangidwa ndi ray. Oimira ake amapezeka padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo gululo palokha limawerengedwa kuti ndilochulukirapo kwambiri potengera mtundu ndi mitundu ya zamoyo.

Kanema: Mackerel

Mitundu ya mackerels iyi ndi ya mtundu wina wa Scomberomorus:

• Australia (burodibandi). Amapezeka m'malo omwe mitsinje imadutsa munyanja. Dera lalikulu ndi malo osungira nyanja ya Indian Ocean;
• mfumukazi. Habitat - madzi otentha a Indian Ocean komanso pakati komanso kumwera chakumadzulo kwa Pacific Ocean;
• Chimalagasi (multiband). Amakhala kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa nyanja ya Atlantic, komanso m'madzi akumadzulo a Indian Ocean;
• Chijapani (chowoneka bwino). Nsomba zotere zimakhala makamaka kumadera akumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Pacific Ocean;
• Australia (wowoneka). Amapezeka m'madzi akum'mawa a Indian Ocean, komanso kumadzulo kwa Pacific Ocean;
• Papapu. Amakhala pakatikati chakumadzulo kwamadzi a Pacific Ocean;
• Chisipanishi (chowonekera). Amapezeka m'nyanja ya Atlantic (kumpoto chakumadzulo ndi pakati kumadzulo);
• Korea. Amapezeka m'nyanja za Indian ndi Pacific (madzi ake akumpoto chakumadzulo) m'nyanja;
• kotenga mizere yayitali. Amakhala kunyanja ya Indian, komanso m'madzi apakati-kumadzulo kwa Pacific;
• bonito wowoneka bwino. Habitat - Kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Pacific Ocean, Indian Ocean;
• monochrome (waku California). Amapezeka m'madzi apakati-kum'mawa kwa Pacific Ocean;
• mikwingwirima yachifumu. Habitat - madzi akumadzulo a Pacific, komanso madera otentha a Indian Ocean;
• zachifumu. Amapezeka m'madzi a Nyanja ya Atlantic;
• wachibrazil. Amapezekanso munyanja ya Atlantic.

Nsomba zimasiyana osati m'malo awo (nyanja), komanso mozama. Mwachitsanzo, kuya kwake komwe mackerel waku Spain amapezeka sikudutsa mita 35-40. Nthawi yomweyo, anthu aku Malagay amapezeka pamtunda wamamita 200 kuchokera pamwamba pamadzi. Kunja, mackerels onse ndi ofanana. Kusiyana kocheperako kumalumikizidwa ndi malo okhala.

Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe

Chithunzi: Mbalame ya mackerel imawoneka bwanji

Mukuganizabe kuti mackerel ndi mackerel amafanana? Izi sizomwe zili choncho.

Zochitika zapadera za mackerel ndi awa:

• miyeso. Ma Pisces amakhala akuluakulu kuposa anzawo am'kalasi. Thupi lawo ndilotalika ndipo limakhala ndi mawonekedwe a fusiform. Mchira ndi wowonda;
• mutu. Mosiyana ndi nsombazi, mackerels amakhala ndi mutu wamfupi komanso wakuthwa;
• nsagwada. Mackerels ali ndi nsagwada zamphamvu. Chilengedwe chawapatsa mano amphamvu ndi akulu amphongo atatu, chifukwa chomwe amasaka nsomba;
• mtundu. Mbali yaikulu ya mackerel ndi kupezeka kwa mawanga. Komanso kutalika kwa mikwingwirima yayitali kuposa kutalika kwa mackerels. Thupi lenilenilo lajambulidwa ndi mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira.

Oimira mkalasi iyi amatha kutalika kwa masentimita 60 (komanso kupitilira apo). Nsombazi ndi zonenepa kwambiri.

Chosangalatsa: Mbalame zazing'onozing'ono sizikhala zazikulu kuposa mackerels. Komabe, sagwidwa ndi anglers. Izi ndichifukwa chakuchuluka kwa mitunduyi - palibe chifukwa chogwirira ana ang'onoang'ono.

Mackerel imakhalanso ndi zipsepse ziwiri zakuthambo komanso zipsepse zazing'ono. Zipsepse za m'chiuno zimapezeka pafupi ndi chifuwa. Mchira ndi wokulirapo, wosiyana ndi mawonekedwe. Masikelo a oimira mackerel ndi ochepa kwambiri ndipo pafupifupi sawoneka. Kukula kwa masikelo kumawonjezeka kumutu. Chofunikira kwambiri mwa nsombazi ndi mphete ya mafupa yozungulira maso (monga momwe amaimira onse mkalasi).

Kodi nsomba ya mackerel imakhala kuti?

Chithunzi: Nsomba za Mackerel

Malo okhala ngati mackerel ndi osiyanasiyana.

Muli nsomba m'madzi:

• Nyanja ya Indian ndi nyanja yachitatu yayikulu kwambiri padziko lapansi. Imatsuka Asia, Africa, Australia, komanso malire ku Antarctica. Komabe, mackerel amapezeka m'madzi a Australia ndi Asia okha. Apa amakhala mozama mamita 100;
• Nyanja ya Pacific ndiye nyanja yoyamba m'derali, ikutambasula madzi ake pakati pa Australia, Eurasia, Antarctica ndi America (Kumpoto ndi Kummwera). Mackerels amapezeka kumadzulo, kumwera chakumadzulo, kumpoto chakumadzulo, komanso kum'mawa kwa nyanja. Kukula kwapakati pazikhala izi ndi mamita 150;
• Nyanja ya Atlantic ndiye nyanja yachiwiri yayikulu kwambiri padziko lapansi. Ili pakati pa Spain, Africa, Europe, Greenland, Antarctica, America (Kumpoto ndi Kummwera). Kwa mackerel wamoyo sankhani kumadzulo, kumpoto chakumadzulo, kumwera chakum'mawa; Mtunda woyandikira kuchokera pamwamba pamadzi kupita kumalo okhala nsomba ndi 200 mita.

Oimira gulu la Scomberomorus amakhala omasuka m'madzi otentha, otentha, ozizira. Sakonda malo osungira ozizira, omwe amafotokozera malo oterewa. Mutha kukumana ndi mackerel kuchokera ku Saint Helena, gombe la US, ku Persian Gulf, Suez Canal ndi ena ambiri. Dera lililonse lili ndi mitundu yakeyake.

Tsopano mukudziwa komwe nsomba ya mackerel imapezeka. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe nsomba zolusa zimadya.

Kodi makerele amadya chiyani?

Chithunzi: King mackerel

Mamembala onse a mackerel ndi nyama zolusa mwachilengedwe. Chifukwa cha madzi achonde m'nyanja zikuluzikulu, nsomba siziyenera kufa ndi njala. Zakudya zawo ndizosiyanasiyana.

Kuphatikiza apo, zigawo zake zazikulu ndi izi:

• Nsombazi ndi nsomba zazing'ono zomwe zimadya banja la eel. Kunja, amafanana ndi njoka zoonda. Amabisa theka la mchenga, nkudzibisa ngati ndere. Amawerengedwa kuti ndi nyama yosavuta ya mackerels, chifukwa nthawi zambiri nsomba zimayikidwa m'manda, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti sizingathe kubisala kwa adani awo;
• cephalopods ndi nthumwi za ma molluscs omwe amadziwika bwino mothandizana komanso ambiri (8-10) a mahema omwe ali mozungulira mutu. Gulu ili limaphatikizapo octopus, cuttlefish, ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya squid. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, si onse oimira mollusks omwe akuphatikizidwa mu zakudya za mackerels, koma ndi anthu ochepa okha;
• crustaceans ndi nyamakazi zokutidwa ndi zipolopolo. Shrimp ndi crayfish ndizomwe amakonda kwambiri "mackerel". Amadyetsa nsomba ndi mamembala ena mkalasi;
• nsomba za m'mphepete mwa nyanja - nsomba zomwe zimakhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Zokonda za mackerel zimaperekedwa ku mitundu ya hering'i, yomwe imaphatikizidwanso m'kalasi yopangidwa ndi ray, komanso mwachangu mwa anthu ena.

Mackerels samawona zakudya zapadera. Mbali yawo yokhayo pankhaniyi ndi kukana pafupifupi chakudya chonse m'nyengo yozizira. Nsombazi zimakhala ndi nkhokwe zokwanira zomwe zimadzisamalira m'miyezi yotentha. M'nyengo yozizira, nthumwi za mackerel, zimangoyenda pang'ono ndikukhala moyo wongokhala. Mackerel shoals amasaka. Amagwirizana m'magulu akulu, amapanga mtundu wa kapu, momwe amayendetsa nsomba zazing'ono. Wovutikayo atagwidwa, sukulu yonse imayamba kukwera pang'onopang'ono pamwamba pamadzi, pomwe njira yodyera yokha imachitikira.

Chosangalatsa: Mackerels ndi osusuka kwambiri kotero kuti amawona nyama zomwe angathe kugwidwa mu chilichonse. Chifukwa cha izi, mutha kuwapeza pachikopa chopanda kanthu zigawo zina.

Chifukwa chake, mackerel onse amadyetsedwa. Mutha kuwona komwe kuli ma mackerels akutali. Ma dolphin nthawi zambiri amasambira mozungulira sukulu yanjala, ndipo mbalame za m'nyanja nawonso zimauluka.

Makhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe

Chithunzi: Blue mackerel

Mackerels ndi nsomba zodziwika bwino zomwe zimapezeka m'malo ambiri m'nyanja zikuluzikulu zoyambirira. Amasambira m'nyanja (kuphatikiza Nyanja Yakuda). Amapezeka osati kuzama kwenikweni, komanso kufupi ndi gombe. Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi asodzi ambiri omwe amagwira nyama ndi ndodo. Oimira mackerel onse ndi amtundu wa nsomba zosamukasamuka. Amakonda kukhala m'madzi ofunda (kuyambira madigiri 8 mpaka 20). Pankhaniyi, pali kufunika kosintha malo okhala.

Izi sizikutanthauza anthu okhawo omwe amakhala m'madzi a Indian Ocean. Kutentha kwamadzi apa ndikoyenera kukhala chaka chonse. Mbalame zam'madzi za Atlantic zimasamukira ku Black Sea nyengo yachisanu, komanso m'madzi a m'mphepete mwa nyanja ku Europe. Panthaŵi imodzimodziyo, nsomba za mackerel sizikhala pagombe la Turkey nthawi yachisanu. Nthawi yachisanu, nsomba zimangokhala zopanda pake ndipo zimawonetsa kudyetsa. Iwo samadyetsa ndikusunga makamaka kutsetsereka kwa mashelufu aku Continental. Amayamba kubwerera kwawo "kumayiko obadwira" pakufika masika.

M'miyezi yotentha, mamembala a Scomberomorus ali achangu kwambiri. Samakhala pansi. Mackerels ndi osambira abwino kwambiri ndipo amakhala ndi chidaliro m'malo am'madzi. Chofunika kwambiri pakuyenda ndikuwongolera mozama ndikupewa mafunde. Kuthamanga kotsitsimuka kwa nsombayo ndi makilomita 20-30 pa ola limodzi. Nthawi yomweyo, pogwira nyama, nsombayo imatha kufikira makilomita 80 pa ola m'masekondi awiri okha (poponya). Mwina izi ndichifukwa chakupezeka kwa zipsepse zambiri zamitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Kuthamanga kwachangu kumakwaniritsidwa chifukwa cha kusowa kwa chikhodzodzo komanso mawonekedwe apadera owoneka bwino. Amayesetsa kugwira nsomba m'sukulu. Izi zili choncho chifukwa cha zilombo zambiri zomwe zimawasaka. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikosavuta kwambiri kumaliza nyama m'gulu. Mackerels amakhala okha kawirikawiri.

Kakhalidwe ndi kubereka

Chithunzi: Nsomba za Mackerel

Kukhoza kubereka ana kumawoneka mackerels kokha mchaka chachiwiri cha moyo. Kusamba kumachitika pachaka. Ndikotheka kufikira atakalamba kwambiri nsomba (zaka 18-20).

Nthawi yobereka imadalira zaka za mackerel:

• nsomba zazing'ono - kumapeto kwa Juni kapena koyambirira kwa Julayi;
• anthu okhwima - pakatikati pa masika (atabwerera kuchokera kuzizira).

Caviar amaponyedwa ndi ma mackerels m'magawo ena amphepete mwa dziwe. Izi zimachitika nthawi yonse yachilimwe-chilimwe. Nsomba ndi zachonde kwambiri ndipo zimatha kusiya mazira mpaka theka la miliyoni. Amawalota mozama kwambiri (mita 150-200). Kukula kwake koyamba kwa mazira sikupitilira millimeter. Dontho la mafuta limakhala chakudya cha ana atsopano, omwe amapatsidwa dzira lililonse. Mphutsi zoyamba zimawoneka patadutsa masiku 3-4 zitangobala. Kupanga mwachangu kumatenga kuyambira 1 mpaka 3 masabata. Nthawi yopanga nsomba zimatengera malo okhala, kutonthoza.

Chosangalatsa: Mukupanga kwawo, mackerel mphutsi zimatha kudyetsana. Izi ndichifukwa chokwiyitsa kwawo komanso kudya kwawo mopambanitsa.

Zotsatira zake mwachangu ndizochepa kukula. Kutalika kwawo sikupitilira masentimita angapo. Achinyamata a mackerel nthawi yomweyo amalumikizana m'magulu. Mackerel watsopano wophika amakula mwachangu kwambiri. Pambuyo pa miyezi ingapo (m'dzinja) zimaimira nsomba zazikulu kwambiri pafupifupi masentimita 30 kutalika. Pakufika pamiyeso yotero, kukula kwa mackerels wachinyamata kumachepa kwambiri.

Adani achilengedwe a mackerel

Chithunzi: Mbalame ya mackerel imawoneka bwanji

M'chilengedwe, mackerels ali ndi adani okwanira. Kusaka nsomba zamafuta kumachitika ndi:

• Anangumi ndi nyama zomwe zimangokhala m'madzi a m'nyanja. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwawo komanso matupi awo, ma cetacean amatha kumeza magulu komanso gulu la anyani nthawi imodzi. Ngakhale amatha kuyenda msanga, nthumwi za mackerel sizimatha kubisalira anamgumi;
• nsombazi ndi dolphin. Chodabwitsa ndichakuti, mbalame ya mackerel imasaka osati nyama zowopsa zokha zokha, komanso ma dolphin "opanda vuto". Mitundu yonse iwiri ya nsomba imasaka pakati pamadzi komanso pamtunda. Kufunafuna bwino nkhosa za mackerel ndikosowa. Ma dolphin ndi nsombazi amapezeka m'dera lokhala ndi mackerel mwangozi;
• nkhanu ndi mbalame zam'madzi. Mbalame zimatha kudya ndi mackerel nthawi imodzi - pamene iwowo amadya nkhomaliro pamwamba pamadzi. Mbalame ya makerele yomwe imadumphira pambuyo pa nyama zambiri nthawi zambiri imapatsa mphalapala kapena milomo yolimba ya nkhanu ndi ntchentche zomwe zimauluka;
• mikango yam'nyanja. Zinyama izi zimakhala zolimba kwambiri. Ayenera kugwira pafupifupi makilogalamu 20 a nsomba paulendo umodzi wosodza kuti adye okwanira. Pa chakudya chamadzulo chabwino, mackerels ndi abwino kwambiri, akuyenda pamadzi pagulu.

Kuphatikiza apo, munthu ndi mdani woopsa wa mackerel onse. Padziko lonse lapansi, pali mitundu yambiri ya anthu yomwe imagulitsidwa. Nyama ya nsomba ndi yotchuka chifukwa cha zothandiza komanso kukoma kwake. Kusaka nsomba kumachitika kuyambira koyambirira kwa masika mpaka nyengo yozizira. Mackerel imagwidwa yonse ndi ndodo yosodza ndi ukonde. Nsomba za mackerel zomwe zimapezeka pagombe ku Europe pafupifupi matani 55. Nsomba zamtunduwu zimaonedwa ngati zamalonda. Mackerel amaperekedwa m'masitolo onse okonzeka (kusuta / mchere) komanso kuzizira.

Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi

Chithunzi: Mackerel

Mackerel ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri wa mackerel womwe umakhala m'nyanja zitatu nthawi imodzi. Ambiri mwa anthuwa sangachepetse chiwerengero chawo. Nsombazi zimapangidwa makamaka ndi nsomba zazikulu. Chiwerengero chachikulu cha mwachangu chimakwirira makolo omwe agwidwa. M'malo awo achilengedwe, nsomba zimakhala zaka 20. Amabereka moyo wawo wonse (kuyambira zaka ziwiri). Ngakhale zili choncho, m'maiko ambiri, pofuna kuteteza, nsomba zazikuluzikulu siziloledwa. Nthawi yomweyo, kupota nsomba kuchokera m'mbali mwa nyanja kapena kuchokera pa bwato / yacht ndizosowa kwambiri.

Mitundu ina yokha ya mackerel yachepa kwambiri. Chimodzi mwazinthuzi ndi California (kapena monochrome) mackerel. Chifukwa cha kusodza kwakukulu ndikuwonongeka kwachilengedwe, oimira gululi ndi ochepa kwambiri kuposa ena onse. Pachifukwa ichi, mitunduyi idapatsidwa chiwopsezo. Komabe, nsomba iyi sinalembedwe mu Red Book. Osauka kwambiri ndi mackerel yachifumu, yomwe chiwerengero chawo chatsika kwambiri pazaka 10 zapitazi, chifukwa cha kupha nyama zambiri komanso chidwi cha asodzi kuti agwire nsomba zazikulu. Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa anthu amtunduwu, usodzi uletsedwa m'maiko ambiri. Oimira achifumuwo akuyang'aniridwa mwapadera ndi akatswiri a zoo.

Nsomba ya makerele ndi ma mackerels anzawo, ofanana nawo kokha mwazinthu zina. Nsombazi zimakhalanso zokolola zochuluka, koma sizimakwanitsa kubisala ndi ana atsopano. Pakadali pano, kuchuluka kwawo kwachepetsedwa, zomwe zikuwonetsa kufunikira kwakulamulira mwamphamvu ndikukana kuwapeza anthuwa m'malo onse okhala. Komabe, kukhazikitsa njira zotere sikungatheke posachedwa, chifukwa Mackerel ndi gawo limodzi mwa ntchito zosodza. Amalemekezedwa kwambiri m'misika yazinthu zawo zopindulitsa ndi kukoma.

Tsiku lofalitsa: 26.07.2019

Tsiku losintha: 09/29/2019 pa 21:01

Onerani kanemayo: Roasted Mackerel with Garlic and Paprika. Gordon Ramsay (July 2024).