Ladybug

ladybug aliyense amayanjana ndiubwana wopanda nkhawa. Zachidziwikire kuti palibe munthu yemwe samugwira dzanja lake kamodzi. Pali nyimbo zambiri zomwe zimaperekedwa kwa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe ana amawerenga nthawi zonse akalembera. Ena amaganiza kuti ndi chizindikiro cha mwayi, ena amamuwona ngati wothandizira polimbana ndi tizilombo todetsa nkhawa m'minda ndi minda yamasamba - zimamvera chisoni aliyense.

Chiyambi cha mitundu ndi kufotokozera

Chithunzi: Ladybug

Ladybug ndi tizilombo tomwe timadziwika bwino kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, nthumwi yoyang'anira kafadala komanso banja la ma ladybugs. Tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa tinatchedwa sayansi ya Coccinellidae chifukwa chofiira kwambiri. Chikumbu chimakhala pafupifupi kulikonse. Anthu amamutcha ladybug chifukwa chakumwa chakupha cha utoto woyera kapena "mkaka" womwe tizilombo timatulutsa kuti uopseze adani awo, koma Mulungu chifukwa adathandizira polimbana ndi nsabwe ndi tizirombo tina kuti tisunge zokolola, anali ofatsa, sanayambitse mavuto kwa anthu ...

Kanema: Ladybug

Ku Germany, Switzerland, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timatchedwa kachilombo ka Saint Mary, ku South America - kachilombo ka St. Anthony. Panali nthano zambiri zazing'onozi, adamuwuza kuthekera kwakuthambo.

Chosangalatsa: Ngakhale m'masiku akale, Asilavo amawona nyongolotsiyo ngati cholengedwa chakumwamba, mthenga wa dzuwa. Ichi ndichifukwa chake amatchedwanso "Dzuwa". Tizilomboto tinaletsedwa kuyendetsa kuti tisachite zolephera. Kachirombo kakang'ono kakuwulukira mnyumbamo kanabweretsa chisomo.

Pali mitundu yambiri ya ma ladybugs: banja lonse lili ndi mitundu yoposa zikwi zinayi, yomwe imagawidwa m'mabanja 7 ndi mibadwo 360. Ladybug amasiyana ndi ena oimira banja la Coccinellidae momwe amapangidwira miyendo yake. Kapangidwe ka aliyense wa iwo, atatu owoneka ndi gawo limodzi lobisika amadziwika, motero amawoneka ngati atatu.

Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe

Chithunzi: Ladybug mwachilengedwe

Kukula kwa ladybug kumakhala pakati pa 3.5 mpaka 10 mm. Mutu wa kachilomboka ndi kakang'ono komanso kosayima. Maso ndi akulu kwambiri, tinyanga tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono ta 8-11 timayenda bwino komanso timasinthasintha. Thupi la ladybug limakhala ndi pronotum, bere, awiriawiri atatu a miyendo yolimba, pamimba, ndi mapiko okhala ndi elytra. Prototum ya tizilombo ndiyosasunthika, nthawi zambiri ndimitundu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Kumbuwo limauluka pogwiritsa ntchito mapiko awiri akumbuyo, pomwe lakutsogolo, popanga chisinthiko, lidapangidwa kukhala elytra yolimba, yomwe tsopano ikuteteza ngati mapiko awiri ofewa. Si ma ladybug onse omwe ali ndi utoto wofiyira komanso madontho akuda kumbuyo.

Mwa kusiyanasiyana kwawo, mitundu yotsatirayi itha kusiyanitsidwa:

• mfundo ziwiri - cholakwika ndi kukula kwa thupi mpaka 5 mm. Ali ndi pronotum yakuda, ndipo mawanga awiri akulu akuda amakongoletsa elytra yofiira;
• mfundo zisanu ndi ziwiri - ili ndi kukula kwa 7-8 mm, kufalikira ku Europe konse. Pamsana pake wofiira, mawanga awiri oyera ndi 7 akuda amaonekera;
• mfundo khumi ndi ziwiri - kachilomboka kofiira kapena pinki kokhala ndi mawonekedwe otalika ndi mabala 12 wakuda;
• ndi madontho khumi ndi atatu - amadziwika ndi thupi lokhalitsa komanso lofiirira kapena lofiirira kumbuyo, mawanga amatha kulumikizana;
• mfundo khumi ndi zinayi - mawonekedwe a elytron, wachikaso kapena wakuda;
• mfundo khumi ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri - kukula kwake kwa tizilombo sikuposa 3.5 mm, kuli ndi msana wowala wachikaso wokhala ndi madontho akuda;
• buluu - amapezeka ku Australia kokha;
• ocellated - amasiyana ndi kukula kwakukulu kwa thupi mpaka 10 mm. Madontho onse akuda kumbuyo kwakatundu kofiira kapena kachikasu amapangidwa ndi timizere tozungulira;
• wopanda dontho - kukula kwawo sikupitilira 4.5 mm, ali ndi utoto wakuda wakumbuyo, thupi lawo limakutidwa ndi tsitsi labwino. Ndizosowa kwambiri m'chilengedwe.

Si mitundu yonse ya ladybug yomwe ili yopindulitsa kwa anthu. Alfalfa ndi kachilombo ka mitundu yambiri yaulimi. mbewu, imadya mphukira zazing'ono, zimawononga zokolola za beets, nkhaka ndi zina zotero. Bubuyo imasiyanitsidwa ndi kakang'ono kakang'ono mpaka 4 mm; ili ndi msana wofiira, wokutidwa ndi mfundo 24.

Kodi ladybug amakhala kuti?

Chithunzi: Ladybug ku Russia

Ladybug imapezeka pafupifupi konse, ngakhale kumadera akutali kwambiri padziko lapansi, kupatula kumpoto chakumpoto. Kutentha kokwanira kwa kachilomboka kumakhala madigiri 10 Celsius.

Kuti akhale ndi moyo amasankha:

• m'mbali mwa nkhalango;
• madambo ndi madera;
• minda ndi minda ya zipatso;
• amapezeka m'mapaki amzinda.

Ena mwa madonawa omwe amakhala ndi nyengo yozizira amawulukira kumadera akumwera kuti agone m'nyengo yozizira. Amawuluka kwambiri, nthawi yamvula kapena mphepo yamphamvu imagwa pansi ndikudikirira nyengo yoipa. Zimbalangondo zambiri zimafa paulendowu, makamaka ngati mwangozi agwera kapena agwera m'madzi omwe sangathenso kutulukamo. Nthawi zina mumatha kuwona m'mbali mwa mitsinje, yopaka utoto wofiyira chifukwa cha tizirombo tambiri takufa.

Gawo la mbalame zachikazi zomwe sizimachoka komwe amakhala kuti zizikhala m'dera lotentha zimasonkhana m'malo atawoneka ofiira kwambiri, omwe amatha kuwerengera anthu mamiliyoni ambiri. Amabisala m'malo obisika: pansi pa khungwa la mitengo, miyala, masamba, amapita kumalo okhala. Atakhala dzanzi, amakhala nthawi yonse yozizira ndipo amangokhala ndi kutentha koyamba.

Chosangalatsa: Ma ladybugs nthawi zonse amabisala m'malo amodzi, kenako ndikubwerera kudera komwe adachokera. Ngakhale achichepere amapeza njira yawo yozizira.

Kodi ladybug amadya chiyani?

Chithunzi: Ladybug Wodabwitsa

Ladybug ndi chilombo chenicheni pakati pa tizilombo. Chifukwa cha kapangidwe ka nsagwada zake komanso mawonekedwe am'magawo am'mimba, imatha kusaka tizilombo tina kenako nkukumba msanga. Pali mitundu yomwe imasankha zakudya zamasamba: mungu, nkhungu, maluwa ndi masamba.

Zakudya zamitundumitundu zimaphatikizapo:

• nsabwe za m'masamba zambiri;
• nthata za kangaude;
• mbozi;
• mbozi za tizilombo;
• mazira agulugufe;
• ena samanyoza ngakhale mphutsi za kachilomboka ka Colorado mbatata.

Ankhono amadya kwambiri, amakhala ndi njala nthawi zonse, makamaka mphutsi zawo. Munthu aliyense amatha kuwononga mphutsi zopitilira 100 za tsiku lililonse. Pokhala ndi maso akulu, tizilombo tikufunafuna chakudya timangogwiritsa ntchito kamvekedwe kokha.

Nyongolotsi sizisaka nyama zawo, koma pang'onopang'ono, zimayenda pang'onopang'ono masambawo kufunafuna chakudya, ndipo zikapeza nsabwe za nsabwe kapena gulu la mazira a tizirombo tambiri, zimakhazikika kwakanthawi kumalo ano kuti zidye mpaka zitaziwononga. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ladybug ndi mlendo wolandiridwa bwino pamunda uliwonse wamunthu, kuminda yazaulimi ndi mbewu, m'munda. Amakhala obadwira makamaka m'mabizinesi apadera kenako, mothandizidwa ndi ndege zantchito zaulimi, amagawidwa m'malo olimidwa. Tsoka ilo, mitundu ina ya tiziromboti, makamaka yomwe imakhala ku Asia, imawononga mbewu.

Tsopano mukudziwa zomwe ladybugs amadya. Tiyeni tiwone momwe tingapangitsire tizilombo tokongola.

Makhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe

Chithunzi: Red ladybug

Mitundu yonse ya ma ladybird imasankha njira yokhayokha yokhayokha ndikupanga magulu okha kuti athawire kumadera otentha kapena nyengo yachisanu m'malo obisika. Magulu akuluwa amatha kufikira 40 miliyoni. Muthanso kuzindikira kuchuluka kwa nsikidzi m'nyengo yawo yokwatirana. Zimbalangondo zonsezi sizizengereza kudya mphutsi za abale awo, koma pokhapokha pakakhala nsabwe zokwanira ndi zakudya zina. Koma pali mitundu ya ma ladybugs omwe amawononga anzawo mwadala.

Chosangalatsa ndichakuti: Msungwana wachikaso wa ma marble adapangidwa mwapadera ngati chida chogwiritsira ntchito polimbana ndi tizirombo taulimi, koma zidali chifukwa cha iye kuti mitundu ina ya tiziromboti idawopsezedwa kuti idzawonongedweratu, popeza kuti marble ladybug adaziwononga zochuluka kwambiri pamodzi ndi tizirombo tina tating'onoting'ono.

Tizilombo timeneti timagwira ntchito tsiku lonse, timakwera pang'onopang'ono kuchokera ku chomera china kupita kwina kufunafuna chakudya. Ndi chakudya chokwanira, anthu ena atha kukhala zaka ziwiri kapena kupitilira apo, koma izi ndizochepa kwambiri. Gawo lalikulu limamwalira koyambirira, osakhala chaka chimodzi, ndipo pali zifukwa zambiri izi: kuchokera kusowa kwa zakudya zopatsa thanzi mpaka kuwononga chilengedwe.

Kakhalidwe ndi kubereka

Chithunzi: Ladybugs

Ma ladybug onse ndi osungulumwa. Nyengo yokhwima yokha ndi pomwe amuna amayang'ana wamkazi kuti akwere ndi fungo linalake. Izi zimachitika kumayambiriro kwamasika, ndipo posakhalitsa mkazi amaikira mazira okwanira mpaka zidutswa 400 pansi pamasamba. Ali ndi mawonekedwe ovunda, amatha kukhala achikaso, lalanje. Mkazi amasankha malo oti agone pafupi ndi dera la nsabwe kuti ana athe kupatsidwa chakudya. Uku ndiye kuwonetseredwa kokha kosamalira ana awo. Nthawi zambiri, iye amamwalira pambuyo pake.

Pambuyo pa masabata angapo, mphutsi zimawonekera. Thupi lawo limakutidwa ndi tsitsi ndipo limakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, mtunduwo umaphatikiza mawanga achikasu ndi abulauni. M'masiku oyamba, mphutsi zimadya chipolopolo chotsalira cha mazira ndi mazira osakwanira, kenako zimapita kukafunafuna nsabwe za m'masamba. Gawoli limatenga masabata 4 mpaka 7, pambuyo pake chiphuphu chimapangidwa, chomwe chimamangirira m'mphepete mwa kapepalako, pomwe kusintha kwina kumachitika.

Pamapeto pake, patadutsa masiku 8-10, khungu limasokonekera kuchokera ku chibolibocho posungira mpaka kumapeto kwa mimba. Chiwombankhanga chokwanira chimapezeka, chomwe chimakhala ndi mtundu wowala mwachizolowezi. Poyamba, ma elytra ake ndi otumbululuka, chifukwa cha izi, mutha kusiyanitsa wamkulu ndi mwana. Tizilombo tating'ono timakonzekera kubereka pofika miyezi itatu ya moyo, ena mwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yokha - zonse zimatengera mtundu wazakudya zabwino zachilengedwe.

Adani achilengedwe a ladybugs

Chithunzi: Ladybug akuthawa

Ladybug kuthengo alibe adani ambiri chifukwa chachinsinsi chakupha chamtundu woyera chomwe amapereka. Ngati mbalame imalawa kamodzi kulawa kwa kachirombo kowala, ndiye kuti kulawa kwake kowawa kumamulepheretsa kufuna kuyisaka kwa moyo wonse wa mbalameyo. Tizilombo tambiri timafa msanga kuchokera ku ladybug hemolymph.

Mdani wamkulu wa ma ladybird ndi dinocampus, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tokhala ndi mapiko tomwe timapha agalu achikulire ngakhalenso mphutsi zake mwa kuikira mazira mkati mwa matupi awo. Pomwe zimasintha, zimadya thupi la wovulalayo, kenako chipolopolo chopanda kanthu chimang'ambika, monga m'mafilimu ena owopsa. Dinocampus imapeza nsikidzi ndi fungo lawo loteteza, zomwe zimawopseza adani awo. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timatha kuchepetsa kwambiri ma ladybird m'kanthawi kochepa.

Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa mankhwala osiyanasiyana pokonza minda, mkhalidwe wokhumudwitsa wa chilengedwe umathandizanso kwambiri kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa tiziromboti. Pali zomwe zikuchitika m'maiko ena m'malo mwa mankhwala ndikuchotsa zachilengedwe, zowononga zachilengedwe. Ma ladybug amaweta ambiri, ndipo amatumizidwanso kunja.

Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi

Chithunzi: Ladybug

Chiwerengero cha anyani aakazi chatsika kwambiri chifukwa cholamulira nsabwe za m'masamba. Tizilombo ting'onoting'ono timangokhala opanda chakudya. Chifukwa chobereka mwachangu, ochepa adani achilengedwe, anthu amatha kuchira munthawi yochepa chakudya chikakhalapo. Udindo wa mitunduyo ndiwokhazikika pakadali pano. Pakadali pano, ndi mitundu yochepa chabe ya tiziromboti, mwachitsanzo, waku Australia wobiriwira komanso wopanda pake, yemwe ali pachiwopsezo chotheratu.

Chosangalatsa: Pofunafuna chakudya, mphutsi ya ng'ombe yanjala imatha kuyenda mpaka mamita 12, womwe ndi mtunda waukulu wa tizilombo.

Poyesera kuti abwezeretse tizirombo tomwe tili, munthu nthawi zina ngakhale atakhala ndi zolinga zabwino, m'malo mwake, amawononga kwambiri. M'zaka zaposachedwa, ma ladybird omwe adasankhidwa mwapadera adamasulidwa m'malo awo achilengedwe, omwe, chifukwa cha kusintha kwodziwikiratu, asintha momwe amadyera ndikusankha abale awo ngati wovulalayo. Zonsezi zinachititsa kuti imfa ya chiwerengero chachikulu cha nsikidzi zothandiza m'maiko onse aku Europe. Kulingalira mozama pavutoli ndikofunikira popanda kusokonezedwa mosafunikira ndi zochitika zachilengedwe.

Chitetezo cha Ladybird

Chithunzi: Ladybug kuchokera ku Red Book

Ladybug idalembedwa kale mu Red Book m'maiko ambiri, kuphatikiza Russia. Kutha kwake kwathunthu kukuwopseza kusokoneza chilengedwe ndi kubereketsa kwa tizirombo, komwe kudzayenera kuwonongedwa ndi chemistry, ndipo izi, ziziwonongeranso malire - bwalo loipa limapezeka.

Chosangalatsa: Mpaka zaka makumi anayi zapitazo, m'maiko ambiri ku Europe, United States of America, ogwira ntchito zapadera nthawi yophukira iliyonse amayang'anira malo ozizira a madona ndipo m'nyengo yozizira amatolera tizilombo m'matumba, kenako ndikuwamasula m'minda ndi minda nthawi yachilimwe. Njira yosavulaza chilengedwe yopha tizirombo tasiyidwa chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kupha nsabwe.

Zikuwoneka kuti posachedwa munthu adzasiya kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndikupita kwa ladybirds kuti amuthandize, yemwe kuyambira kale amakhala pafupi ndi munthu ndikumuthandiza pakulimbana ndi zokolola. Sizachabe kuti kuyambira nthawi zakale, anthu ayamika kachilomboka ndikumulambira.

Masiku ano ladybug anasudzulana bwino m'malo opangira. Kenako amatumizidwa kuminda, koma, malinga ndi akatswiri ambiri, ndikwanira kuti pakhale mikhalidwe yabwino ya nsikidzi ndipo anthu adzachira pawokha popanda thandizo laumunthu ndipo azikhala pamlingo wofunikira mwachilengedwe. Ndikofunikira kusungitsa malire, ndipo chifukwa cha izi, choyambirira, ndikofunikira kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochizira mbewu kuchokera ku nsabwe za m'masamba, ndikuwongolera kuyesetsa kwathu kuti muchepetse kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe.

Tsiku lofalitsa: 20.07.2019

Tsiku losintha: 09/26/2019 ku 9:07 m'mawa