Karakurt yoyera ndi chimodzi mwa zolengedwa zoopsa kwambiri padziko lapansi. Ngakhale kuti kunja sikuwoneka ngati kowopsa, poizoni wa nyamayi ndi woopsa.
Pankhaniyi, kulumidwa kwa kangaude kwa nyama monga kavalo kapena pogona kumatha kufa. Kwa munthu, kulumidwa ndi tizilombo kumathanso kupha ngati kuchuluka koyenera kwa chithandizo chamankhwala sikuperekedwa munthawi yake. Komabe, ofufuza ndi asayansi amati poizoni wa karakurt woyera ndiwowopsa pang'ono kuposa nthumwi yakuda yamtunduwu.
Chiyambi cha mitundu ndi kufotokozera
Chithunzi: White karakurt
White karakurt ndi ya arachnid arthropods, ndi nthumwi ya dongosolo la akangaude, banja la akangaude - mthunzi, wotalikirana ndi mtundu wamasiye wamasiye, mitundu yoyera ya karakurt.
Asayansi alibe chidziwitso chodalirika chokhudza chiyambi cha nthumwi za arthropods. Zakale zakale kwambiri za makolo akutali a karakurt ndi a Carboniferous Age, pafupifupi zaka mamiliyoni mazana anayi zapitazo. Amawerengedwa kuti akuyimira zolengedwa zakale kwambiri zomwe zasungidwa padziko lapansi.
Kanema: White karakurt
Asayansi ena amati makolo akale kwambiri akangaude amakono akalulu, kuphatikizapo karakurt, amakhala m'madzi. Komabe, munthawi ya Paleozoic, adasunthira m'nkhalango zazikulu ndi zitsamba zosadutsika. M'nkhalango zowirira kwambiri, ankasaka tizilombo tosiyanasiyana. Pambuyo pake, panali akangaude omwe amatha kuluka ukonde ndikutsekera mazira kuti atetezedwe.
Zambiri zosangalatsa. Mphamvu ya poizoni wa poizoni wa karakurt ndiochulukirapo kasanu kuposa mphamvu ya poizoni wa karakurt ndipo imaposa 15 mphamvu ya poizoni wa njoka yamphongo.
Pafupifupi zaka mazana awiri mphambu makumi asanu zapitazo, ma arthropods adawonekera omwe adaphunzira kuluka mawebusayiti kuti apange misampha. Poyambira nyengo ya Jurassic, akangaude adaphunzira kuluka ma intaneti angapo ndikuwapachika m'masamba owirira. Zojambulajambula zimagwiritsa ntchito mchira wautali, wopyapyala popanga kangaude.
Akangaude anafalikira ponseponse panthawi yopanga Pangnea. Pambuyo pake adayamba kugawidwa m'mitundu malinga ndi dera lomwe amakhala.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Kangaude woyera karakurt
Karakurt yoyera imawoneka yowopsa. Amayambitsa mantha, ndipo koposa zonse, chifukwa cha mtundu wake amakhalabe osadziwika. Mbali yapadera yamtundu wa arachnids ndimthupi lomwe limapangidwa ngati mpira wawukulu, komanso miyendo yayitali komanso yopyapyala. Pali miyendo inayi ya miyendo. Miyendo yoyamba ndi yomaliza imasiyana motalika kwambiri. Kangaudeyu ndi yekhayo membala wamtundu wake yemwe ali ndi zoyera, zotuwa kapena zachikasu.
Poyerekeza ndi akazi amasiye akuda, karakurt yoyera ilibe mtundu wooneka ngati galasi. Mawonekedwe anayi osaya amakona anayi amatha kuwonekera kumbuyo.
Mbali yakumunsi ya thupi nthawi zonse imakhala yoyera kapena yamkaka. Thupi lonse limatha kukhala lotuwa kapena lachikasu. Mu nyamakazi izi, chiwonetsero chazakugonana chimafotokozedwa - amuna amakhala otsika kwambiri kuposa akazi kukula. Kukula kwazimayi kumatha kufikira masentimita 2.5, pomwe kukula kwamphongo sikupitilira masentimita 0,5-0.8.
Mutu ndi waung'ono, wocheperako kuposa thupi, nthawi zambiri umakhala wabulauni. Pamutu pali chelicerae, omwe ndi amphamvu kwambiri ndipo amatha kuluma mosavuta kudzera pachikopa chazithunzithunzi ngakhale dzombe lalikulu. Kumbuyo kwakumbuyo kwam'mimba kuli ma artsnoid warts angapo, omwe kansalu kameneka kamatulutsidwira m'chilengedwe.
White karakurt ili ndi mawonekedwe amthupi ofanana ndi ma arachnids ena onse. Amagawidwa magawo awiri - cephalothorax ndi pamimba. Iliyonse mwa iwo ili ndi ziwalo zofunika. Mu cephalothorax amapezeka: gland yemwe amabisa chinsinsi chakupha, kum'mero, m'mimba yoyamwa, kutuluka kwa chakudya, minyewa yamkati
Mimba ili ndi:
- Kangaude kangaude;
- Chiwindi;
- Matumbo;
- Ostia;
- Mazira a mkazi;
- Zovuta;
- Mortugal aorta.
Kodi karakurt woyera amakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: karakurt yoyera yazinyama
Pali lingaliro kuti karakurt yoyera amakhala m'malo okhaokha m'chipululu cha Naimb. Komabe, izi sizoona. Kusintha kwa nyengo kwadzetsa kukula ndi kusintha kwa malo okhala oyera karakurt.
Malo okhala ku arachnid:
- Madera akumwera kwa Russian Federation;
- Gawo lakumpoto la kontrakitala wa Africa;
- Kumwera kwa Ukraine;
- Crimea;
- Iran;
- Mongolia;
- Nkhukundembo;
- Kazakhstan;
- Azerbaijan.
White karakurt amakonda malo omwe mvula imagwa pang'ono ndipo mulibe chisanu chachikulu. Malo okondedwa ndi mapiri, ngalande, zigwa. Amayesetsa kupewa malo athyathyathya, otseguka m'njira iliyonse. Monga ma arachnids ambiri, imasankha malo obisika, osafikirika.
Amakonda kubisala m'mabowo a makoswe ang'onoang'ono, ming'alu, m'mipata pakati pa makoma, ndi malo ena akutali, obisika. Karakurt salekerera chisanu chachikulu komanso nyengo yoipa. Amayesetsa kupewa chinyezi chochuluka, malo owala kwambiri, komanso nyengo yotentha kwambiri.
Ndizotheka kukumana ndi karakurt yoyera mdera laminda yolimidwa, nyumba zosiyidwa kapena zogona, m'zipinda zam'mwamba, pansi pamadenga a nyumba ndi masheya.
Kodi karakurt yoyera imadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: White karakurt
Kodi gwero lamagetsi ndi chiyani?
- Zida zazing'ono zazing'ono;
- Cicadas;
- Dzombe;
- Ziwala;
- Ntchentche;
- Wakhungu;
- Kafadala;
- Cicadas;
- Makoswe ang'onoang'ono.
White karakurt ali ndi mawonekedwe owonjezera am'mimba am'mimba. Wovulalayo akalowa pa intaneti, amamubaya thupi m'malo angapo ndikubaya chinsinsi chakupha kuti matumbo a wovulalayo agayidwe kwathunthu ndi poyizoni. Pambuyo pake, akangaude amadya gawo lamadzi la thupi la wovulalayo.
Pogwiritsa ntchito tizilombo, intaneti yopingasa imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri. Ndizodziwika kuti intaneti siyosiyana ndi ma trapezoid, koma imakhala ndi ulusi wosakhazikika womwe sungalumikirane ndi mtundu uliwonse. White karakurt amatha kupanga ma cobwebs angapo amisampha. Nthawi zambiri zimayikidwa pakati pa masamba mwanjira yoti siziwoneka ngati tizilombo kapena makoswe ang'onoang'ono. Misampha yotere nthawi zambiri imasiyidwa m'maenje, tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono.
Njira yophatikizira chakudya imayamba mwachangu, chifukwa pafupifupi chilichonse chadulidwa kale mchinsinsi chakupha. Mwa mitundu yonse yazakudya zosiyanasiyana, dzombe ndi ziwala zimasiyanitsidwa ndikusankhidwa. White karakurt amatha kukhala wopanda chakudya, kapena kudya chakudya chochepa kwambiri. Popanda chakudya, karakurt yoyera imatha kukhala pafupifupi miyezi 10-12.
Makhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: akangaude oyera a karakurt
White karakurt imagwira ntchito mosasamala nthawi yamasana kapena nyengo. Amatha kukhala otakataka ndikupita kukafunafuna chakudya, komanso kukadya masana kapena mumdima. Amuna samachita zambiri. Amagwiritsa ntchito ukonde wa kangaude kupanga misampha. Akangaude samachita kuluka mwa mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe ena, koma ndi ulusi wokhotakhota. Mungapeze chakudya, monga mlenje, ndiko kuti, kubisala kumbuyo kwa tchire, kapena m'nkhalango zowirira kwambiri.
Malo obowola mbewa zazing'onoting'ono, ming'alu yamakoma, kudenga, malo okhala, maenje, ndi zina zambiri amasankhidwa ngati malo okhala. Oyimira ma arachnids ali ndi kumva kwakuthwa kwambiri. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kuluma kwa anthu kwanenedwapo. Akangaude amachita mwamphamvu phokoso losamveka ndipo, kuti adziteteze, ayesere kuukira koyamba. Chifukwa chakuti munthu, pokumana naye, amakhala gwero la phokoso losafunikira, akangaude amawaukira podziteteza.
Samalekerera chisanu komanso kutentha kwambiri. M'nyengo yachisanu - chilimwe, kusamuka kwakukulu kumachitika m'malo okhala. Amalumikizidwa ndi kuti akangaude akuyesera kuthawa kutentha kwakukulu. Karakurt yoyera itapeza pobisalira, akazi amawomba ndi intaneti ndikuyamba kukonzekera kuwonekera kwa ana.
Kakhalidwe ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: karakurt yaying'ono yoyera
Nthawi yokhudzana ndiukwati mwa woimira nyamayi ndi nyengo yake ndipo imayamba pakati - kumapeto kwa nthawi yotentha. Amuna amayesa kukopa chidwi cha amuna kapena akazi anzawo mothandizidwa ndi ma pheromones apadera. M'nyumba zosankhidwazo, akazi azipachika malo ophera nsomba. Izi ndizofunikira kuti achinyamata athe kupeza malo pa intaneti ndikuwuluka kukafunafuna nyumba zawo. Nyengo ikakwerana ikutha, yaikazi imayikira mazira. Chiwerengero akhoza kufika pa zidutswa 130-140.
Nthawi yophukira ikafika, mkazi amafa. Mazira omwe amaikira amadikirira okha kasupe m'matumba obisalako obisalamo. Masika, ndikubwera kwa mphepo, yomwe imathandizira kuthana ndi chipolopolo cha dzira ndikubereka achinyamata. Akangaude amwazikana samabalalika mosiyanasiyana, koma modekha amakhalabe mu dzenje kuti akule mwamphamvu ndikupeza maluso ofunikira kuti apulumuke. Nthawi imeneyi, ali ndi chakudya chokwanira, chomwe amayi awo adachikonza.
Malo osungira amayi atatha, akangaude amayamba kudya wina ndi mnzake. Zotsatira zake, okhawo omwe anali olimba kwambiri ndi omwe amapulumuka. Amangosiya cocoon masika wotsatira, ndipo pofika chilimwe cha chaka chomwecho amakhala okhwima pogonana. Karakurt yoyera imadziwika kuti ndi arachnid yochulukirapo. Mkazi amatha kubala ana mpaka kawiri pachaka.
Adani achilengedwe a karakurt woyera
Chithunzi: Kangaude woyera karakurt
Ngakhale kuti nthumwi za nyamazi ndizowopsa kwambiri padziko lapansi, zidakali ndi adani mwachilengedwe, ndi awa:
- Ziweto zazing'ono - nkhosa, mbuzi. Sagonjetsedwa ndi chimbudzi chakupha cha nyamakazi;
- Mavu ndi mitundumitundu. Amakonda kulimbana ndi karakurt ndi liwiro la mphezi, ndikuwabisira chinsinsi chawo chakupha;
- Tizilombo ndi okwera. Amakonda kuikira mazira m'matumba a woimira banja la nyamakazi;
- Hedgehog. Osakhudzidwa ndimadzi oopsa.
Nthawi zambiri, alimi omwe amawopa kuwonongeka kwa ng'ombe chifukwa cholumidwa ndi karakurt yoyera, amalolera kuti nkhosa kapena mbuzi zizidya msipu wina. Nyamazi sizimva kulumidwa kwawo, chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti ziteteze msipu wodyetsa ng'ombe.
M'madera ena, pali arthropods ambiri, omwe amatha kuwononga gulu lonse la ng'ombe.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Chithunzi: White karakurt nyama
Ngakhale kuti karakurt yoyera imaponderezedwa kwambiri ndi ziweto zazing'ono, mitunduyi siopsezedwa kuti idzatha. Polumikizana ndikukula kwa madera omwe adapangidwa ndi anthu ndikusintha kwanyengo, ikukulira ndikusintha. Wofufuzayo sanathe kudziwa kuchuluka kwa karakurt yoyera lero, koma akuti sawopsezedwa kuti adzazimiririka padziko lapansi.
Ku Africa, ku Central Asia, kangaude wamtunduwu ndiofala kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, kusintha kwa nyengo komanso mbuzi zambiri sizikhudzanso anthu; karakurt yoyera siyodziwika bwino ndipo siyidalembedwe mu Red Book. Chifukwa chokhoza kupereka ana akulu zaka 10-15 zilizonse, kuchuluka kwa oimirawa, anthu abwezeretsedwa kwathunthu.
White karakurt ndi kangaude woopsa komanso wakupha. Okhala kumadera omwe amapezeka mwachilengedwe ayenera kusamala kwambiri, kupatula kuyenda opanda nsapato, atagona pansi. Ngati tizilombo timaluma mwadzidzidzi, muyenera kupita kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo.
Tsiku lofalitsa: 13.04.2019
Tsiku losinthidwa: 19.09.2019 nthawi 20:27
