Malo osatetezeka kwambiri a mbewa yokongola iyi ndi mchira wake. Mwachilengedwe, gerbil amataya akagwidwa ndi nyama zolusa, ali mu ukapolo - chifukwa chakukhudza kwamunthu.
Kufotokozera, mawonekedwe
Gerbillinae (gerbils / gerbils) amaimira banja la mbewa kuchokera pagulu lalikulu la makoswe. Gerbils ndi osiyana kwambiri (kuphatikizapo kuwala kwa ziwalo zogonana), zomwe zimatsimikiziridwa ndi kukhala amtundu winawake... Kunja, amafanana ndi mtanda pakati pa mbewa, jerboa ndi gologolo. Kutalika kumayambira 5-20 cm, kulemera - pakati pa 10-230 g, kutalika kwa mchira kumakhala masentimita 5.5-24. Amuna nthawi zambiri amakhala akulu kuposa akazi.
Ndizosangalatsa!Mchira wochulukitsa kwambiri umadutsa mu ngayaye kumapeto. Mchira wowonongeka kapena wosowa subwezeretsedwanso. Miyendo yakumbuyo yolumikizidwa imafanana ndi jerboa: komabe, kumapeto kwake sanadabwitsenso.
Ma gerbils onse amakhala ndi mawonekedwe abwinobwino - pamwamba pake pamtambo wofiirira / wamchenga komanso pansi mopepuka. Nthawi zambiri, zolemba zowala zimawonanso pamutu: kuzungulira maso ndi kumbuyo kwamakutu. Pamlomo wopanda pake kapena wosongoka, maso akulu otupa amawoneka. Ma gerbils ambiri ali ndi mano 16 omwe amakula m'moyo wawo wonse. Pakati pa kusinthika, masomphenya ndi kumva zakhala zovuta kwambiri mu gerbil.
Mitundu ya mbewa ya Gerbil
Pakadali pano, mitundu 110 yama gerbils yafotokozedwa, m'magulu 14. Pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwamagawo atatu (35 mitundu) adaphatikizidwa pamasamba a International Red Book. Amakhulupirira kuti mtundu umodzi wokha uli pamavuto, ndipo mitundu 4 imakhala ngati yomwe ili pangozi:
- Meriones dahli;
- Meriones arimalius;
- Meriones zarudnyi;
- Meriones sacramenti.
Pambuyo pa Soviet kumakhala anthu oimira mtundu wina wa Meriones (ma gerbils ang'onoang'ono), kuphatikiza Meriones meridianus (masana gerbils).
Malo okhala, malo okhala
Gerbils amakhala ku Mongolia, North Africa, India, Anterior / Asia Minor ndi China (kupatula zigawo zake zakummawa ndi kumwera).
Gerbils amapezekanso kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Ciscaucasia, ku Kazakhstan, zigawo za Transbaikalia komanso pachilumba chilichonse chakummwera chakum'mawa kwa Nyanja ya Mediterranean. Nyamazo zasinthidwa mwanjira zofananira zokhalira nyengo youma, zokhala zipululu, zigwa ndi zipululu.
Kusunga gerbil yanu kunyumba
Otsatira a makoswe okongoletsera, nthawi zambiri, amabala ma gerbils aku Mongolia, omwe amakula mpaka masentimita 12 (omwe amalemera pafupifupi 75-120 g) ndikukhala zaka 3-5. Gerbils amafuna anzawo, chifukwa chake samakhala okha, koma nthawi zambiri awiriawiri ndipo nthawi zina m'mabanja akulu.
Kukonzekera kwa selo, kudzazidwa
An aquarium / terrarium (osachepera malita 10) ndioyenera kusunga ma gerbil kuposa khola, ngakhale yabwino kwambiri. Makoma olimba amakhala otsekereza phokoso kumamvekedwe opangidwa ndi ziweto zosokonekera kwambiri, komanso nthawi yomweyo kuteteza ku zinyalala zomwe amaponya... Ngati muika ma gerbils anu mu khola (chitsulo), ikonzekeretseni ndi mphasa wokhala ndi mbali zazitali kuti utuchi usawuluke mozungulira nyumbayo: makoswe amafunika osanjikiza osachepera 15-20 cm kuti akumbe mwachangu.
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Ndikofunika kupereka mpweya wabwino, makamaka kutentha, komanso kwa otsika - perekani chivundikiro, popeza ma gerbils ndiodumpha kwambiri. Kuwala kwa dzuwa sikuyenera kugwera nyumba za makoswe. Pogaya incisors, mufunika mitengo yolowerera, nthambi kapena makatoni. Pansi, m'malo mwa utuchi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito udzu / udzu, ndikupatsanso mbewa pepala la chisa. Bokosi laling'ono la nsapato, mwachitsanzo, pomwe ma gerbils anu amatha kupumula kapena kubisala kuti asayang'anenso, ndiwothandiza.
Ndizosangalatsa! Ma Gerbils samamwa, motero safuna omwera. Kuphatikiza apo, chinyezi chambiri chimatsutsana nawo. Mwachilengedwe, nyama zimakhutira ndi chinyezi kuchokera kuzomera zokoma ndi mbewu zawo.
Mbewa yogwira iyi imafunikira zidole, makwerero ndi mawilo. Komabe, m'malo gudumu ndi crossbars, ndi bwino kutenga wapadera onsewo mpira (kupewa kuvulala mchira). Nthawi zina, chiweto chimaloledwa kuthamanga mozungulira chipinda, koma moyang'aniridwa ndi iye.
Zakudya, zakudya
Gerbils amadyetsedwa katatu pamlungu, ndikuyika chakudya molunjika pogona. Mulingo wodyetsa umatsimikiziridwa ndi mitundu, kukula, thupi ndi thanzi la mbewa. Zinyama zing'onozing'ono, zodabwitsa, zimafunikira (chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa kagayidwe kake) chakudya chochuluka pamiyeso imodzi.Zipatso zamadzi zimaperekedwa mgawo kotero kuti mbewa zimazidya mosazindikira, ndipo chinyezi chambiri sichimawoneka mu khola... Zipatso zatsopano zimalowetsedwa ndi zipatso zouma zouma, ndipo mazira owiritsa amathyoledwa limodzi ndi chipolopolocho, kuwonjezera pa chakudya chambewu.
Zakudyazo zimaphatikiza zosakaniza ndi nyama monga:
- udzu (m'chilimwe);
- kaloti, beets, dzungu ndi apulo;
- nthochi, mphesa, mavwende (pang'ono kuti asawonongeke);
- oats ndi mpendadzuwa (dosed);
- mazira owiritsa ndi kanyumba kanyumba;
- nthambi zatsopano zotupa;
- oyera oyera ndi ma crickets amoyo.
Zofunika! Tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tisatenge mbatata pazakudya, chifukwa mbewa zimasiya kuchita nawo chidwi chifukwa cha wowuma wambiri. Kabichi ndiyosavomerezeka, imayambitsa kuphulika komanso vuto la m'mimba.
Mapuloteni amtundu wa nyama nthawi zambiri amafunikira pakubereketsa amuna, akazi apakati / oyamwa, ndi ma gerbil achichepere.
Matenda, zofooka za mtundu
Amakhulupirira kuti ma gerbils kuyambira pakubadwa ali ndi thanzi labwino, koma, monga makoswe amtundu uliwonse, amatenga matenda ena. Matenda omwe amapezeka kwambiri ndi awa:
- Kutulutsa fupa la mchira (pambuyo povulala);
- kutupa kwa mchira (mwa amuna achikulire);
- zophuka / zilonda m'makutu ndi zotupa zamakutu amkati;
- zolakwika za incisors zomwe zimafuna kudula;
- Matupi mphuno kutupa (chifukwa coniferous utuchi);
- kuvulaza diso (chifukwa cha thupi lachilendo);
- mitambo ya mandala (osachiritsidwa).
Zimachitika mu ma gerbils ndi kutsekula m'mimba, komwe kumachotsedwa ndi sulfonamides / maantibayotiki, osayiwala kudyetsa wodwalayo ndi maantibiotiki (bifidumbacterin kapena bifitrilac). Pofuna kupewa kuperewera kwa madzi m'thupi, mchere kapena jekeseni wa Ringer-Locke amabayidwa mozungulira.
Zofunika! Kupuma mopumira kumawonetsa kuzizira kapena zina kupuma komwe kumathandizidwa ndi chlortertacycline kapena Baytril. Mbewa okalamba ndi matenda a mtima / zilonda ndi ziwalo ndi kufooka. Nthawi zambiri, kugwa kumatha kufa kwa chiweto.
Gerbils sathyola mchira wokha, komanso miyendo, yomwe, imakula bwino limodzi pafupifupi milungu iwiri. Vutoli limakhala pakuphwanyika poyera pamene matenda alowa pachilondacho. Mavitamini owonjezera ndi choko (zotchinga mchere) zitha kuteteza kuphulika.
Kusamalira ndi ukhondo
Gerbils samalekerera madzi ndi njira zilizonse zaukhondo zomwe zimakhudzana ndi izi, koma nthawi zina amasamba mumchenga... Amafunika kusunga ubweya woyera: chidebe chokhala ndi mchenga chimayikidwa mu aquarium kamodzi pamlungu.
Ndizosangalatsa! Ma Gerbils amakhala ndi mkodzo wokhala ndi kopitilira muyeso, chifukwa sipakhala fungo lililonse m'khola (zosakwana 4 g zamadzimadzi zimachoka mthupi tsiku lililonse).
Chakudya chodya theka chimachotsedwa tsiku lililonse, ndipo khola limatsukidwa kamodzi pa sabata. Gwiritsani utuchi (osati coniferous!) Kapena osakaniza ndi udzu ngati zofunda. Zodzaza zimasinthidwa masiku khumi ndi anayi.
Kubereka ndi ana
Choyamba, sankhani komwe mungagulitsire achicheperewo, ndipo pokhapokha mukamachita nawo ma gerbils. Mukamaswana, ganizirani zofunikira zingapo pa nyama:
- zaka yunifolomu (wamkulu kwambiri kuposa miyezi itatu);
- kunja, kuphatikiza utoto;
- mbadwa;
- mbewu yobweretsedweratu;
- Kuyanjana kwa opanga kumabanja osagwirizana.
Mfundo yomaliza ndiyosavuta kukwaniritsa ngati mugula ma gerbil kuchokera kwa obereketsa osiyanasiyana: izi zimatsimikizira kuti kulibe mating oyandikana kwambiri, kutanthauza ana athanzi. Awiriwa amasonkhanitsidwa pamagawo osalowerera ndale kapena "amuna": zotsatira zakugonana bwino ndi pakati, komwe kumatenga masiku 25. Mkazi amabweretsa ana a 2-8 (nthawi zina ochulukirapo), pambuyo pake amatha kukhalanso ndi pakati. Ndicho chifukwa chake kuli bwino kubzala wamwamuna nthawi yomweyo.
Amayi amatha kudya makanda obadwa kumene, ndipo zili bwino. Ana sayenera kukhudzidwa ndi manja. Zimalimbikitsidwanso (panthawi yoyamwitsa) kuti musatsuke khola kuti musasokoneze akazi. Pansi pa chisamaliro chake, mbewa zimakhala mpaka miyezi 1.5, koma kuyambira pafupifupi masabata atatu zikuwanyamula pang'onopang'ono. Mwa njira, momwe makolo awo amakukhulupirirani inu mumawerengedwa kuti ndichinsinsi chothandizira kuyambitsa ana msanga.
Gulani gerbil, mtengo
Makoswe awa siachilendo, chifukwa chake ndiotsika mtengo, ma ruble 50 ndichinthu chaching'ono... Ndi bwino kugula mbewa kuchokera kwa obereketsa kuposa m'malo ogulitsira ziweto, chifukwa palibe amene amayang'anira makoswe pano, ndipo mutha kubweretsa kunyumba mayi wapakati. Choyamba, muyenera kulumikiza ana omwe sanakonzedwenso, ndipo chachiwiri, pali chiopsezo chachikulu chobereka ana odwala (ngati kuwoloka pafupi kwachitika).
Zofunika! Ngati mukufuna mbewa zogwiridwa ndi dzanja, ziguleni zazing'ono kwambiri (miyezi 1-2) kuti kuzolowera mwiniwake kumangobwera mwachilengedwe. Muyenera kutenga abale angapo kapena alongo angapo. Amuna mwachilengedwe amakhala ovomerezeka, koma mokhudzana ndi abale okhaokha.
Ma gerbil amibadwo yosiyana akabzalidwa mu khola, ndewu zimakhala zosapeweka. Ndicho chifukwa chake abwenzi oterewa amakonzedwa moyang'aniridwa, kulekanitsa ma gerb ndi ukonde kuti azinunkhiza ndikukhazikika. Ngati kusamvana sikukutha, makoswewo amasungidwa m'madzi osiyana. Mukamagula gerbil, fufuzani: maso a nyama yathanzi amawala, makutu ndi mphuno zilibe zotuluka, tsitsi limakhala lolimba mthupi.
Ndemanga za eni
Ndizosangalatsa kuwona ma gerbils (amayendetsa gudumu, kufunafuna utuchi, amayenda mumiyeso), koma ndizosatheka kuwakhama kapena kuwafinya: ndiopepuka ndipo amalumpha. Ma Gerbils amadya pang'ono ndipo amatha kudya chakudya chowuma cha makoswe / ma hamsters. Ndibwino kuti musawasunge m'khola - pamenepo amagogoda ubweya pamphuno zawo, amapanga phokoso ndi zinyalala zambiri. Mukaika gudumu, ndiye chitsulo chokha komanso kuchokera pamauna olimba, nyumbayo ndi ya ceramic.
Zidzakhalanso zosangalatsa:
- Nkhunda
- Agalu agulu
- Kukonza hamster ku Syria
- Zomwe zili mu hamster ya Dzungarian
Gerbils samalekerera chinyezi: sangasambitsidwe, koma muyenera kugula mchenga wa chinchillas ndikuwatsanulira mu vase-ball, pomwe mbewa zidzasokonekera, kuyeretsa ubweya... Eni ake ena amaika omwe amamwa mpira, akukhulupirira kuti chiweto chizikhala ndi madzi. Mwa njira, ma gerbils ambiri amaluma ndikuluma mokwanira chala chanu mpaka chimatuluka magazi. Koma choyipa chachikulu cha gerbil ndi nthawi yayitali chabe ya moyo.
