Abuluzi a Pangolin ndi gulu lapadera la nyama zomwe zimawoneka ngati atitchoku kapena siponi. Masikelo awo olimba amapangidwa ndi keratin, yomwe imapezeka munyanga za chipembere ndi tsitsi la munthu.
Kufotokozera kwa ma pangolins
Dzinalo Pholidota limatanthauza "nyama yamanyazi"... Pali mitundu 8 yokha mdziko loyera lonse. Lilime lalitali komanso lokwanira mpaka kutalika kwa 40 cm, komanso mchira wautali ndimakhadi awo oyitanira. Khalani ndi pangolin alibe mano. Ntchito yawo imagwiritsidwa ndi timiyala todyedwa ndi zophuka zomwe zili pamakoma am'mimba. Ndiwo omwe amakwanitsa kudula ndi kukonza chakudya.
Maonekedwe
Pangolin amafanana mofanana ndi nyama yakudya. Chinthu chachikulu chosiyanitsa ndi kupezeka kwa zida zopangidwa ndi mbale zolimba. Amakhudza pafupifupi thupi lonse la pangolin kupatula pamimba, mphuno ndi mkatikati mwa zikopa. Zitsulo zolimba kumbuyo kwake zimawoneka ngati armadillo.
Pangozi, pangolin amapindika kukhala mpira, potero zida zake zimaphimba kwathunthu. Pankhaniyi, amabisa mutu wake pansi pa mchira. Ma mbale amtunduwu amasinthidwa pakapita nthawi. Zakale zafufutidwa, ndikupatsa mpata kukula kwatsopano. Pambuyo pake, amalimba ndikuwumitsa. Ma mbalewo amapangidwa ndi keratin - chinthu chomwe ndi maziko a msomali wamunthu. Chigoba cha pangolin ichi chidapangidwa mwachilengedwe kuti chiziteteze.
Kukula, mtundu, kuchuluka ndi mawonekedwe amiyeso yamitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi zosiyana. Pakhoza kukhalanso kusiyana pakati pa nyama zamtundu umodzi. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala mizere 18 ya masikelo olumikizana kuzungulira thupi, ndikuphimba mosalekeza mpaka kumapeto kwa mchira. Mitundu yaku Africa ndiyosiyana ndi ya ku Asia. Ali ndi mizere iwiri yoyambira magawo awiri mwa atatu a njira mpaka kumapeto kwa mchira. Mitunduyi imatha kukhala yakuda mpaka yakuda ndipo imakhala ndi bulauni yakuda, maolivi achikasu, ndi achikasu. Masikelo akusowa kwathunthu pansi pamutu, mbali zonse ziwiri za nkhope, pakhosi ndi khosi, pamimba, mbali zamkati zamiyendo, mkamwa ndi chibwano. Mbalizi zimakutidwa ndi ubweya wochepa kwambiri wa ubweya.
Mitu ya abuluzi ndi yaying'ono komanso yophwatalala, ndipo maso ndi ochepa. Kutengera mtundu wake, makutu atha kukhala opanda pake kapena osakhalapo. Miyendo yakutsogolo ndi yamphamvu kwambiri kuposa yakumbuyo, ili ndi zikhadabo zazikulu zomwe zimathandiza kuthyola nyerere. "Manicure" otere sioyenera kuyenda, chifukwa chake pangolin amasuntha ndikupinda miyendo yakutsogolo.
Thupi la buluzi wa pangolin limakhala lalitali, limatha kukhala lozungulira kapena lathyathyathya... Lilime limatuluka mufupa la hyoid ndipo limathera mkatikati mwa nthiti, ngati cholembera chachikulu ndi kamulu kakang'ono kamadzi kakumwa. Mizu yowonjezera ikupezeka pakati pa sternum ndi trachea. Abuluzi akulu amatha kukulitsa malilime awo masentimita 40, kuwapangitsa kukhala 0,5 cm okha.
Ndizosangalatsa!Mchira ndi wamphamvu komanso woyenda, ngakhale wokutidwa mamba. Ndi lalifupi, losalongosoka ndipo nthawi zambiri limawerengedwa ngati lopepuka. Pamtengopo, mitundu ina imatha kupachikidwa panthambi yamtengo.
Pazodzitchinjiriza (kupatula kungologolera mpira), abuluzi amatha kutulutsa timadzi ta fungo lonunkhira tomwe timatuluka kuchokera kumafinya omwe ali pafupi ndi anus, ofanana ndi a kanyimbi. Kukula kwa pangolin kumasiyanasiyana malinga ndi mitundu. Ndi mutu, kutalika kwa thupi kumakhala pakati pa 30 mpaka 90 sentimita, mchira kuyambira 26 mpaka 88 masentimita, ndipo kulemera kwake kuli pafupifupi 4 mpaka 35 kilogalamu. Akazi nthawi zambiri amakhala ocheperako kuposa amuna.
Moyo wa Pangolin
Alibe kumva kwakanthawi komanso kuwona. Maso awo ang'onoang'ono amakhala okutira ndi zikope zakuda, zomwe ndizofunikira kuwateteza ku kulumidwa ndi tizilombo tating'ono monga chiswe ndi nyerere. Monga chipukuta misozi, chilengedwe chawapatsa fungo labwino, kuwalola kuti apeze nyama yawo.
Buluzi ndi mitundu yonse yapadziko lapansi komanso yokwera (kukwera). Ma dinosaurs ena okhala m'mabwinja amakhala m'mabowo amitengo, pomwe mitundu yapadziko lapansi imakakamizidwa kukumba ngalande pansi, pamtunda wa mamita 3.5. Mitundu ina imatha kukhala pansi komanso mkati mwa mitengo, ngakhale imagawidwa ngati yapadziko lapansi kapena yopanda pake. Abuluzi "okwera" nawonso ndi osambira abwino.
Pangolini amayenda usiku, pogwiritsa ntchito kamvekedwe kake kofunafuna kusaka tizilombo kuti tidye. Raptor wa nthawi yayitali (manis mu tetradactyla) imagwira ntchito komanso masana. Koma ambiri, ma pangolin amakhala nthawi yayitali akugona, atadzipinditsa mu mpira. Kuti adye tizilombo, amayenera kuswa zisa, kuwagwira ndi lilime lalitali.
Ndizosangalatsa!Mitundu ina, monga abuluzi amitengo, imagwiritsa ntchito michira yawo yolimba. Amadzipachika pamitengo ya mitengo ndikung'amba makungwawo ndi thunthu lawo, ndikuwonetsa zisa mkati.
Pangolin nthawi zambiri amakhala wamanyazi, wosungulumwa komanso wosagwirizana ndi zinyama, ndiwosachedwa kuchepa komanso wochenjera. Komabe, ngati zingafunike, mitundu yonse imatha kuyenda msanga. Pogundana, amapinda mpira wokhala ndi masikelo akuthwa, poteteza chitetezo chawo. Maonekedwe ndi machitidwe awo apadera, kuphatikiza kuthekera kopindika munthawi zoopsa, zili ngati chozizwitsa chachilengedwe. Poyenda mchira ndi sikelo yawo, zimawopsezanso adani awo kwambiri. Komanso, kutulutsa tiziwalo tating'onoting'ono kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zoletsa.
Utali wamoyo
Ma Pangolin amayenda usiku komanso amakhala achinsinsi kwambiri, chifukwa chake amadziwika kuti ndi ovuta kuwawerenga, ndipo zambiri m'mbiri ya moyo wawo sizimadziwika. Zaka za abuluzi zakutchire sizikudziwika.
Malo okhala, malo okhala
Abuluzi amakhala m'malo otentha a ku Africa ndi Asia... Ali kum'mwera kwa Sahara ku Africa, South ndi Southeast Asia, kuphatikiza India, Thailand, Myanmar, South China, Malacca Peninsula, Indonesia, Philippines ndi zilumba zina.
Buluzi amakhala m'malo osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo nkhalango zamvula, nkhalango zowirira, udambo, nkhalango, malo otseguka, zitsamba zowirira komanso malo otsetsereka a shrub, chifukwa malowa ali ndi chakudya chambiri - nyerere ndi chiswe. Pangolin ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pazakudya zapadziko lapansi, kupha tizilombo (makamaka nyerere ndi chiswe) ndikukhala nyama ya kambuku, mikango, akambuku, afisi ndi nsato.
Zakudya za Pangolin
Zipolopolo zimadya chiswe ndi nyerere... Miyendo yawo yamphamvu, yokhala ndi zala zisanu pachala chilichonse, ili ndi zikhadabo zazitali, zolimba zomwe zimathandiza kusaka chakudya. Ndi iwo, akuyesetsa kwambiri, akugwetsa makoma a nyerere. Kenako imalowetsa lilime lake lalitali moboolawo ndikudikirira nyama. Nyerere zikakamira lilime, amabwezeretsanso mkamwa mwake ndikuzimeza bwinobwino.
Ndipo iyi si njira yokhayo yopezera nyerere. Malovu amtundu wa pangolin ali ngati uchi wokoma kwa nyerere zomwe zimathamangira zonse. Chifukwa chake, ndikokwanira kuti nyamayo ingokhala pansi mwamtendere kuti idonthe kuti nyamayo ilowe pakamwa pokha. Pangolin amasala kudya posankha chakudya ndipo samadya chilichonse kupatula nyerere ndi chiswe, chifukwa chake, ndizosatheka kuti muzisunge bwino. Koma palinso mitundu ina ya ma pangolin yopanda tanthauzo yomwe imatsutsana ndi kudya mphutsi, crickets, ntchentche ndi mphutsi.
Adani achilengedwe
Mdani wamkulu wa pangolin ndi munthu. Choopseza kwambiri ma pangolin ndi malonda osaloledwa a nyama zamtchire. Pangolin amadziwika kuti ndi nyama yomwe imagulitsidwa nthawi zambiri padziko lapansi.
Ndizosangalatsa!Ku China ndi Vietnam, nyama yake imadziwika kuti ndi yabwino ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zosowa m'malesitilanti ambiri. Nthawi zambiri amadya ku Africa.
Kulakalaka nyama ya buluzi komanso ziwalo za thupi lake, kwapangitsa kuti pakhale zamoyo zomwe zili "pachiwopsezo" komanso "zangozi". Pazaka khumi zapitazi, akuti akuti zipolopolo zopitilila miliyoni zakhala zikugulitsidwa ngakhale kuti zamalonda zakhala zikuletsedwa.
Kubereka ndi ana
Kupsa zipatso kumatenga masiku 120 mpaka 150. Akazi abuluzi aku Africa nthawi zambiri amabala mwana mmodzi nthawi imodzi, ndipo kuswana kumachitika kamodzi pachaka. Amakhulupirira kuti mzimayi waku Asia amatha kubereka mwana m'modzi kapena atatu athanzi, koma izi sizinalembedwe.
Kulemera kwake kumakhala magalamu 80 mpaka 450. Pakubowola ma pangolini, makanda amakhalabe mumtambo m'masabata awiri kapena anayi oyamba amoyo.... Kenako pangolin wachichepere, akamayenda panja pa dzenje, amamatira kumchira wake. Kuyamwitsa kumachitika pafupifupi miyezi itatu. Abuluzi a Pangolin amatha kukhwima atakwanitsa zaka ziwiri.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Pangolini amasakidwa m'malo ambiri ku Africa... Ndi imodzi mw nyama zotchuka kwambiri zamasewera. Buluzi amafunikanso kwambiri ku China chifukwa nyama yawo amaiona kuti ndi yokoma. Anthu ena aku China amakhulupirira kuti nyama ya pangolin imachepetsa kutupa, imathandizira kuyenda bwino, komanso imathandiza azimayi oyamwitsa kutulutsa mkaka. Amawasaka chifukwa cha zikopa ndi masikelo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira zovala ndi zithumwa.
Kusaka abuluzi, kuphatikizapo kudula mitengo mwachisawawa, kwapangitsa kuti mitundu ina ya zamoyo itsike, monga abuluzi akuluakulu. Mitundu inayi ya pangolin ili pachiwopsezo chotha. Awa ndi Indian pangolin (M. crassicaudata), Malay pangolin (M. javanica), Chinese pangolin (M. pentadactyla), ndi pangolin wapadziko lapansi (M. temminckii).
Zofunika!Akuluakulu akulimbana ndi kuwonongedwa kwawo pomanga ziletso pangolini ndikugulitsa nyama ndi katundu wina.
Kulima si njira yolerera anthu okhala ndi ziphuphu. Ndizovuta kwambiri kuti akhale m'ndende chifukwa chakumwa kwawo. Zofunikanso pangolin ndi malo okhala. Kutalika kwa ukapolo ndikochepa kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala kosatheka kupeza ana athanzi kuti asunge mitunduyo. Komanso, chinthu chosadziwika chobisika cha pangolin chimalepheretsa kukonza njira zosungira ndikukhazikitsa dongosolo loyendetsera bwino anthu.
