Star ancistrus (Ancistrus horlogenys) - amatanthauza mtundu wa nsomba zopangidwa ndi ray. Nsombayi ndi yotchuka kwambiri pakati pa akatswiri odziwa zoweta okhala m'madzi, komanso mamembala ena am'magulu am'madzi am'madzi (Loricariidae).
Starfish ancistrus kuthengo
Star Ancistrus ndi oyeretsa mwachilengedwe osayerekezeka komanso akatswiri obisala. Okhala m'madamu achilengedwe amadabwa ndi mawonekedwe achilendo kwambiri komanso mtundu wapachiyambi, wosangalatsa.
Maonekedwe ndi kufotokoza
Ancistrus stellate amadziwika ndi kupezeka kwa thupi lathyathyathya, lomwe lophimbidwa kwambiri ndi mtundu wa mbale za mafupa. M'dera la zipsepse za pectoral, pali mitsempha yaying'ono. Mitundu imasiyanasiyana ndi kuchuluka kwa kunyezimira komwe kumapezeka kumapeto kwa dorsal komanso mtundu wazithunzi zazitali ndi zipsepse za caudal. Ma stistate ancistrus onse amakhala ndi thupi lalitali komanso laling'ono, zipsepse zazikulu, mutu wawukulu komanso kamwa yofanana ndi yoyamwa.
Ndizosangalatsa!Mawonekedwe apakamwa ndi nsagwada okhala ndi zotulukapo zamphamvu zimalola nsombazo kugwiritsabe zomwe zikuchitika mwachangu komanso kupukuta chakudya pamiyala kapena pamitengo yosiyanasiyana.
Mtundu wa thupi ndi zipsepsezo ndi za monochromatic, mdima, pafupifupi wakuda wokhala ndi madontho ang'onoang'ono oyera-abuluu. Mbali yazoyimira zazing'ono ndikutambalala kwakumalire kwa zipsepse zakuthambo ndi zam'mimba. Mbali yapaderayi yatayika kwathunthu ndi ukalamba. Kutalika kwakuthupi kwamwamuna wamkulu kumatha kusiyanasiyana pakati pa 70-100mm.
Ndizosangalatsa!Tiyenera kudziwa kuti amuna onse a ma stistate ancistrus ali ndi thupi lokulirapo kuposa akazi amtunduwu, komanso amakhala ndi zophukira zomwe zimapezeka m'dera lamutu, kotero kuti ngakhale akatswiri am'madzi am'madzi amatha kusiyanitsa okha anthu ndi amuna.
Kufalitsa ndi malo okhala
Dera lachigawo lachigawo limawerengedwa kuti ndi gawo la South America, madzi amtsinje wa Amazon ndi Essequibo, komanso Paraguay ndi mitsinje yake. Mwachilengedwe, nyenyezi ancistrus imakonda kukhala m'malo osungira zachilengedwe, omwe amadziwika ndi kuthamanga kwachangu, komanso madzi oyera ndi otentha mokwanira.
Zomwe zili ancistrus zanyumba ya nyenyezi
Ancistrus wooneka ngati nyenyezi si mtundu wachilengedwe, koma dzina lodziwika bwino la mitundu ingapo yomwe ili yamatchire amtundu wina ndipo imadziwika ndi madontho oyera ambiri pamdima wakuda kwambiri. Sikovuta konse kusunga nsombazi zokongola komanso zazing'ono kunyumba.
Zofunikira za Aquarium
Pazodzikongoletsera zam'madzi za aquarium mukasunga nyenyezi ancistrus, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zida zingapo, zomwe zitha kuyimilidwa ndi maloko, ma grotto, zikopa, miphika, magawo a chigoba cha coconut, miyala ndi zomera zowirira za aquarium. Kwa gulu limodzi la akulu, muyenera kugula aquarium yokhala ndi malita osachepera 70-80. madzi.
Zofunikira zamadzi
Makonda ayenera kuperekedwa kwa mtundu wocheperako wamayendedwe ndi mpweya wabwino wamadzi... Makulidwe abwino kwambiri amadzi am'madzi a mu aquarium ayenera kukhala 20-28 ° C ndi kulimba kosaposa 20 ° dH ndi pH m'magawo 6.0-7.5.
Ndikofunika kukhazikitsa fyuluta yamphamvu mokwanira mu aquarium.
Kusamalira nyenyezi ya ancistrus
Njira zazikulu zothandizira chisamaliro cha ancistrus stellate ndizoyenera ndipo zimaphatikizapo kudyetsa munthawi yake, mayeso opewera a anthu komanso kusunga madzi am'madzi a aquarium moyenera.
Zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso zakudya
Monga momwe chizolowezi chosungira ancistrus momwe zinthu zilili panyumba zikuwonetsa, chakudya chomera chiyenera kukhala pafupifupi 75-80% ya chakudya chathunthu cha tsiku ndi tsiku, ndi chakudya chokhala ndi mapuloteni - pafupifupi 20-25%.
Kuti matendawa asamalidwe bwino, ndibwino kuti muwonjezere masamba a saladi wothira madzi otentha kapena zonunkhira zamkati za nkhaka tsiku lililonse.
Njira yodyetsera mwachangu imafunikira chidwi.... Pachifukwa ichi, ndibwino kuti mugwiritse ntchito chakudya cha nkhomaliro chodulidwa, nyama ya nkhanu ndi chakudya chamazira. Masamba a nthaka ndi oyeneranso.
Kubereka kwa ancistrus stellate ndi kuswana kwake
Ngati pakukonzedwa ndi kusamalidwa, ancistrus ya stellate ndiyodzichepetsa, ndiye kuti kudziyimira pawokha kwa nsomba zam'madzi zam'madzi zimatha kubweretsa zovuta. Mwachangu cha nsomba zamtunduwu ndizofewa kwambiri ndipo zimafunikira chisamaliro mosamalitsa magawo onse amakulidwe ndi chitukuko. Palibe kusiyanasiyana kwakuthengo pakati pazinyama zazing'ono, chifukwa chake, ndizotheka kudziwa kuti anthu ndi amuna kapena akazi azaka ziwiri zokha.
Ndizosangalatsa!Akuluakulu komanso opanga chakudya cha m'nyanja zodyetsedwa bwino amatha kubala, onse komanso mumtsinje wina wosanjikiza womwe uli ndi gawo losankhidwa bwino.
Pansi pamadzi otetemerawa, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa malo omwe mazira adzaikidwamo ndi nsomba. Machubu opangidwa ndi pulasitiki wopanda poizoni kapena zoumbaumba zachikhalidwe ndi zabwino pa izi.
Polimbikitsa kubereka, gawo lalikulu lamadzi am'madzi limasinthidwa ndipo kutentha kwake kumachepa pang'ono. Amuna ndi akazi amawoka kuti abereke, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zipeze mazira a lalanje 250-300.
Akazi ayenera kufesedwa atangobala, ndipo kutentha kwa madzi kumakhala pa 30-32zaC. Kutuluka kwakukulu kwa mphutsi za ancistrus stellate kuchokera m'mazira zimawonedwa pafupifupi tsiku lachisanu ndi chiwiri atabereka. Amuna amatha kuchotsedwa pokhapokha mphutsi zonse zikayamba kusambira pawokha ndikusiya chubu chobala.
Kugwirizana ndi nsomba zina
Ancistrus stellate amagwirizana bwino ndi mitundu ina ya nsomba zam'madzi. Nsombazi ndizamtendere kwambiri, ndipo sizimavulaza nsomba zomwe zikuzungulira. Komabe, nthawi zina mikangano ya amuna kapena akazi okhaokha imatha kuchitika pakati pa amuna ndi akazi, chifukwa chake mitunduyi imasungidwa bwino pakati.
Utali wamoyo
Nthawi zina nsomba zazikulu zimakakamira m'machubu zamagetsi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, chomwe chimayambitsa kufa kwanthawi yayitali kwa ziweto za m'madzi.
Ndizosangalatsa!Nthawi yayitali ya moyo wothandizirana ndi ma stistate ancistrus sikuti imapitilira zaka khumi.
Momwemonso, mitundu iyi imasiyanitsidwa ndi mphamvu yachilengedwe yodabwitsa, chifukwa chake imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndimatenda akulu amitundu ina ya nsomba.
Komwe mungagule nyenyezi ya ancistrus, mtengo
Posankha chiweto cha m'nyanja yamchere, kumbukirani kuti luso l071, l249, l181 ndi l183 ndikuwonetsa mitundu yamitundu ya nyenyezi ancistrus yomwe imapezeka m'malo awo achilengedwe. M'madera akudziko lathu, mitundu yambiri ya l181 kapena "timbewu tambiri" zimadziwika makamaka.
Mtengo m'masitolo apadera komanso kwa obereketsa wamba umatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera mtundu ndi kukula kwa munthuyo. Mtengo wa mtundu wawukulu wa ma stistate ancistrus wokhala ndi mtundu wachilendo ukhoza kufikira ma ruble chikwi, pomwe munthu wamba wamba amagulitsidwa pamtengo wa ma ruble 100-200.
Ndemanga za eni
Star ancistrus - mtunduwo siwodziwika ngati ma ancistrus wamba, koma kudzichepetsa kwake komanso mawonekedwe ake oyambilira ndioyenera kusungidwa ndi ma novice aquarists. Nsomba zotere zimapeza ntchito yayikulu kwambiri theka lachiwiri la tsiku, pafupi ndi usiku.
Ngakhale kuti kwa amuna amtunduwu wa ancistrus, madera ndiwodziwika kwambiri, mikangano iliyonse yamkati siyimavulaza kwambiri.
Zofunika!Ngati nyali yokumba kapena yowala ndiyowala kwambiri, kuwonetsetsa kuti nsomba zam'madzi ndizokayikitsa - nsomba zimatha kubisala pansi pogona.
Akatswiri odziwa zamadzi amalimbikitsa kuyika miyala yokongoletsa pansi kwenikweni pa aquarium, osati pansi. Kupanda kutero, kukumba koyamba pansi pamwala kungayambitse kuphwanya ndi kufa kwa chiweto.
Monga momwe tawonetsera, ndibwino kupatula aquarium yomwe ili ndi voliyumu yopitilira malita zana kuti musunge zitsanzo za achikulire.... Ma ancistrus ena onse ndiwodzichepetsa kwambiri ndipo kuyisamalira sikuyambitsa mavuto ngakhale ngati mulibe chidziwitso chosamalira nsomba zam'madzi.
