Fennec nkhandwe ndi amodzi mwamitundu iwiri ya nkhandwe zomwe zasinthidwa bwino ndi anthu. Kuchokera kwachiwiri adatenga ufulu, kuyambira woyamba - mphamvu komanso kusewera. Amalumikizananso ndi mphaka chifukwa chokhoza kudumpha kwambiri.
Kuwonekera, kufotokozera kwa Fenech
Aarabu amatcha nyama yaying'ono iyi ya canine fanak (yotanthauzidwa kuti "nkhandwe"). Fenech, wocheperako kuposa mphaka, ndi wa nkhandwe, koma si akatswiri onse azamoyo omwe amazindikira ubalewu, kukumbukira kusiyana pakati pa nkhandwe ndi nkhandwe za fennec.
Chifukwa chake, Fenech DNA ili ndi ma 32 chromosomes, pomwe mitundu ina ya nkhandwe imakhala ndi awiriawiri 35-39. Ankhandwe amawawona kukhala osungulumwa, ndipo fennecs amakhala m'mabanja akulu. Chifukwa cha izi, akatswiri ena a sayansi ya zamoyo apeza ma chanterelles amtundu wina wotchedwa Fennecus.
Nyamayo imalemera mkati mwa 1.5 kg ndi kutalika kwa 18-22 cm... Mchira wake uli wolimba pafupifupi kutalika kwake ndi thupi, kufika masentimita 30 mpaka 40. Zipilala zake zimakhala zazikulu kwambiri (masentimita 15) mwakuti, ngati zingafunike, nkhandwe ya fennec imatha kubisa mphuno yake yaying'ono mwa imodzi mwayo.
Ndizosangalatsa! Makutu amauza nyamayo komwe iyenera kuthamangira nyama (zinyama zazing'ono ndi tizilombo), ndipo imathandizanso kutulutsa magazi. Zotengera zomwe zili pafupi ndi khungu zimachotsa kutentha kwambiri, komwe ndikofunikira m'chipululu.
Mapazi okutidwa ndi ubweya amathandizanso kukhala m'chipululu: chifukwa chake, chanterelle siyiyaka, ikuyenda pamchenga wotentha. Mtundu wa ubweya pamwamba (fawn kapena kupereka wofiira) umalola Fenech kusakanikirana ndi milu yamchenga. Chovalacho ndi chochuluka komanso chofewa. Mwa nyama zazing'ono, chovalacho chimakhala ndi mthunzi wa mkaka wophika.
Mano a Fennec, kuphatikiza ma canine, ndi ochepa. Maso, vibrissae ndi mphuno ndi zakuda zakuda. Monga ankhandwe ena onse, nkhandwe ya fennec ilibe minyewa ya thukuta, koma, monganso iyo, ili ndi chotupa cha supra-mchira (violet) kumapeto kwa mchira, chomwe chimayambitsa fungo lokhumudwitsa mukamawopa.
Zinyama
Fenech adaphunzira kukhala m'chipululu komanso m'chipululu, koma sangathe kuchita popanda zomera zochepa. Zitsamba ndi zitsamba zimakhala ngati pobisalira nkhandwe kuchokera kwa adani, pogona panthaŵi yochepa yopumulira ndi pogona.
Mano akuthwa amathandiza nyama kutulutsa chakudya chawo pansi / mumchenga. Chakudya cha fenechs ndi:
- mbalame zazing'ono;
- zokwawa;
- makoswe;
- dzombe ndi tizilombo tina;
- mazira a mbalame;
- akangaude ndi ziphuphu.
Owona-makutu agwira phokoso losamveka lomwe limatulutsidwa ndi tizilombo (ngakhale pakukula kwa mchenga). Wogwidwa yemwe wagwidwa kunyumba amaphedwa ndi fenech mwa kumuluma pakhosi, ndikupita naye kuphanga kukadya. Fenech amaika zosungidwazo m'malo mwake, kuloweza maofesi omwe adasungidwa.
Fenech ali ndi chinyezi chokwanira chomwe chimapezeka kuchokera ku zipatso, nyama ndi masamba: masamba ake amasinthidwa kukhala nyengo zowuma ndipo samavutika popanda madzi. Chakudyacho chizikhala ndi ma tubers, mizu ndi zipatso zomwe zimapatsa nyamayo madzi tsiku lililonse. Mwachilengedwe, nyama zimakhala zaka 10-12.
Habitat, geography
A Fenecs adakhazikika kuzipululu za kumpoto kwa Africa: nyamazi zimapezeka mdera lalikulu kuchokera kumpoto kwa Morocco kupita ku Arabia ndi Sinai Peninsula, ndipo kumwera chakumwera adafika ku Chad, Niger ndi Sudan.
Ndizosangalatsa! Amakhulupirira kuti anthu ambiri amtundu wa mini-chanterelles amakhala pakatikati pa Sahara. Kuphatikiza pa nkhandwe za fennec, palibenso nyama zodya nyama pano zomwe zitha kukhala ndi ludzu kwanthawi yayitali ndikusakhala opanda magwero amadzi.
Milulu yonse iwiri yamchenga yosasunthika ndi milu yoyenda pafupi ndi gombe la Atlantic (komwe kumagwa mvula ya 100 mm pachaka) amakhala malo okhala nkhandwe. Kumalire akumwera kwamtunduwu, amapezeka pafupi ndi zigawo komwe kumagwa mvula yoposa 300 mm pachaka.
Zochita za anthu mdera lachipululu, kuphatikiza kumanga nyumba, kuyendetsa Fenech kuchokera kumalo awo okhala, monga zidachitikira kumwera kwa Morocco.
Moyo wamphongo wamphongo
Ndiwo nyama zachiyanjano, zosinthidwa ndi moyo wamagulu. Banja nthawi zambiri limakhala ndi makolo, ana awo asanakwane msinkhu komanso achinyamata angapo... Nyama zimayika malire a gawo lawo ndi mkodzo ndi ndowe, ndipo amuna akulu amachita izi pafupipafupi komanso mochulukira.
Fenech amasinthira kudziko lakunja mothandizidwa ndi kununkhira kwabwino, kumva mwamphamvu komanso masomphenya abwino (kuphatikiza masomphenya ausiku).
Masewera wamba amathandizira kuti banja likhale logwirizana, zomwe zimadalira nyengo ndi nthawi yatsiku. Pochita masewera, ma fennec ang'onoang'ono amawonetsa kukongola modabwitsa, kulumpha mpaka 70 masentimita kutalika ndi kupitirira mita imodzi m'litali.
Ndizosangalatsa! Mosadabwitsa, timu yaku mpira yaku Algeria amatchedwa mwachikondi "Les Fennecs" (Desert Foxes kapena Fenecs). Ku Algeria, nyamayi imalemekezedwa kwambiri: ngakhale pa ndalama ya dinar ya 1/4, chithunzi cha Fenech chidalembedwa.
Amakhala usiku ndipo ali ndi chizolowezi chosaka yekha. Nkhandwe imafuna malo abwino omutchinjiriza ku dzuwa lotentha.... Mtsinje wokulirapo (wopitilira 6 mita) umakhala malo oterowo, omwe amatha kukumba usiku wonse pansi pa mizu ya tchire lomwe limagwirizira makomawo.
Kapangidwe kameneka sikangatchulidwe ngati burrow, chifukwa sikuwoneka ngati kaphokoso kosavuta, koma kamapangidwa ndi mipata yambiri, ma tunnel ndi zotuluka mwadzidzidzi, zomwe zimapangidwira kuti Fenech achoke mwadzidzidzi ngati adani awukira.
Nthawi zambiri makina obowoleza amakhala ovuta kotero kuti amatha kukhala ndi mabanja angapo osasokonezana.
Adani akulu a Fenech
Amakhulupirira kuti awa ndi amphaka am'chipululu (nyama zakufa) ndi akadzidzi a ziwombankhanga. Sipanakhalebe mboni zowona za kusaka kwa odyera awa kwa ma chanterelles atali ataliatali, ndipo izi ndizomveka: chifukwa chakumva mwachidwi, nkhandwe ya Fennec imadziwiratu zamtsogolo za mdaniyo ndipo amabisala nthawi yomweyo m'mabowo ake opindika.
Choopseza chachikulu chimaperekedwa kwa fennecs ndi munthu amene amawapha chifukwa cha ubweya wawo wokongola ndikuwapeza kuti akagulitsenso kumalo osungira nyama kapena malo odyetsera anzawo.
Kuberekanso fenech
Uchembere umachitika atakwanitsa miyezi 6-9, pomwe amuna amakhala okonzeka kukwatira msinkhu kuposa akazi.
Munthawi yakubereketsa, yomwe imakonda kupezeka mu Januware / February ndipo imatha milungu 4-6, amuna amawonetsa kukwiya, "kuthirira" gawo lawo ndi mkodzo. Rut ku Fenechs kumatenga miyezi iwiri, ndipo kugonana kwa akazi ndi masiku awiri okha.
Mzimayi wa ku estrus amalengeza kuti akufuna kukwatirana ndikusuntha mchira wake, ndikusunthira mbali imodzi. Zitakwatirana, nyamazo zimapanga banja lokhazikika, popeza zimakhala za akazi amodzi. A Fenech ali ndi ufulu wokhala ndi malo osiyana.
Ndowe za a Fennec zimabweretsedwa kamodzi pachaka. Kubadwanso kwa ana agalu kumatheka pokhapokha kufa kwa zinyalala, makamaka pakakhala chakudya chochuluka.
Ndizosangalatsa!Mayiyo amabala ana kuyambira masiku 50 mpaka 53. Kubereka, komwe kumabweretsa ana 2-5, nthawi zambiri kumachitika mu Marichi / Epulo.
Pofika nthawi yoti katunduyo atuluke, chisa mumtengowo chimadzaza ndi nthenga, udzu ndi ubweya. Makanda obadwa kumene amakhala okutidwa ndi utoto wopanda pake wa pichesi, ndi akhungu, opanda thandizo ndipo amalemera pafupifupi magalamu 50. Pa nthawi yobadwa, makutu a nkhandwe za fennec amapindikana, monga agalu agalu.
Pakatha milungu iwiri, ana agalu amatsegula maso awo ndikuyamba kutulutsa makutu ang'onoang'ono... Kuyambira pano kupita mtsogolo, ma auricles amakula mwachangu kwambiri kuposa thupi lonse, kukulira tsiku ndi tsiku. Kwa kanthawi kochepa chabe, makutu amasanduka mabudula akuluakulu mosaneneka.
Mkazi samalola abambo awo kuyandikira ana agalu, kumulola kuti angopeza chakudya mpaka atakwanitsa milungu 5-6. Pamsinkhu uwu, amatha kudziwa abambo awo, kutuluka mdzenje lodziyimira pawokha, kusewera nawo, kapena kuwona komwe kuli.... Ana agalu a miyezi itatu amatha kale kuyenda maulendo ataliatali. Nthawi yomweyo, mkaziyo amasiya kutulutsa mkaka.
Fenech zokhutira kunyumba
Nthawi zambiri mumatha kumva kuti nkhandwe ya fennec ndiyokhayo yomwe idachokera pagulu la nkhandwe zomwe munthu wakwanitsa kuweta. M'malo mwake, pali nkhandwe ina yoweta yomwe idapezeka chifukwa cha ntchito yosankhidwa ndi asayansi ku Novosibirsk Institute of Cytology and Genetics yokhala ndi nkhandwe zakuda zasiliva.
Ndizosangalatsa! Woyamba kuweta Fenech ndi nkhandwe kuchokera m'mbiri yotchuka "Kalonga Wamng'ono" wolemba Antoine de Saint-Exupery. Zinachitika za wokongola nthano khalidwe anali fenech, anakumana ndi wolemba mu 1935 mu milu ya Sahara.
Ku Russia, mutha kudalira dzanja limodzi lokhala ndi nazale zomwe zimatulutsa makutu akumva. Ndizomveka kuti Fenech ndiokwera mtengo: kuyambira 25 mpaka 100 zikwi za ruble. Koma ngakhale kufunitsitsa kulipira chiwongola dzanja chotere sichikutanthauza kuti ungapeze mwachangu: uyenera kulembetsa ndikudikirira miyezi yambiri (nthawi zina zaka) kuti ana awonekere. Njira ina ndiyo kuyang'ana mwiniwake kapena kupita kumalo osungira nyama.
Poganizira zopeza zachinyengo, mukuyenera kupereka chitonthozo chofunikira pakukhala akapolo, mwanjira ina, pangani zinthu zomwe zimamulola kuti azitha kuthamanga ndikudumpha momasuka. Ndibwino ngati mungapatse chiweto chanu chipinda chofunda.
Kusamalira, ukhondo
Ziphuphu sizolemetsa kuzisamalira... Koma monga nyama iliyonse yokhala ndi malaya akuda, idzafunika kupukuta mwadongosolo kuchokera ku tsitsi lakufa, makamaka molting ikachitika kawiri pachaka.
Miyendo inayi imeneyi pafupifupi sikununkhiza. Pakanthawi kowopsa, "fungo" lokhazikika, lomwe limatuluka msanga msanga limachokera ku nkhandweyo. Mutha kununkhiza kununkhira koyipa kuchokera mu thireyi ngati mulibe zinyalala mmenemo. Izi zikachitika, sinthani matewera nthawi zambiri kapena musambe bwinobwino.
Ndizosangalatsa!Pokhudzana ndi zolengedwa zazing'onozi, makamaka paunyamata, chisamaliro chowonjezeka chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito: amakonda kuthamanga pakati pa miyendo yawo, ndikuchita mosazindikira komanso mwakachetechete.
Mutha kuponda mwangozi Fenech, osayembekezera kuti achoka mwachangu pakona yakutali ya chipinda chamapazi anu. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira nthawi zonse kuwunika komwe khutu lanu lili kuti musawavulaze kwambiri.
Zovuta zakusungilira kunyumba
Ubwenzi ndi Fenech uli ndi mbuna zambiri, ndibwino kudziwa za iwo pasadakhale.
Ma Fennecs (monga nyama zachitukuko) amagwiritsa ntchito mawu osiyanasiyana kuti akulumikizane nanu kapena kuti afotokozere momwe akumvera, kuphatikiza kulira ndi kulira, kukuwa ndi kukuwa, kukuwa ndi kulira, kung'ung'udza ndi kulira.
Sikuti eni ake onse amadandaula za "kuyankhula" kwa ziweto: mwachiwonekere, pali ambiri osalankhula pakati pa omaliza.
Pali zina zambiri zomwe muyenera kumvera:
- nkhandwe zimafunikira mlengalenga wamkulu, makamaka khonde kapena chipinda;
- Ma Fennec movutikira kwambiri amaphunzira kudzithandiza okha mu thireyi;
- kugula chakudya chamoyo / chatsopano;
- kugona pang'ono;
- kusowa kwa azachipatala omwe amadziwika bwino ndi nyama zamtchire.
Eni Fennec amazindikira kukhathamira kwa ziweto zawo, mawonekedwe abwino, koma kuwonjezeka kwamantha kuchokera kumvekedwe kosayembekezereka.
Choyipa chake ndi chizolowezi choluma miyendo ya mamembala ndipo nthawi zina zimawonekera kwambiri... Ngati miyendo yanu inayi ilandila katemera, imatha kumwedwa pamaulendo ataliatali, komanso zikalata za katemera.
Zakudya zopatsa thanzi - momwe mungadyetse nkhandwe yaying'ono
Fenech amafunika chakudya chomwe chili ndi mapuloteni ambiri.
Zina mwa zakudyazi ziyenera kupezeka pa chakudya cha tsiku ndi tsiku:
- ufa / mbozi za silika, njoka ndi tizilombo tina;
- mazira (zinziri ndi nkhuku);
- mbewa (akhanda ndi achikulire);
- nyama yaiwisi;
- Zakudya zamphaka zamagulu apamwamba (okhala ndi taurine ndi nyama).
Musaiwale zazomera zamasamba, zomwe zimatha kukhala masamba achisanu, tomato, broccoli ndi zipatso (pang'ono). Fenech sichiwonongeka ndi taurine yowonjezera (500 mg), yomwe imayenera kusakanizidwa ndi ziphuphu, masamba kapena mazira. Maswiti onse ndi chakudya kuchokera patebulo panu ndizoletsedwa.
Onani zomwe zili mu thireyi: pamenepo mudzawona zamasamba zosadyedwa (motero zopanda thanzi).... Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala kaloti, chimanga ndi mbewu zonse. Perekani fennec cranberries kapena yamatcheri kuti muchepetse fungo la mkodzo. Ndipo musaiwale mbale yamadzi abwino.
Chiwerengero, kuchuluka kwa anthu
A Fennec amadziwika kuti akuphatikizidwa mu Zowonjezera II za Msonkhano wa CITES, womwe umayang'anira malonda apadziko lonse lapansi pazinyama ndi zomera zomwe zatsala pang'ono kutha.
Zododometsa - asayansi ali ndi chidziwitso cha kuchuluka kwa nkhandwe zazing'ono, komabe alibe chidziwitso chokwanira cha kuchuluka kwake komanso momwe alili.
