Kumphuka Kangaude kapena Vampire Spider

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Kangaude wolumpha, kapena kangaude wolumpha (Salticidae), ndi wa banja la akangaude a araneomorphic. Banja ili likuyimiridwa ndi mitundu yopitilira 5000, ndipo malinga ndi gulu la sayansi, ili mgulu laling'ono la Eumetazoi.

Kufotokozera kwa mawonekedwe

Akangaude olumpha amatha kukhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, ndipo nthawi zambiri amatsanzira nyerere, kachilomboka ndi chinkhanira chonyenga... Gawo loyamba la cephalothorax limakwezedwa mwamphamvu, ndipo gawo lakumbuyo lidayala. Mbali za cephalothorax ndizokwera. Kupatukana kwa mutu ndi chifuwa nthawi zambiri kumaperekedwa ndi poyambira posaya komanso mopingasa. Njira ya kupuma ya bimodal imayimilidwa ndi mapapo ndi trachea.

Kangaude wodumpha amadziwika ndi kupezeka kwa maso asanu ndi atatu, omwe adakonzedwa m'mizere itatu. Mzere woyamba uli ndi maso anayi akulu omwe amakhala kutsogolo kwa mutu. Maso akuluakulu amkati mwamkati amadziwika ndi kuyenda. Maso amalola akangaude kusiyanitsa pakati pa mawonekedwe a chinthu ndi mtundu wake.

Maso a mzere wachiwiri akuyimiridwa ndi maso ochepa kwambiri, ndipo mzere wachitatu pali maso awiri akulu, omwe amapezeka pamakona amalire a mutu ndi gawo la thoracic. Mothandizidwa ndi maso awa, kangaudeyu amapatsidwa mawonekedwe pafupifupi 360za.

Ndizosangalatsa! Kapangidwe kapadera ka diso kamapangitsa kuti athe kudziwa molondola mtunda wa chinthu chilichonse.

Chikhalidwe

Malo okhala akangaude akhoza kukhala malo osiyanasiyana. Mitundu yambiri ya zamoyo imapezeka m'nkhalango zotentha. Mitundu ina imapezeka m'malo okhala ndi nkhalango zotentha, zipululu, komanso m'chipululu kapena m'mapiri.

Mitundu yodziwika

Akangaude olumpha mumayendedwe achilengedwe amaimiridwa ndi mitundu ingapo yamitundu yosiyana ndi mawonekedwe, kukula ndi magawidwe:

  • Kangaude wokongola wolumpha wagolide amakhala kumayiko akumwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia, ndipo amadziwika ndi mimba yayitali komanso miyendo yayikulu yoyamba. Thupi limakhala lachilendo kwambiri. Kutalika kwa amuna sikumangodutsa 76 mm, ndipo akazi amakhala akulu;
  • Mitundu ya Himalaya imasiyanitsidwa ndi kukula kwake kocheperako ndipo imagawidwa kumtunda kwa nyanja, ku Himalaya, komwe nyama zake zokha zimakhala tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe, timene timayendetsedwa pamapiri ndi mphepo yamphamvu;
  • Akangaude obiriwira obiriwira amakhala ku Queensland, New Guinea ndi New South Wales. Ndizofala kwambiri ku Western Australia, komwe ndi imodzi mwa akangaude akulu kwambiri. Yaimuna imakhala ndi mitundu yowala kwambiri, ndipo thupi lake limakongoletsedwa ndi "zotupa" zazitali zazitali;
  • Kangaude wothandizirana ndi ofiyira amakonda kukhazikika m'malo ouma kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri amapezeka pamadontho a m'mphepete mwa nyanja kapena m'nkhalango za thundu ku North America, komwe ndi imodzi mwa akangaude akulu kwambiri. Mbali ya mitunduyi ndi kuthekera kokhazikitsa zisa za silika ngati chubu pansi pamiyala, matabwa komanso pamwamba pa mpesa;
  • mtundu wa Hyllus Diardi uli ndi thupi mpaka kutalika kwa masentimita 1.3. Pamodzi ndi mitundu ina ya akangaude odumpha, siimatha kupanga ukonde, chifukwa chake, kuti igwire nyama, imamangiriza ulusi wa silika ku mtundu wina wake wothandizira kenako ndikudumphira kuchokera ku "bungee" wachilendayo kupita ku nyama yake ;
  • Nyerere imadumphira kangaude imatsanzira nyerere m'maonekedwe ake ndipo imapezeka kwambiri m'malo otentha kuchokera ku Africa mpaka pakati pa Australia. Mitundu ya thupi imatha kuyambira utoto wakuda mpaka wachikaso.

Chosangalatsa kwambiri ndichowona chachifumu cha kangaude wolumpha. Ndi woimira wamkulu kwambiri wa kangaude wolumpha ku North America. Amuna amakhala ndi kutalika kwa 1.27 cm, pomwe kutalika kwa mkazi kumatha kufikira 1.52 cm.

Ndizosangalatsa!Thupi lamphongo limakhala ndi utoto wakuda komanso mawonekedwe amachitidwe, oyimiriridwa ndi mawanga oyera ndi mikwingwirima. Mtundu wa akazi nthawi zambiri umayimiriridwa ndi mithunzi yaimvi ndi lalanje.

Kudyetsa Kangaude

Akangaude olumpha amasaka masana okha, masana, omwe amathandizidwa ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino komanso mawonekedwe amkati amadzimadzi, oyimiridwa ndi miyendo yosintha kukula. Chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake, kangaude wamkulu wolumpha amatha kulumpha mtunda wopatsa chidwi. Tsitsi ndi zikhadabo zazing'ono zili pamiyendo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zizisuntha ngakhale pagalasi lopingasa.

Ulusi wa silika umakhala ngati ukonde wotetezera mukadumpha mtunda wautali, womwe umagwiritsidwanso ntchito pomanga chisa cha zomangamanga.... Pakusaka, kangaudeyo amatchera nyama ndikuigwira modumpha, chifukwa chake dzina la mitunduyo lili ndi mawu oti "kavalo". Mu chakudya, akangaude olumpha amakhala osadzichepetsa ndipo tizilombo tosiyanasiyana, koma osati tambiri, timagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya.

Kuswana kwa kangaude kavalo

Kusiyana kwamakhalidwe pakati pa amuna ndi akazi ndi mtundu wa miyendo iwiri yakutsogolo. Awiriwa ali ndi mikwingwirima. Pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya kangaude wolumpha amakhala ndi mwambowu, koma kuti akope chidwi cha akazi, amuna onse amasewera kuvina kwapadera, pomwe amakweza miyendo yawo yakutsogolo, ndikuwona nthawi yayitali, amadzimenya pathupi lonse.

Akangotha ​​kukwatira, akangaude omwe amawonekawo amasiyidwa kwathunthu ndi akazi, omwe amawapangira chisa cha silika kuchokera ulusiwo. Akamaliza kubereka, akazi amateteza zisa zawo mpaka anawo atatuluka. Kangaude yemwe wadutsa ma molts angapo amapita ndi wamkulu kukula, chifukwa chake amapeza ufulu ndikuyamba kudzisamalira.

Kufunika kwachilengedwe

Mitundu yambiri ya kangaude imatha kukhala yopindulitsa popha tizilombo, tomwe ndi tiziromboti. Akangaude olumpha, omwe amadziwikanso kuti vampire spider, anafotokozedwa ndi asayansi kubwerera ku 2003. Mitunduyi imakhala ku Uganda, Kenya komanso kufupi ndi Nyanja ya Victoria. Mitunduyi, yomwe nthawi zambiri imapezeka pafupi ndi komwe anthu amakhala, imathandizira kutsika kwambiri kwa udzudzu wosasangalatsa.

Akangaude amtunduwu amadya udzudzu wamkazi womwe wamwa magazi. Chifukwa cha kununkhiza kwawo, akangaude amalumpha mosavuta kudziwa komwe kuli kachilombo koteroko. Nthawi ya kangaude pa wovulalayo, monga lamulo, siyidutsa zana limodzi lachiwiri. Gawo lalikulu la chakudya cha kangaude wa vampire chikuyimiridwa ndi udzudzu wa anopheles, chifukwa chake kufunikira kwawo m'chilengedwe kumakhala kovuta kunyalanyaza.

Ndizosangalatsa!Mitundu yomwe imapezeka mdziko lathu imadya tizirombo tambiri ta m'minda ndi m'minda, chifukwa chake amathandizira eni ziwembu zawo kuti azibzala mbewu zawo m'munda ndi nyengo yotentha nthawi yonse yotentha.

Zowopsa kwa anthu

Akangaude akudumpha siowopsa kwa anthu, ndiye mutha kuwatenga ndi manja anu, koma mosamala kwambiri kuti musavulaze kangaude. Kangaude wamtunduwu alibe vuto lililonse kwa nyama ndi anthu osati chifukwa chakupezeka kwa poizoni, koma chifukwa khungu lolimba la munthu silinawonongeke chifukwa choluma.

Kusamalira nyumba

Magulu akuluakulu angapo a arachnids ndiabwino kugwiritsidwa ntchito zapakhomo, kuphatikizapo kangaude wolumpha, kangaude wa orb-web, ndi kangaude wa nkhandwe. Akangaude olumpha nthawi zambiri amasankhidwa ngati chiweto. Kofanana kwambiri ndi nyerere zoluka, zomwe zimadziwika ndi mano awo akuthwa komanso kupsa mtima, zimalola kangaude wodumpha kupewa ngozi yomwe ingawadikire m'malo awo achilengedwe.

Kusamalira ndi kusamalira

Dziko lakwawo kangaude wodumpha amaimiridwa ndi mayiko a Southeast Asia, India, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia ndi Vietnam, chifukwa chake, chiweto choterechi chiyenera kupezedwa ndi zotengera komanso nyengo yaying'ono kwambiri yotentha komanso chinyezi.

Kudyetsa malamulo

Chakudya chachikulu cha akangaude mumikhalidwe yachilengedwe ndi tizilombo tamoyo tating'ono... Odziwa omwe ali ndi ziweto zachilendozi amalangizidwa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito crickets kapena Drosophila, woponderezedwa mpaka fumbi, kuti adyetse kangaude wolumpha. Kwa mitundu ina, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito nsabwe zakuda ndi zobiriwira. Pakudyetsa, malo odyetsera ayenera kupatsidwa nyali zapamwamba kwambiri zopangira nyali za fulorosenti.

Malangizo Ogulira

Kangaude wolumpha amadziwika kuti ndi m'modzi mwa oimira anzeru kwambiri zamatenda, chifukwa cha kukula kwa ubongo. M'dziko lathu lapansi, kangaude ndizovuta kwambiri, koma ndizotheka kuchokera kwa mafani azinyalala zakutchire omwe amawaberekera kunyumba. Mtengo wapakati wamunthu wamkulu umasiyana kutengera mitundu, koma, nthawi zambiri, samapitilira ma ruble masauzande angapo.

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Onerani kanemayo: Cirque du Freak 2009 - Fight Like A Vampire Scene 610. Movieclips (November 2024).