Elysia curly (Elysia crispata) kapena plessed sea slug ndi amtundu wa mollusks, kalasi gastropods, dongosolo la thumba-lamankhwala. Ndi wa gulu la Postibranch molluscs, lomwe lili ndi mphonje ngati mphonje. Zambiri sizikudziwika pa moyo wa nzika zanyanja zakuya izi.
Dzinalo Elysia limalumikizidwa ndi nthano zakale zachi Greek. Mollusk imagwiritsa ntchito ubale wofanana ndi algae, photosynthesis imachitika mothandizidwa ndi ma chloroplast.
Kufalikira kwa kutembenuka kopindika.
Elysia curly amakhala ku Nyanja ya Caribbean komanso kufupi ndi Florida ndi Bermuda.
Malo okhala Elysia curly.
Elysia curly amakonda miyala yamchere yam'malo otentha ndipo amapezeka m'malo okhala m'madzi okhala ndi ndere zochulukirapo, zomwe zimasungidwa mozama kuyambira theka la mita mpaka mita khumi ndi ziwiri.
Zizindikiro zakunja kosokota.
Elysia curly imakhala yayikulu masentimita 5 mpaka 15. Molluscs nthawi zambiri amakhala obiriwira ndimadontho oyera, komabe, mitundu iyi imakhala ndi kusiyanasiyana kwake, chifukwa chake mitundu ina yamitundu ndiyotheka. Mapangidwe akuda kwambiri a chovalacho, ofanana ndi zokongola za buluu, lalanje, zofiirira ndi zachikasu, zomwe zili m'mbali mwa thupi. Mtundu uwu wa mtundu wa mollusk ndi gawo la photosynthetic, chifukwa chake amakhala molumikizana ndi algae wobiriwira ambiri.
Parapodia mu mawonekedwe a mapangidwe awiri mbali za thupi amapereka mawonekedwe a mollusk.
Thupi lotalikirana la visceral limagona mozungulira mwendo wapamwamba wanyama. Parapodia imawoneka ngati mapiko awiri kumtunda kwa thupi. Maonekedwe awa amafanana ndi tsamba la letesi. Ngakhale kupotokola kwa Elysia ndi nkhono, ilibe chovala, milomo, koma ili ndi mwendo ndi radula ("grater"). Zipangizo zamano - radula - zili mchikwama chake chapadera, chifukwa chake dzina loti thumba. Pharynx ndi yaminyewa ndipo imatha kutsegulidwira mkati. Ndi dzino lakuthwa, longa lopindika, mollusk imaboola khoma lazinyalala zamadzimadzi. Pharynx imakoka zomwe zili mkatimo ndipo msuzi wa selo umagayidwa. Chloroplast imalowa m'matope ndipo imapanga photosynthesis m'maselo akulu akulu am'mimba, yopatsa mphamvu mollusk.
Kuberekanso kopindika.
Mollusk Elysia curly ndi hermaphrodite yomwe imapanga maselo achimuna ndi achikazi. Pa nthawi yobereka, ziwombankhanga ziwiri zimasinthana umuna, zomwe zimatulutsidwa kudzera potseguka kuthupi lamwamuna.
Umuna umalowa mkati ndikutulutsa mazira m'matumbo achikazi.
Umuna wamkati wamkati umachitika. Elysia curly amayikira mazira ambiri poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina ya mtundu wa Elysia, kukula kwa clutch kumayambira mazira 30 mpaka 500. Ikamaika mazira mu Juni kapena koyambirira kwa Julayi, nkhonozi zimafa kumapeto kwa Julayi.
Palibe umboni wosamalira ana munthawi ya nudibranch mollusk. Moyo wa Elysia curly sunakhazikitsidwe m'chilengedwe, koma mitundu yofananira imakhala ndi moyo wosakwana chaka chimodzi.
Kukula kwa kuwongolera kopindika.
Pakukula kwake, elysia lopotana limadutsa magawo angapo amakulidwe, kuyambira ndi dzira, kenako gawo latsamba limatsata, ma elysias achichepere amapita kumalo akuluakulu.
Kukula kwa mazirawo ndi ma microns 120, patatha masiku 15 mphutsi zikuwonekera.
Mphutsi ndi pafupifupi 290 microns kukula kwake. Pambuyo masiku asanu, mphutsi zimakhala zofanana ndi elysias wamkulu.
Molluscs achichepere ali pafupifupi ma microns 530 kutalika. Amakhala pamalo owala, osasuntha mpaka atakhwima. Akuluakulu amalandira ma plastids kuchokera ku algae ophatikizana monga Halimeda incrassata ndi Penicillus capitatus.
Makhalidwe a Elysia curly.
Elysia curly mu msinkhu wachikulire amasuntha pang'ono, mphutsi zimakhala moyo wokhazikika, zimalandira mphamvu kuchokera ku gwero lowala. Mitunduyi ndi ya hermaphrodite ndipo imakumana ndi munthu wina kuti ibereke. Palibe chilichonse chokhudza chikhalidwe chawo.
Kukula kwa gawo ndi njira zolankhulirana.
Palibe chidziwitso chokhudza kukula kwa gawo limodzi komanso momwe gulu limakhalira. M'malo am'madzi, ma elysias opotana amapezana mothandizidwa ndi zotsekemera zam'mimba ndipo, akakumana, amalumikizana mothandizidwa ndi mahema. Udindo waukulu pakulankhulana ndi chilengedwe ndi wa maselo a chemoreceptor. Chemoreceptor amathandizira kupeza chakudya, kupewa nyama zodya anzawo, kuzindikira kupezeka kwa poizoni m'madzi, ndikupeza zibwenzi munthawi yoswana.
Chakudya chopindika cha Elysia.
Elysia curly ndi thupi lachilengedwe. Zimanyeketsa khungu la algae, koma sizigaya ma chloroplast. Slug ya m'nyanja imagwiritsa ntchito radula kuboola ma algal cell, ndikuyamwa zomwe zili mkatimo ndi mmero.
Ma chloroplast ochokera ku algae amalowa m'mapepala am'mimba ndipo amasungidwa ku parapodia.
Ma chloroplast awa amatha kukhala osasunthika ndikukhala mollusk kwa miyezi inayi, kujambula zithunzi, ndikupanga mphamvu yakuwala. Ubale wofanizirawu umatchedwa kleptoplasty. Kafukufuku watsimikiziridwa kuti mitundu yofanana kwambiri ya Elysia curlidae imakhalabe mumdima masiku 28 okha. Kupulumuka kuli mpaka 30%, zamoyo zomwe zimakhala mukuwala zimapulumuka kwathunthu. Zotsatira zake zimapereka umboni woti ma nudibranch amalandila mphamvu zowonjezera pantchito zawo zofunika, zomwe zimalipiritsa kusowa kwa chakudya - algae.
Kuteteza kwa Elysia curly.
Elysia curly alibe mwayi woteteza. M'chilengedwe cha m'nyanja, ndiye cholumikizira cha chakudya chomwe chimagulitsidwa. Masiponji, tizilombo ting'onoting'ono, tunicates amadya nudibranchs. Mitundu yokongola ya Elysia curly imakopa okonda nyama zam'madzi, zomwe zimawakhazika pamakorali ndi miyala yamadzi. Elysia curly, monga mitundu ina yambiri yamitundu yakuda, imagulitsidwa. Mukamaika mollusk wachilengedwe m'njira zokometsera, ndikofunikira kuti muzolowere moyo wawo pazinthu zachilengedwe komanso thanzi lawo. Elysia sakhala nthawi yayitali mumtambo wamadzi, chifukwa cha kuchepa kwachilengedwe kwachilengedwe komanso mawonekedwe apadera opezera chakudya.
