Mawonekedwe ndi malo okhala
Scolopendra - centipede, kapena moyenera, nyamakazi. Amakhala m'malo onse azanyengo, koma chimphona chimangopezeka kumadera otentha, makamaka centipede wamkulu amakonda kukhala ku Seychelles, nyengo imakhala yabwino kwambiri.
Zilombozi zimakhala m'nkhalango, mapiri, mapiri ouma, mapanga amiyala. Monga lamulo, mitundu yomwe imakhala m'malo otentha samakula mpaka kukula kwakukulu. Kutalika kwawo kumayambira 1 cm mpaka 10 cm.
Ndipo ma centipedes, omwe amakonda kukhala m'malo otentha, amangokhala akulu, malinga ndi miyezo ya ziphuphu, kukula - mpaka 30 cm - muyenera kuvomereza, zosangalatsa! Mwanjira imeneyi, nzika zadziko lathu zili ndi mwayi, chifukwa, Zolakwika za Crimeamusafike pamiyeso yochititsa chidwi ngati imeneyi.
Pokhala oimira olanda nyama a mtundu uwu, amakhala mosiyana, ndipo sakonda kukhala m'banja lalikulu komanso lochezeka. Masana, sizotheka kukakumana ndi centipede, chifukwa amakonda kukhala moyo wasana ndipo dzuwa litalowa amadzimva ngati mbuye padziko lathuli.
Pachithunzicho, Crimea skolopendra
Centipedes sakonda kutentha, ndipo sakonda masiku amvula mwina, chifukwa chokhala ndi moyo wabwino amasankha nyumba za anthu, makamaka zipinda zapansi zakuda.
Kapangidwe ka scolopendra ndichosangalatsa kwambiri. Torso ndikosavuta kuwonekera m'magawo akulu - mutu ndi thunthu. Thupi la tizilombo, lokutidwa ndi chipolopolo cholimba, limagawika ndi zigawo, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala 21-23.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, magawo oyamba alibe miyendo ndipo, kuphatikiza apo, mtundu wa gawo ili ndiwosiyana kwambiri ndi ena onse. Pamutu pa scolopendra, miyendo iwiri yoyamba imaphatikizaponso ntchito za nsagwada.
Pamapazi a phazi lililonse la centipede pali munga wakuthwa womwe umadzaza ndi poizoni. Kuphatikizanso apo, ntchofu zapoizoni zimadzaza malo onse amkati mwa thupi la tizilombo. Sikoyenera kulola kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizikumana ndi khungu la munthu. Ngati scolopendra yosokonekera ikukwawira munthu ndikudutsa khungu losatetezedwa, kukwiya kwakukulu kudzawonekera.
Tikupitiliza kuphunzira anatomy. Mwachitsanzo, chimphona chachikulu, yomwe imakhala makamaka ku South America, chilengedwe chimakhala ndi "wowonda" kwambiri komanso miyendo yayitali. Kutalika kwawo kumafika 2.5 cm kapena kupitilira apo.
Oyimira akulu kwambiri omwe amakhala m'chigwa cha Europe ali ndi scolopendra, amapezeka ku Crimea. Mutu wa kachilomboka, womwe umawoneka ngati chilombo chowopsa kuchokera ku zoopsa kapena kanema wowopsa, uli ndi nsagwada zolimba zodzaza ndi poizoni.
Pachithunzichi pali chimphona chachikulu
Chida choterocho ndi chida chabwino kwambiri ndipo chimathandiza centipede kusaka tizilombo tating'onoting'ono chabe, komanso kuwukira mileme, yomwe ndi yayikulu kwambiri kuposa centipede yomwe.
Miyendo yomaliza imalola scolopendra kuti iwononge nyama yayikulu, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito ngati mabuleki - mtundu wa nangula.
Ponena za utoto wamtundu, apa chilengedwe sichinatengeke ndi mithunzi ndikujambula centipede mumitundu mitundu yowala. Tizilombo tofiira, mkuwa, ubiriwira, utoto wofiirira, chitumbuwa, chikasu, ndikusandulika mandimu. Ndiponso malalanje ndi maluwa ena. Komabe, mitundu imatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera komwe kuli kachilombo komanso msinkhu wa tizilombo.
Khalidwe ndi moyo
Scolopendra ilibe munthu wochezeka, koma imatha kukhala chifukwa cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, owopsa komanso amanjenje. Kuchuluka kwa mantha mu centipedes kumachitika chifukwa choti sanapatsidwe mawonekedwe owoneka bwino ndi mawonekedwe amtundu wa chithunzicho - maso a centipedes amatha kusiyanitsa pakati pa kuwala kowala ndi mdima wathunthu.
Ndicho chifukwa chake centipede amachita mosamala kwambiri ndipo amakhala wokonzeka kuukira aliyense amene akumusokoneza. Simuyenera kunyoza centipede wanjala, chifukwa akafuna kudya, ndiwokwiya kwambiri. Kuthawa ku centipede sikophweka. Kulimbikira ndi kuyenda kwa tizilombo titha kusilira.
Mwa zina, centipede amakhala ndi njala nthawi zonse, amatafuna china chake nthawi zonse, ndipo chifukwa cha dongosolo lakugaya chakudya, lomwe limakonzedwa mwa iye.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti! Ofufuza nthawi ina adawona momwe wachikuda wofiira mutu waku China, atadya ndi mleme, adagaya gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a chakudya pasanathe maola atatu.
Anthu ambiri, chifukwa chakusadziwa, ali ndi malingaliro olakwika akuti scolopendra ali ndi poizoni wamphamvu motero ndiwowopsa kwa anthu. Koma izi ndizolakwika. Kwenikweni, poizoni wa tizilomboto ndiwowopsa kuposa njuchi kapena mavu.
Ngakhale mwachilungamo ziyenera kudziwika kuti matenda opweteka kuchokera ku mbola ya centipede ndikofanana ndi kuluma kwa njuchi 20 zomwe zimatulutsidwa munthawi yomweyo. Kuluma kwa Scolopendra zikuyimira zovuta ngozi kwa anthungati amatha kusokonezeka.
Ngati munthu walumidwa ndi scolopendra, ndiye kuti ayenera kuthira tchuthi pamwamba pa bala, ndipo kulumako kuyenera kuthandizidwa ndi yankho la zamchere la soda. Pambuyo popereka chithandizo choyamba, muyenera kupita kuchipatala kukalepheretsa kukula kwa chifuwa.
Ndizosangalatsa! Anthu omwe ali ndi zowawa zosapiririka amatha kuthandizidwa ndi molekyulu yomwe imapezeka ndi poyizoni wa scolopendra. Asayansi ochokera ku Australia adatha kupeza njira yothanirana ndi ululu wa poizoni womwe umapezeka ku Chinese scolopendra. Tsopano chinthu amapangidwa kuchokera ku poizoni wa arthropods odyetsa, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu ma analgesics angapo ndi mankhwala.
Zakudya za Scolopendra
Zatchulidwa kale kuti anthu ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa ndi odyetsa. Kumtchire, tizilombo timakonda tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tamasana kuti tidye nkhomaliro, koma zimphona zazikulu zimaphatikizaponso njoka zazing'ono ndi makoswe ang'onoang'ono pazakudya zawo. Amakondanso achule ngati chakudya chokoma cha ku France.
Upangiri! Centipede wokhala ndi ling'i, poyerekeza ndi komwe amachokera kumadera otentha, ali ndi poyizoni wowopsa. Chifukwa chake, okonda omwe amafuna kusungitsa zokongola izi kunyumba ayenera kugula kaye scolopendra wowopsa kwa anthu.
Ndiye, podziwa bwino chilengedwe cha Mulungu, mutha kugula chiweto chachikulu. Scolopendra ndi odyera mwachilengedwe, chifukwa chake muli kunyumba scolopendra makamaka m'makontena osiyanasiyana, apo ayi amene amadya mwamphamvu ndi wachibale wofooka.
Scolopendra alibe chosankha mu ukapolo, kotero iwo adzakhala okondwa kulawa zonse zomwe mwiniwake wachikondi angawapatse. Ndi chisangalalo, amadya kriketi, mphemvu, ndi mbozi. Mwambiri, kwa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, ndikwanira kudya ndikudya ma crickets asanu.
Kuwona kosangalatsa, ngati scolopendra amakana kudya, ndiye nthawi yoti moult. Ngati tikulankhula za kusungunuka, ndiye kuti muyenera kudziwa kuti centipede amatha kusintha mawonekedwe akale akale, makamaka nthawi zina akafuna kukula.
Chowonadi ndichakuti exoskeleton imakhala ndi chitin, ndipo gawo ili silinapatsidwe mphatso yodzitambasulira - ndiyopanda moyo, chifukwa chake ngati mukufuna kukulira, muyenera kuvula zovala zanu zakale ndikusintha zatsopano. Achinyamata molt kamodzi miyezi iwiri iliyonse, komanso akulu kawiri pachaka.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo
Kulipira centipede amakhala okhwima pakadutsa zaka ziwiri. Akuluakulu amakonda kuchita zomwe amakopana mwakachetechete usiku kuti pasakhale aliyense wophwanya idyll yawo. Pogonana, wamwamuna amatha kupanga cocoon, yomwe ili mgawo lomaliza.
Pachithunzicho, clutch ya mazira a scolopendra
Mu cocoon iyi, umuna umasonkhanitsidwa - spermatophore. Mkazi amathawira kwa wosankhidwayo, amatulutsa timadzi ta seminal potseguka, yotchedwa maliseche. Akakwatirana, miyezi ingapo pambuyo pake, scolopendra mayi amaikira mazira. Amatha kuikira mazira 120. Pambuyo pake, nthawi yochulukirapo iyenera kudutsa - miyezi 2-3 ndipo ana "okongola" amabadwa.
Scolopendra samasiyana mwachifundo, ndipo popeza amakonda kudya anzawo, nthawi zambiri akabereka, mayi amatha kulawa ana awo, ndipo ana, atakula pang'ono, amatha kudya amayi awo.
Chifukwa chake, scolopendra ikabereka ana, ndibwino kuwakhazikitsa mu terrarium ina. Ali mu ukapolo, centipedes amatha kusangalatsa eni ake kwa zaka 7-8, ndipo pambuyo pake achoka mdziko lino.
