Mbidzi nsomba (Pterois volitans) za banja chinkhanira, mtundu lionfish, kalasi - mafupa nsomba.
Kufalitsa nsomba za mbidzi.
Nsomba za Zebra zimapezeka m'chigawo cha Indo-Pacific. Kugawidwa ku Western Australia ndi Malaysia ku Marquesas Islands ndi Oeno; kumpoto mpaka ku South Japan ndi South Korea; kuphatikizapo South Lord Howe, Kermadec ndi South Island.
Nsomba za Zebra zinagwidwa m'mbali mwa nyanja pafupi ndi Florida pomwe madzi am'madzi am'madzi am'madzi am'madzi am'madzi amawonongeka panthawi yamkuntho Andrew mu 1992. Kuphatikiza apo, nsomba zina zimaponyera munyanja mwangozi kapena mwadala ndi anthu. Zotsatira zakubadwa kwa nsomba za mbidzi muzochitika zatsopano, palibe amene anganeneratu.
Malo okhala nsomba za Zebra.
Nsomba za Zebra zimangokhala m'miyala, koma zimatha kusambira m'madzi ofunda, am'nyanja otentha. Amakonda kuyenda m'miyala ndi m'matanthwe a korali usiku ndipo amabisala m'mapanga ndi m'mapanga masana.
Zizindikiro zakunja kwa mbidzi.
Nsomba za Zebra zimasiyanitsidwa ndi mutu ndi thupi lokongola bwino lokhala ndi mikwingwirima yofiira kapena golide wonyezimira wobalalika pachikaso chachikaso. Zipsepse zakuthambo ndi kumatako zimakhala ndi mizere yakuda yakuda.
Nsomba za Zebra zimasiyanitsidwa ndi zinkhanira zina mwa kupezeka kwa 13 osati 12 mitsempha yam'mimba yam'mimba, ndipo zimakhala ndi cheza chotalika ngati 14 cha nthenga. Anal fin yokhala ndi ma spines atatu ndi cheza 6-7. Nsomba za Zebra zimatha kutalika mpaka masentimita 38. Zina mwa mawonekedwe akunja zimaphatikizapo mafupa amfupa omwe amayenda mbali zonse za mutu ndi ziphuphu, pang'ono kuphimba maso ndi mphuno. Pamwamba pamaso onse awiri pali zowonekera zapadera - "mahema".
Kuswana nsomba za mbidzi.
Nthawi yoswana, nsomba za mbidzi zimasonkhana m'masukulu ang'onoang'ono a nsomba 3-8. Nsomba za mbidzi zikafuna kuswana, kusiyana kwakunja kumawonekera pakati pa amuna ndi akazi osiyanasiyana.
Mtundu wamwamuna umakhala wakuda komanso wunifolomu, mikwingwirima siyotchulidwa kwambiri.
Akazi amakhala otukuka panthawi yobereka. Mimba yawo, pharyngeal dera, ndi pakamwa pamakhala poyera. Chifukwa chake, yamphongo imazindikira mosavuta akazi mumdima. Amamira pansi ndi kugona pafupi ndi chachikazi, kuthandizira thupi ndi zipsepse zake zamchiuno. Kenako amafotokoza mabwalo ozungulira achikazi, amatuluka pamwamba pamadzi pambuyo pake. Pakukwera, zipsepse za pectoral za flutter wamkazi. Awiriwa amatha kutsika ndikukwera m'madzi kangapo asanabadwe. Kenako mkazi amatulutsa timachubu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timayandama pansi pamadzi. Pakadutsa mphindi 15, mapaipi awa amadzaza ndi madzi ndikukhala mipira yayikulu pakati pa 2 ndi 5 cm. M'mipira iyi, mazira amagona m'magulu 1-2. Chiwerengero cha mazirawo chimachokera pa 2,000 kufika pa 15,000. Yaimuna imatulutsa timadzi timadzi, timene timaloĊµa m'mazirawo ndi kumata.
Mazirawo amayamba kupangika patadutsa maola khumi ndi awiri kuchokera pamene umuna watuluka. Pakadutsa maola 18 mutu umayamba kuwonekera ndipo mwachangu amawoneka patatha maola 36 kuchokera kubereketsa. Ali ndi zaka zinayi, mphutsi zimasambira bwino ndikudya ma kiliyiti ang'onoang'ono.
Makhalidwe a nsomba za mbidzi.
Nsomba za Zebra ndi nsomba zoyenda usiku zomwe zimayenda mumdima pogwiritsa ntchito pang'onopang'ono, zosunthika za zipsepse zakuthambo ndi kumatako. Ngakhale amadyetsa makamaka mpaka 1 koloko m'mawa, nthawi zina amadyetsa masana. M'bandakucha, mbidzi nsomba zimabisala m'misasa pakati pa miyala yamiyala ndi miyala.
Nsomba zimakhala m'magulu ang'onoang'ono ali ndi zaka zachangu komanso nthawi yokwatirana.
Komabe, kwa moyo wawo wonse, nsomba zazikulu zimakhala zokha ndipo zimateteza malo awo mwamphamvu ku nsomba zina zam'madzi ndi nsomba zamitundumitundu, pogwiritsa ntchito msana wakupha kumbuyo kwawo. Nsomba zamphongo zazimuna zimakhala zolusa kwambiri kuposa zazikazi. Pakakhala chibwenzi, champhongo chimayandikira wobisalayo ndi zipsepse zapakati pomwe mdani akuwonekera. Kenako, mokwiya, imasambira apa ndi apo, ndikuwonetsa minga wakupha kumbuyo kwake pamaso pa adani. Wopikisana naye atayandikira, minga iigundana, mutu ukugwedezeka, ndipo yamphongo imayesera kuluma mutu wa wolakwayo. Kulumidwa mwankhanza kumeneku kumatha kudula ziwalo zathupi lawo kuchokera kwa mdani, kuphatikiza apo, wolowererayo nthawi zambiri amapunthwa paminga yakuthwa.
Nsomba za Zebra ndi nsomba zoopsa.
Mu lionfish, ma gland amafinya amapezeka m'malo owala am'mimbamo. Nsomba sizimenya anthu, koma ngati zingakumane mwangozi ndi minga wakupha, zopweteka zimapitilira kwanthawi yayitali. Pambuyo kukhudzana ndi nsomba, pali zizindikiro za poyizoni: thukuta, kupuma maganizo, mkhutu mtima ntchito.
Zakudya za nsomba za Zebra.
Nsomba za Zebra zimapeza chakudya pakati pa miyala ya coral. Amadyetsa makamaka ma crustaceans, zina zopanda mafupa ndi nsomba zazing'ono, kuphatikiza mwachangu za mitundu yawo. Nsomba za Zebra zimadya maulendo 8.2 kulemera kwawo pachaka. Mitunduyi imadyetsa dzuwa likamalowa, iyi ndi nthawi yabwino kwambiri yosaka, chifukwa moyo wamiyala yamakorali ndiyomwe imatsegulidwa panthawiyi. Dzuwa likulowa, nsomba zam'masana ndi nyama zopanda mafupa masana zimapita kumalo opumulirako, nyama zakutchire zimapita kukadya. Nsomba za Mbidzi siziyenera kugwira ntchito molimbika kuti zipeze chakudya. Amangoyenda m'miyala ndi m'makorali ndipo amazemba nyama kuchokera pansi. Kuyenda mosalala m'madzi, komanso mitundu yodzitchinjiriza, sikuyambitsa mantha kwa omwe angakumane nawo mtsogolo, ndipo nsomba zazing'ono sizitenga nthawi yomweyo mawonekedwe a lionfish. Maonekedwe amizeremizere mthupi amalola kuti nsombazi zisakanikane ndi maziko a nthambi zamakorali, starfish ndi zikopa zam'nyanja.
Nsomba za Zebra zimaukira mwachangu kwambiri ndipo m'modzi mwamphamvu zimayamwa nyama kukamwa. Kuukira kumeneku kumachitika mosavuta komanso mwachangu kotero kuti onse omwe akhudzidwa ndi sukulu ya nsomba sangazindikire kuti m'modzi mwa achibalewo wasowa. Nsomba za Zebra zimasaka nsomba m'madzi otseguka pafupi ndi pomwepo, zimayembekezera nyama zomwe zili pansi pa 20-30 metres kuchokera pamadzi ndikuyang'ana masukulu ang'onoang'ono a nsomba, omwe nthawi zina amalumpha m'madzi, kuthawa adani ena. Ndipo akagweranso m'madzi, amasanduka nyama ya mkango.
Kuphatikiza pa nsomba, nsomba za mbidzi zimadya nyama zopanda mafupa, amphipods, isopods, ndi zina zotere. Nsomba za Zebra zimadumphira pagawo (miyala kapena mchenga) ndikugwedezeka ndi kunyezimira kwa zipsepse zawo kutengera nyama yaying'ono kumadzi.
Pakakhala chakudya chochuluka, nsomba zimangoyenda pang'onopang'ono m'madzi, zimatha kukhala osadya kwa maola 24.
Nsomba za Zebra zimakula msanga ndikufikira kukula kwakukulu akadali aang'ono. Izi zimawonjezera mwayi wopulumuka komanso woswana bwino.
Kuteteza nsomba za mbidzi.
Nsomba za Zebra sizinatchulidwe ngati mitundu yomwe ili pangozi kapena pangozi. Komabe, kuwonjezeka kwa kuipitsidwa kwa matanthwe a coral akuyembekezeka kupha nsomba zing'onozing'ono zingapo ndi nkhanu zomwe zimadya nsomba za mbidzi. Ngati nsomba za mbidzi sizingathe kusintha zosinthazi posankha njira zina zopezera chakudya, ndiye kuti, ziweto zawo zipitilizabe kuchepa mtsogolo.
