Svenson buzzard (Buteo swainsoni) ndi a oda ya Falconiformes.
Zizindikiro zakunja kwa Svenson buzzard.
Mphemvu ya Svenson ili ndi kukula kwa masentimita 56, mapiko a masentimita 117 mpaka 137. Mitundu iwiri ya ma morphological imakhalapo muutoto wa nthenga. Kulemera - kuchokera magalamu 820 mpaka 1700. Makhalidwe akunja a amuna ndi akazi ndi ofanana.
Mu mbalame zokhala ndi nthenga zowala, pamphumi loyera limasiyanitsidwa ndi mitundu yofananira yakuda yakuda ya khosi, kumbuyo komanso mbali zambiri zakumtunda. Nthenga zonse zimakhala ndi zowunikira za imvi. Malo oyera oyera amakongoletsa khosi. Nthenga zoyambirira ndi zachiwiri ndizimvi zakuda ndi mikwingwirima yakuda kwambiri mkati. Mchira ndi wotuwa mopepuka ndi maziko oyera.
Nthenga ziwirizi zimakhala ndi bulauni ndipo zimakhala ndi mitundu yambiri yakuda, komanso mikwingwirima khumi yakuda. Chibwano ndi pakati pakhosi ndizoyera. Malo otakasuka ofiira ofiira ofiira amaphimba pachifuwa chonse. Mbali zakumunsi za thupi ndi zoyera, nthawi zina zimakhala zofiirira, mbali zosanjikizana pamwamba.
Gulani pansi ndi mikwingwirima yakuda yakuda. Iris ya diso ndi yakuda bulauni. Sera ndi ngodya zam'kamwa zimakhala zachikasu. Mlomo ndi wakuda. Ma paw ndi achikaso. Buzzards akuda a Svenson ali ndi utoto wofanana ndi ma buzzards owala. Thupi lonse, kuphatikiza mutu, ndi mdima, pafupifupi wakuda kapena wakuda-wakuda. Nthenga zonse zokutira ndi nthenga zamapiko zimasiyanitsidwa ndi mikwingwirima yosiyana. Gulani ndi mikwingwirima yakuda kwambiri.
Dusky Swenson Buzzards ndi mbalame zosowa kwenikweni, kupatula California, komwe zimapanga gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu. Palinso gawo lofiira pakati, pomwe mbali zake zimakhala ndi mikwingwirima yofiirira kapena yofiirira yokhala ndi mikwingwirima yambiri.
Undertail bulauni wokhala ndi malo amdima. Achikulire achichepere a Svenson ali ofanana ndi mbalame zazikulu, koma ali ndi mawanga ndi mikwingwirima yambiri kumtunda ndi kumunsi kwa thupi. Chifuwa ndi mbali zake ndi zakuda kwambiri. Achikulire achichepere a Svenson amdima wamtundu amadziwika ndi zowunikira zazing'ono kumtunda. Mlomo wonyezimira umakhala wabuluu wopanda kuwala. Sera imakhala yobiriwira. Mawonekedwe oterera kapena obiriwira otuwa.
Malo okhala mbewa ya Svenson.
Buzzard wa Svenson amapezeka m'malo otseguka kapena osatseguka: zipululu, malo odyetserako udzu, nthawi yozizira komanso nthawi yogona. M'nyengo yotentha, chilombo chokhala ndi nthenga chimakonda malo osazazidwa ndi udzu wokhala ndi mitengo ingapo yomwe ikukula yokha, makamaka chifukwa m'malo amenewa mumakhala mbewa ndi tizilombo, zomwe ndizakudya zazikulu.
Ku California, Swenson Buzzard imayang'ana madera olima komwe imapeza zakudya zochulukirapo kanayi kuposa malo ena obisalapo. Ku Colorado, imakhala makamaka zigwa ndipo, pang'ono pang'ono, malo oyera audzu ndi malo olimapo. Madera onsewa amangokhala ndi nkhalango pang'ono ndipo ndi oyenera kukaikira mazira. Mbalame zomwe zimabisala ku North America nthawi zambiri zimasankha malo olimapo pomwe zimapeza chakudya mosavuta. M'nyengo yozizira, amayenda kuchokera kumunda wina kupita ku wina, pang'onopang'ono amayang'ana malowa ndikupita patsogolo.
Kufalitsa kwa mbewa ya Svenson.
Ziphuphu za Svenson ndizofala ku America. M'ngululu ndi chilimwe, mbalame zimakhazikika ku North America, British Columbia mpaka California. Kugawidwa ku Texas ndi kumpoto kwa Mexico (Sonora, Chihuahua ndi Durango). M'mapiri a Great, malirewo ali pamlingo wa Kansas, Nebraska, ndi tawuni ya Oklahoma. M'nyengo yozizira ya Swainson buzzard ku South America, makamaka ku Pampas.
Makhalidwe a Svenson buzzard.
Buzzards a Svenson ndi mbalame zokhazokha. M'nyengo yobereketsa, mbalame zazikulu ziwiri zimawonetsa ndege zowoneka bwino, pomwe zimauluka padera pafupi ndi chisa. Buzzards a Svenson amafotokoza mabwalo akumwamba okhala ndi m'mimba mwake kilomita imodzi ndi theka. Poyamba, mbalame zonse ziwiri zimayamba kutalika kwa mita 90 isanayambire kuyenda mozungulira, ndikuyambiranso mozungulira mozungulira. Ndege yowonetsera imathera ndi njira yayitali yofanizira ndikufika pachisa. Mkazi amalowa nawo mwambo wamwamuna ndi wamwamuna.
Kuswana kwa mbewa ya Svenson.
Swainson buzzards ndi mbalame zam'madera. Pakati pa nthawi yodzala, amapikisana ndi mbalame zina zodya nyama monga Buteo regalis m'malo obisalira. M'malo mwake, pakusamuka, amalekerera kupezeka kwa mitundu ina ya mbalame, ndikupanga magulu akulu. Nthawi yoberekera ma buluu a Svenson imayamba mu Marichi kapena Epulo pamalo omwewo amaikira mazira monga zaka zam'mbuyomu.
Chisa chakale chikawonongedwa, akhungubwi awiri amamanga chatsopano. Zisa nthawi zambiri zimakhala zazing'ono ndipo zimakhala pamtunda wa 5 kapena 6 mita pansi. Mbalame zimakonda kupanga chisa pa spruce, mountain pine, mesquite, poplar, elm komanso nkhadze. Ntchito yomanga kapena kukonzanso imatenga masiku 7 mpaka 15. Amuna amabwera ndi zinthu zambiri ndikugwira ntchito yovuta kwambiri. Onse awiri amayala chisa ndi nthambi zobiriwira ndi masamba mkati. Mkazi amaikira mazira 1 mpaka 4 oyera ndi masiku awiri. Amayi okhaokha amakwanira masiku 34 - 35, abambo amamudyetsa. Nthawi zina mkazi amasiya zowalamulira, koma mnzake amakhala.
Ziphuphu za achinyamata a Svenoson zimakula msanga: amatha kusiya chisa m'masiku 33 - 37, ndikupanga ndege zawo zoyambirira. Munthawi yonseyi, mbalame zazing'ono zikamatha kuuluka bwino, zimakhala pafupi ndi makolo awo ndipo zimalandira chakudya kuchokera kwa iwo. Amakonzekera maulendo apandege kwa pafupifupi mwezi umodzi, kuti athe kuchoka kwawo komwe ali okha kugwa.
Kudyetsa kwa Svenson buzzard.
Buzzards a Swainson amadya zakudya zosiyanasiyana. Mbalame zodya nyama zimadya tizilombo, nyama zazing'ono komanso mbalame. Zinyama zimaphatikizapo mbewa, ma shrew, lagomorphs, agologolo agalu ndi makoswe. Menyu yambiri ndi nyama - 52% yazakudya zonse, 31% tizilombo, mbalame 17%. Kapangidwe kazakudya kamasintha ndi nyengo.
Mkhalidwe wosungira mbewa ya Svenson.
M'madera ena, monga California, ziphuphu za Swainson zatsika kwambiri kotero kuti zatsika ndi 10% kuchokera kukula kwake koyambirira. Chifukwa chakuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa mbalame zodya nyama ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe alimi aku Argentina adachita, zomwe zidawononga mbalame zosachepera 20,000. Akuti 40,000 mpaka 53,000 awiriawiri a ziphuphu za Swainson amakhala kuthengo. IUCN imayika mtundu wa Swensonian Buzzard ngati mtundu womwe suwopseza zochuluka.
