Bakha wa New Zealand (Aythya novaeseelandiae) ndi wa banja la bakha, dongosolo la Anseriformes. Wodziwika kuti Black Teal kapena Papango, bakha uyu ndi bakha wakuda wakuda yemwe amapezeka ku New Zealand.
Zizindikiro zakunja kwa bakha wa New Zealand
Bakha wa ku New Zealand amakwaniritsa masentimita 40 - 46. Kulemera kwake: 550 - 746 magalamu.
Ndi bakha wamng'ono, wakuda kwathunthu. Amuna ndi akazi amapezeka mosavuta kumalo okhalamo, alibe chidziwitso chokhudzana ndi kugonana. Mwa champhongo, kumbuyo, khosi ndi mutu ndizakuda ndi kunyezimira, pomwe mbali zake zimakhala zofiirira. Mimbayo ndi yofiirira. Maso amasiyanitsidwa ndi iris wachikasu wagolide. Mlomo wake ndi wabuluu, wakuda kunsonga kwake. Mlomo wa mkazi ndi wofanana ndi wamwamuna, koma umasiyana nawo pakalibe malo akuda, ndi bulauni yakuda kwathunthu, yomwe, mwalamulo, imakhala ndi mzere woyera woloza m'munsi. Iris ndi bulauni. Nthenga zomwe zili pansi pa thupi zimachepetsedwa pang'ono.
Anapiye okutidwa ndi bulauni pansi. Thupi lakumtunda ndilopepuka, khosi ndi nkhope ndizofiirira. Mlomo, miyendo, iris ndi imvi yakuda. Zoluka pamapazi ndizakuda. Abakha achichepere amafanana ndi nthenga kwa akazi, koma alibe zipsera zoyera pansi pamlomo wakuda wakuda. Bakha wa New Zealand ndi mtundu umodzi wokha.
Kufalikira kwa nkhumba ku New Zealand
Bakha wa New Zealand akufalikira ku New Zealand.
Malo okhala bakha wa New Zealand
Monga mitundu yofanana kwambiri, Bakha wa New Zealand amapezeka m'madzi amchere, achilengedwe komanso opangira, ozama mokwanira. Imasankha madamu akuluakulu okhala ndi madzi oyera, mayiwe am'munsi kwambiri ndi malo osungira magetsi opangira magetsi m'chigawo chapakati kapena chakumtunda kutali ndi gombe.
Amakonda kukhala m'madzi osatha, omwe ali pamtunda wa mamita chikwi pamwamba pa nyanja, komanso amapezeka m'madambo ena, nyanja za deltas ndi nyanja zam'mphepete mwa nyanja, makamaka nthawi yozizira. Bakha wa New Zealand amakonda madera akumapiri komanso odyetserako ziweto ku New Zealand.
Makhalidwe amtundu wa anthu aku New Zealand
Abakha aku New Zealand amakhala nthawi yayitali pamadzi, amangopita kumtunda kuti akapumule. Komabe, kukhala pansi sikofunikira kwa abakha. Abakha ku New Zealand amangokhala ndipo samasuntha. Abakha awa nthawi zonse amakhala pamphepete mwa madzi pafupi ndi sedge, kapena kupumula pagulu lamadzi pamtunda wina kuchokera kunyanja.
Amakhala pachibwenzi, motero nthawi zambiri amakumana awiriawiri kapena magulu aanthu anayi kapena asanu.
M'nyengo yozizira, New Zealand Bakha ndi ena mwa magulu osakanikirana pamodzi ndi mitundu ina ya mbalame, pomwe abakha amakhala omasuka pagulu losakanikirana.
Kuuluka kwa abakha awa sikolimba kwambiri, monyinyirika amakwera mlengalenga, atakakamira kumtunda kwa madzi ndi zikopa zawo. Akanyamuka, amawuluka pamalo otsika, ndikupopera madzi. Akuuluka, amawonetsa mzere woyera pamwamba pamapiko awo, womwe umawoneka ndipo umaloleza kuzindikira mitundu, pomwe pansi pake pamayera kwambiri.
Chida chofunikira chosambira m'madzi ndikufalikira kumapazi ndi miyendo yayikulu kumbuyo. Izi zimapangitsa kuti bakha wa New Zealand azisambira mosambira komanso osambira, koma abakha amayenda movutikira pamtunda.
Amayenda pansi pamadzi osachepera 3 mita ndikudyetsa ndipo atha kufikira mozama kwambiri. Ma dive amatha masekondi 15 mpaka 20, koma mbalame zimatha kukhala m'madzi kwa mphindi imodzi. Pofunafuna chakudya, amatembenukiranso ndikugubuduzika m'madzi osaya. Mbalame za bakha ku New Zealand sizimakhala chete nthawi isanakwane. Amuna amatulutsa mluzu wotsika.
Zakudya zatsopano za bakha ku New Zealand
Mofanana ndi ma fuligule ambiri, abakha aku New Zealand amathamangira pansi kukafuna chakudya, koma tizilombo tina tikhoza kukodwa pamadzi. Zakudyazo zimakhala ndi:
- zamoyo zopanda mafinya (molluscs ndi tizilombo);
- pitani chakudya chomwe abakha amapeza pansi pamadzi.
Kubalana ndi kukaikira mazira kwa bakha wa New Zealand
Magulu awiri abakha ku New Zealand amapanga kumayambiriro kwa masika kumwera kwa dziko lapansi, makamaka kumapeto kwa Seputembala kapena koyambirira kwa Novembala. Nthawi zina nyengo yoswana imatha mpaka February. Ankhamba amawoneka mu Disembala. Abakha chisa awiriawiri kapena kupanga magulu ang'onoang'ono.
Pa nthawi yobereka, awiriawiri amatuluka mgulu la ziweto mu Seputembala, ndipo amuna amadzakhala gawo. Pakukondana, yamphongo imatenga ziwonetsero, mwaluso, ndikuponyanso mutu wake ndi mlomo wokwera. Kenako amayandikira chachikazi, akuimba mluzu motsitsa.
Zisa zimapezeka mu zomera zowirira, pamwamba pamadzi, nthawi zambiri pafupi ndi zisa zina. Amamangidwa ndi udzu, masamba a bango ndipo amalumikizidwa ndi kutsitsa thupi la bakha.
Oviposition imachitika kuyambira kumapeto kwa Okutobala mpaka Disembala, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale pambuyo pake, makamaka ngati chowotcha choyamba chatayika, ndiye kuti chachiwiri chimatheka mu February. Kuchuluka kwa mazira kumawonedwa kuyambira 2 - 4, osapezekanso mpaka 8. Nthawi zina chisa chimodzi chimakhala mpaka 15, koma zikuwoneka kuti adayikiratu ndi abakha ena. Mazirawo ndi olemera, zonona zakuda mumtundu wake komanso wokulirapo kwa mbalame yaying'ono chonchi.
Makulitsidwe amatenga masiku 28 - 30, amangochitika ndi akazi okha.
Pamene anapiye awoneka, akazi amawatsogolera kumadzi tsiku lililonse. Amalemera magalamu 40 okha. Wamphongo amakhala pafupi ndi bakha wosachedwa ndipo pambuyo pake amatsogolera anapiye.
Amphaka ndi anapiye ngati ana ndipo amatha kumira ndi kusambira. Ndi wamkazi yekha amene amatsogolera ana. Abakha achichepere samauluka mpaka miyezi iwiri, kapena miyezi iwiri ndi theka.
Mkhalidwe Wotetezera Bakha wa New Zealand
Bakha waku New Zealand adavutika kwambiri mzaka zoyambirira zam'ma 2000 chifukwa cha kusaka nyama, chifukwa chake bakha wamtunduwu adatha pafupifupi madera onse otsika. Kuyambira 1934, bakha wa New Zealand sanachotsedwe pamndandanda wa mbalame zamasewera, chifukwa chake idafalikira mwachangu kumadziwe angapo omwe adapangidwa ku South Island.
Masiku ano, bakha wa New Zealand akuyerekeza kuti ndi ochepera 10 zikwi zikuluzikulu. Kuyesera mobwerezabwereza kusamutsira abulu ku North Island ku New Zealand kwatsimikizira kukhala kothandiza. Pakadali pano, maderawa amakhala ndi anthu ochepa, omwe kuchuluka kwawo sikusintha kwakuthwa. Bakha wa New Zealand ndi wamtunduwu wosawopseza kukhalapo kwa mitunduyo.
