Whale wakupha (Anas falcata) ndi wa banja la bakha, dongosolo la Anseriformes.
Zizindikiro zakunja za nangumi wakupha
Whale whale amakhala ndi thupi lokulirapo pafupifupi masentimita 54. Mapiko otambasula amafikira masentimita 78 mpaka 82. Kulemera: 585 - 770 magalamu.
Wamwamuna ndi wopepuka kuposa wamkazi. Thupi ndi lolemera komanso lalikulu. Chipewa ndi chozungulira. Mlomo ndi woonda. Mchira wake ndi wamfupi. Pazifukwa izi, whale whale amatha kusiyanitsidwa mosavuta ndi abakha ena. Mtundu wa nthenga wamwamuna ndi wamkazi ndi wosiyana, kuphatikiza apo, kusinthasintha kwa nyengo kwamtundu wa nthenga kumawoneka.
Mwa wamwamuna wamkulu, nthawi yobisalira, nthenga ndi mitu zimapangidwa utoto wobiriwira, wamkuwa ndi wofiirira. Pali banga loyera pamphumi pake pamwambapa. Khosi ndi khosi lakumaso ndizoyera, atazunguliridwa ndi kolala yakuda yopapatiza. Chifuwacho ndi chotuwa ndi malo akuda. Mimba, mbali ndi gawo lakumtunda ndizoyenda ndi zikopa zazikulu, zazing'ono, zotumbululuka. Chogulitsachi ndi choyera chikasu, m'malire akuda. Nthenga ndi ma scapulaires, imvi, yolumikizidwa komanso yosongoka. Wakuda wakuda ndi imvi, wolumikizidwa, lakuthwa komanso lopindika.
Nthenga zosayerekezereka zooneka ngati chikwakwa ndi chinthu chochititsa chidwi kwambiri cha nangumi.
Kumbuyo, pachifuwa ndi nthenga zina za mchira ndi zakuda. Nthenga zonse zokutira zamapiko zimakhala ndi malo oyera oyera. Nthenga zonse zoyambirira zimakhala zakuda, zakuda ndi ubweya wonyezimira wobiriwira. Yamphongo kunja kwa nthawi yogona imakhala ndi nthenga, chimodzimodzi ndi ya bakha.
Mkazi ali ndi nthenga zochepa. Komabe, korona wamutu ndi dorsum ndi wakuda, mtundu wa mapikowo ndi wofanana ndi wamphongo. Nthenga zapamwamba zimakhala zazifupi komanso zopindika. Pamutu pake pali tuft yayifupi. Nthenga za mutu ndi khosi ndizofiirira komanso zotumphuka ndi mitsempha yambiri yakuda. Chifuwa ndi zotsala zonse zimakhala zofiirira komanso zakuda.
Pakatikati mwa mimba ndi yopepuka, yachikasu. Pali mabala amdima pamimba pamunsi. Thupi lakumtunda ndi msana ndi bulauni yakuda ndi zowoneka zofiirira. Nsonga za nthenga pachotumphuka zimakhala zachikasu; nthenga zina za mchira zimakhala za mthunzi umodzi. Mchira ndi wakuda ndi mawanga akuda komanso wotumbululuka kumapeto. Nthenga zonse zokutira zamapiko ndi zofiirira ndi zoterera. Nthenga zam'mbali, zakuda ndi malo obiriwira. Mkazi alibe nthenga zokhotakhota zowuluka. Ma underwings amawoneka ofiira, okhala ndi mawanga owonekera kwambiri pa nthenga zazing'ono zazikuluzikulu.
Whale wamkazi wakupha ndi wofanana kwambiri ndi bakha wa imvi, ngakhale amasiyana ndi iye mu tuft yaying'ono pamutu pake ndi galasi lobiriwira. Mlomo ndi wakuda. Iris ya diso ndi yofiirira. Miyendo ndi imvi ndi khungu lachikasu.
Nthenga za abakha ofanana ndizofanana ndi zazimayi.
Malo ophera chinsomba
Whale whale ndi mbalame yam'madzi. Pakati pa nyengo yoswana, imakhazikika pafupi ndi malo osefukira madzi, panyanja zigwa. Zimapezeka pazigwa, zotseguka kapena zamatabwa pang'ono. M'nyengo yozizira, amakhala makamaka pafupi ndi mitsinje, nyanja, madambo osefukira, osakhala m'mphepete mwa madoko komanso malo am'mbali mwa nyanja.
Whale wakupha anafalikira
Whale wakupha amapezeka ku Southeast Asia. Uwu ndi mtundu wa abakha ambiri, koma ochepa. Malo obisalapo ndi akulu komanso ophatikizika, omwe amapezeka kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Siberia kupita ku basara ya Angara kumadzulo, kumpoto kwa Mongolia, Heilungskiang ku China. Mulinso Sakhalin, Hokkaïdo ndi Kouryles Islands.
Zima m'zidikha zambiri ku China ndi Japan.
Amasamukira ku Korea ndi kumwera kupita ku Vietnam. Mbalame zochepa zimasamukira kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa India, koma chinsomba chakupha chimakhala mtundu wosakonda kwambiri wa abakha kumadzulo kwa dziko la Nepal. M'madera ena, chilala chikafika kumadera ozizira achizungu, magulu akutali a mbalame amapezeka ku Western Siberia, Iran, Iraq, Afghanistan, Jordan komanso Turkey.
Makhalidwe a anamgumi opha
Ankhondo akupha m'malo awo amakhala magulu osinthika. Mbalame zambiri zimapezeka awiriawiri kapena m'magulu ang'onoang'ono. Komabe, m'nyengo yozizira komanso nthawi yosamuka, amasonkhana m'magulu akulu. Komanso pakati pa nthawi yotentha, amuna amakhala ndi ziweto zambiri akafuna kusungunuka. Kuthawira kumwera kumayamba mkati mwa Seputembala.
Anangumi akupha anamgumi
Ankhandwe opha amafika m'malo obisalira kuyambira pakati pa Epulo mpaka pakati pa Meyi. Nthawi yodzikongoletsera imachitika mu Meyi-Julayi, ndipo imayamba pambuyo pake kumadera akumpoto. Mbalame zakupha zimapanga magulu awiri okhaokha. Mwambo wokondana wa abakhawa ndi wovuta kwambiri.
Pa nthawi yokhwima, yaikazi imamveketsa phokoso, ikukweza mutu.
Nthawi yomweyo amadzipukusa ndikuyamba nthenga za mapiko kuti asangalatse yamphongo. Drake amatulutsa "GAK-GAK" wonyoza, kenako amapukusa nthenga zake, kutambasula khosi lake ndikutulutsa mluzu, ndikukweza mutu ndi mchira wake.
Zisa za bakha zimakonzedwa pafupi ndi madziwo muudzu wotalika kwambiri kapena pansi pa tchire. Clutch imakhala ndi mazira achikasu 6 mpaka 9. Makulitsidwe amatha pafupifupi masiku 24. Amuna amathandiza akazi kusamalira anapiye akakhala ochepa kwambiri.
Kudya whale whale
Anangumi opha amadyetsa poyenda ndikusambira m'madzi otseguka. Amakhala ndiwo zamasamba omwe amadya udzu ndi mbewu. Amadyetsa mbewu za mpunga. Amawonjezera zakudya zawo ndi nkhono ndi tizilombo.
Mkhalidwe wosungira nyangayi wakupha
Pakadali pano, anamgumi akupha samawopsezedwa ndi kuchuluka kwawo, koma amatetezedwa molingana ndi Migratory Birds Treaty Act. Malinga ndi chidziwitso cha IUCN, mtundu uwu umakhalabe wosasunthika. Anangumi opha amakhala m'malo osiyanasiyana ndipo manambala a mbalame samasinthasintha kwambiri. Pofuna kuteteza zamoyozi, pali njira zomwe zikuchitika pofuna kusaka nyama zam'madzi zonse, kuphatikizapo anamgumi opha.
Kusunga chinsomba chakupha pomangidwa
M'nyengo yotentha, anangumi opha nyama amasungidwa m'makola akunja osachepera 3 m2. M'nyengo yozizira, abakha amasamutsidwira m'chipinda chopanda, pomwe kutentha kumatsikira mpaka madigiri asanu. Aviary ili ndi miyala ndi nthambi. Ikani dziwe ndi madzi. Udzu wofewa umagwiritsidwa ntchito pogona.
Pakusamuka, anamgumi opha nkhawa amakhala ndi nkhawa ndipo amatha kuwuluka, motero mbalame nthawi zina zimadula mapiko ngati zitasungidwa pamalo otseguka. Amadyetsa abakhawo ndi chakudya chambewu:
- tirigu,
- mapira,
- chimanga,
- balere.
Amapereka chimanga, oatmeal, soya ndi mpendadzuwa. Nsomba ndi nyama ndi chakudya cha mafupa, choko, zipolopolo zazing'ono zimawonjezeredwa pachakudya. Amadyetsedwa ndi chakudya cha vitamini:
- masamba odulidwa a chomera,
- dandelion,
- saladi.
Phala lonyowa la chinangwa, karoti wa grated, phala limakonzedwa, ndipo nthawi yokometsera zakudya zamapuloteni zimasakanikirana. Nyulu zakupha zimagwirizana ndi mitundu ina ya banja la bakha.
