Brokade pterygoplicht (Latin Pterygoplichthys gibbiceps) ndi nsomba yokongola komanso yotchuka yotchedwa brocade catfish.
Idafotokozedwa koyamba mu 1854 ngati Ancistrus gibbiceps wolemba Kner ndi Liposarcus altipinnis wolemba Gunther. Imadziwika kuti (Pterygoplichthys gibbiceps).
Pterygoplicht ndi nsomba zamphamvu kwambiri zomwe zimadya ndere zochuluka kwambiri. Akuluakulu angapo amatha kusunga madzi amchere akulu kwambiri.
Kukhala m'chilengedwe
Habitat - Brazil, Ecuador, Peru ndi Venezuela. Pterygoplicht ya brocade imakhala ku Amazon, Orinoco ndi komwe amathandizira. Nthawi yamvula, imasunthira kumadera osefukira.
M'mitsinje yomwe imayenda pang'onopang'ono, amatha kupanga magulu akulu ndikudyera limodzi.
M'nyengo yadzuwa, imakumba maenje aatali (mpaka mita) m'mbali mwa mitsinje, komwe imadikirira. M'mabowo omwewo, mwachangu amakulira.
Dzinali limachokera ku Latin gibbus - hump, ndi caput - mutu.
Kufotokozera
Pterygoplicht ndi nsomba yayikulu yayitali ya chiwindi.
Ikhoza kukula mwachilengedwe mpaka 50 cm m'litali, ndipo chiyembekezo chokhala ndi moyo chimatha kukhala zaka zoposa 20; m'madzi okhala m'nyanja, pterygoplicht amakhala zaka 10 mpaka 15.
Nsombazi ndizotalika ndi thupi lakuda komanso mutu waukulu. Thupi limakutidwa ndi mbale zamafupa, kupatula pamimba, lomwe ndi losalala.
Maso ang'onoang'ono amakhala pamwamba pamutu. Mphuno yomwe ili bwino ndi mawonekedwe.
Mbali yapadera ndi yakutsogolo kokongola kwamtambo, komwe kumatha kutalika kwa 15 cm, nsombazi zimafanana ndi nsomba zam'madzi - bwato.
Achinyamata a pteriks ali ndi utoto wofanana ndi akulu.
Pakadali pano, mitundu yoposa 300 ya catfish imagulitsidwa padziko lonse lapansi, makamaka mitundu yosiyana, pomwe padalibe mitundu yeniyeni. Sikovuta kusiyanitsa nsomba zazikuluzikulu ndi dorsal fin. Ili ndi cheza 10 kapena kupitilira pomwe ena ali ndi 8 kapena ochepera.
Zovuta zazomwe zilipo
Brocade catfish imatha kusungidwa ndi nsomba zosiyanasiyana, chifukwa imakhala yamtendere. Atha kukhala achiwawa komanso achitetezo kumadera ena ngati sanakule pamodzi.
Pterygoplicht imafunikira aquarium yayikulu yokwanira malita 400 pa anthu awiri akulu. Ndikofunikira kuyika nkhuni zowotchera m'madzi a aquarium kuti athe kuziphulitsa, zomwe ndi chakudya chambiri cha nsomba za brocade.
Amagwiritsanso ntchito mapadi powachotsa pazinyalala, ndipo amafunikira chimbudzi.
Brocade catfish ndi nsomba zomwe zimayenda usiku, chifukwa chake mukadyetsa ndibwino kuti muzichita usiku, magetsi asanazimitsidwe.
Dziwani kuti ngakhale amadya zakudya zamasamba, catfish nawonso ndi owononga chilengedwe. Mu aquarium, amatha kudya masikelo mbali ya discus ndi scalar usiku, chifukwa chake simuyenera kuwasunga ndi nsomba zosalala komanso zochedwa.
Komanso, pebergade pterygoplicht imatha kufikira kukula kwakukulu kwambiri (35-45 cm), mukawagula, amakhala ochepa, koma amakula, ngakhale pang'ono pang'ono, koma posachedwa atha kukhala okulirapo kuposa aquarium.
Kusunga mu aquarium
Zomwe zilipo ndizosavuta, bola pakakhala chakudya chochuluka - algae ndi chakudya chowonjezera.
Nsombazo ndi zabwino kwa oyamba kumene, koma kumbukirani kukula kwake chifukwa nthawi zambiri zimagulitsidwa ngati malo oyeretsera aquarium. Ma Newbies amagula ndi nsomba zimakula msanga ndipo zimakhala zovuta m'madzi ang'onoang'ono.
Nthawi zina amanenedwa kuti amagwira ntchito bwino m'madzi am'madzi agolide, komabe, sichoncho. Zoyeserera zafishfish ndi pterygoplicht ndizosiyana kwambiri ndipo siziyenera kusungidwa pamodzi.
Madzi a m'nyanjayi ayenera kukhala ndi mpweya wabwino komanso kutuluka kwamadzi pang'ono.
Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito zosefera zakunja, chifukwa nsomba ndizazikulu kwambiri ndipo madzi amadetsedwa msanga.
Kutentha kovomerezeka kuli pakati pa 24-30 C. pH 6.5-7.5, kuuma kwapakatikati. Kusintha kwamadzi kwamlungu pafupifupi 25% yamavoliyu ndikulimbikitsidwa.
Kudyetsa
Ndikofunikira kudyetsa pterygoplicht ya brocade ndi zakudya zamasamba zosiyanasiyana. Kuphatikiza koyenera ndi masamba 80% komanso chakudya cha nyama 20%.
Kuchokera pamasamba omwe mungapereke - sipinachi, kaloti, nkhaka, zukini. Zakudya zingapo zapadera za catfish tsopano zagulitsidwa, ndizabwino ndipo zimatha kupanga maziko azakudya. Kuphatikiza ndi masamba, padzakhala chakudya chathunthu.
Ndi bwino kugwiritsira ntchito chakudya chazida, monga lamulo, ma pterygoplichts amatenga pansi, atadyetsa nsomba zina. Kuchokera pa chakudya chamoyo, ndibwino kupatsa nkhanu, nyongolotsi, nyongolotsi zamagazi.
Anthu akulu akulu amatha kutulutsa mitundu yazomera yopanda mizu ndikudya mitundu yosakhwima - sinema, mandimu.
Tiyeneranso kutengera chidwi chakuti pteriki imadziyendetsa yokha, popeza nsomba ndizochedwa, ndipo mwina sizingayende limodzi ndi anthu ena okhala m'nyanjayi.
Ngakhale
Nsomba zazikulu, ndi oyandikana nawo akuyenera kukhala ofanana: cichlids zazikulu, mipeni ya nsomba, chimphona cha gourami, ma polypters. Ubwino woonekeratu umaphatikizaponso kukula ndi zida za pterygoplichts zimawalola kukhala ndi nsomba zomwe zimawononga nsomba zina, mwachitsanzo, ndi nyanga zamaluwa.
Ponena za asing'anga, palibe chomwe pterygoplicht angachite mwa azitsamba. Ichi ndi chipembere cholusa chomwe chimasesa chilichonse panjira yake, chidzagwetsa chilichonse pansi ndikudya, kudya zomera.
Ma Pterygoplichts amakula pang'onopang'ono ndipo amatha kukhala m'nyanja yamchere mpaka zaka 15. Popeza nsombayo imakhala yakugonera usiku, ndikofunikira kuti ipatse malo ogona masana.
M'nyanja yam'madzi, ngati brocade imakonda malo ena obisalamo, ndiye kuti imazitchinjiriza osati kokha kuchokera kubokosi lina, komanso ku nsomba zonse. Nthawi zambiri zimatha ndi kuvulala, koma amatha kuwopa.
Brocade pterygoplichts amamenya nkhondo ndi mnzake, kuwongola zipsepse zawo zam'mimba. Khalidwe ili limafanana osati kwa iwo okha, komanso kwa mtundu wonse wa mphamba wamba. Kuwonetsa zipsepse zam'mbali zammbali, nsombazo zimawonjezeka kukula ndipo, ndizovuta kuti chilombocho chimumeze.
Mwachilengedwe, nsomba za mtundu wa brocade zimakhala nthawi yake. M'nyengo yadzuwa, ma pterygoplichts amatha kudzikwilira mumchenga ndi kubisala nyengo yamvula isanayambike.
Nthawi zina, akatulutsidwa m'madzi, amamveka phokoso, asayansi amakhulupirira kuti izi zimawopseza adani.
Kusiyana kogonana
Kuzindikira jenda ndi kovuta kwambiri. Amuna ndi owala komanso okulirapo, okhala ndi msana pamapiko aziphuphu.
Odyetsa odziwa amasiyanitsa akazi ndi pterygoplicht yamphongo ndi papilla yoberekera mwa anthu okhwima.
Kuswana
Kuswana m'nyanja yam'madzi sikutheka. Anthu omwe amagulitsidwa amafesa m'mafamu. Izi ndichifukwa choti m'chilengedwe, nsomba zimafunikira ngalande zakuya kuti zizipangire, zokumbidwa pagombe lanyanja.
Pambuyo pobala, amunawo amakhala m'misewu ndipo amayang'anira mwachangu, chifukwa mabowo amakhala akulu kuti athe kuwapatsa m'nyanja yosavuta.
Pakuswana kwamalonda, zotsatira zake zimapezeka poyika nsomba m'mayiwe okhala ndi nthaka yayikulu komanso yofewa.
Matenda
Nsomba zamphamvu, zosagonjetsedwa ndi matenda. Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ndi poizoni chifukwa chakuchulukirachulukira kwamadzi m'madzi komanso kusowa kwa nkhono mumtambo wa aquarium, zomwe zimabweretsa mavuto am'mimba.
