Kusunga nsomba zam'madzi panyumba sizovuta komanso zovuta monga kupumula komanso chidwi. Kuziona, ndizosatheka kuchotsa maso, ndipo zongopeka zimakopa mitundu yonse yazosankha zokongoletsa malo mu aquarium mwakufuna.
Sankhani aquarium, tsitsani madzi, yambitsani nsomba zingapo - ndizo zonse? Izi ndizochepa kwambiri - aquarium iyenera, osati kokha chonde, iyenera kukweza, kubweretsa chisangalalo, chisangalalo chokongoletsa.
Gawo limodzi lamadzi ndi kapangidwe ka aqua. Kupanga dziko laling'ono m'madzi kumawulula zamkati ndikumamasula munthu. Mutha kupanga mangrove, zigwa zamapiri, miyala, nyanja zam'madzi kapena nthano.
Choyamba, muyenera kumvetsetsa momwe mungapangire bwino aquarium. Kupatula apo, nsomba zam'madzi za aquarium ndizamoyo, zokhala ndi zinyama, zomera, amafunikira malo okhala. Kukhalapo kwa nsomba ndikofunikira kwambiri: ngati pali nsomba kale, ndiye kuti mapangidwewo ayenera kupangidwa molingana ndi omwe alipo, ngati sichoncho, poganizira zofunikira, zosowa za nzika zamtsogolo, kuti apange nyimbo zawo.
Kuti nsomba zomwe zimakonda kubisala mumchenga, mufunika kapangidwe kokhala ndi mchenga, zomerazo zizikhala zochepa. A Guppies, m'malo mwake, amakonda nkhalango zazing'ono, matabwa obisalamo, ndi malo ena obisalamo, kuti ndizotheka kusambira ndikubisala. Nsomba zoyikidwa m'malo osavomerezeka zimatha kufa.
Kukongoletsa aquarium ndi zomera zam'madzi
Zimatengera luso kuti apange luso la kapangidwe ka aquarium. Kuphatikiza apo, kudziwa za chisamaliro cha zomera zam'madzi kumafunikira, kuti nkhalango zisakhale zophweka, koma luso.
Zomera zomwe zikukula mofulumira zimafuna kupatulira ndi kudulira pafupipafupi. Mutha kumiza chilichonse mu aquarium. Zigoba za coconut, zadongo zamtundu uliwonse, zifanizo zadongo. Maboti oyendetsa sitima, chuma, matabwa oyenda, miyala, mtundu wa dothi.
Kusankha kwamapangidwe apadziko lapansi kakang'ono pamadzi kuyenera kutengera kapangidwe kake kamene kidayikidwapo, chifukwa ndimalo okhalamo komanso zokongoletsera.
Pakadali pano pali masukulu akulu awiri ndi otchuka opangira malo okhala: "Natural aquarium" ndi "Dutch style mu aquarium". Koma masoka achilengedwe komanso osaganizira ena sayenera kusokonezedwa - iyi ndi njira yodziwira kukonza kwa aquarium, koma osati kapangidwe kake.
Dutch aquarium
Satchedwa munda wam'madzi pachabe: kalembedwe kameneka kamagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yazomera, kuphatikiza kukula, kapangidwe kake kuti apange kuzama. Mitundu yamapangidwe monga miyala, mitengo yolowerera ilipo yocheperako. Zomera za aquarium zokha ndizofunikira pano, kukongola kwawo, mawonekedwe, utoto.
Wolemba zitsamba wa Aquarium
Mtundu wamapangidwe oterewu umatengera kukopera malo achilengedwe owoneka bwino kwambiri, onse pansi pamadzi komanso pamtunda. Malo otchedwa aquascape amatha kuwoneka ngati phiri laling'ono lomwe lili ndi malo otsetsereka audzu. Mitundu yaying'ono yamapangidwe amtunduwu ndiyofunikira kwambiri. Kamangidwe amagwiritsa 3 mfundo: otukukira kunja, concave, amakona atatu.
Maonekedwe a Convex - omwe amatchedwa "chilumba", apa chomeracho chimatsitsidwa kuchokera pakati mpaka m'mphepete, ndikupanga chisumbu pakatikati pa aquarium.
Mawonekedwe a Concave - amatanthauza kuchepetsa kukula kwa miyala, zomera mpaka pakati kuchokera m'mphepete mwa aquarium, kupita kumalo omwe mukufuna.
Mawonekedwe atatu - otchedwa gawo lagolide la kapangidwe kake. Malo otsogola amasunthira 2/3 mbali zonse za aquarium.
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti dziwe lanyumba lodzaza ndi pulasitiki silothandiza kwenikweni m'madzi ambiri. Maganizo osiyana kwambiri amatuluka - zili ngati zopangira pulasitiki patebulo la kukhitchini.
Yesetsani kupanga chozizwitsa kuchokera kuzomera zamoyo ndi zamoyo. Choyamba, muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti kapangidwe kake konse, kapangidwe kake konse sikuyenera kungowoneka kokongola, komanso kuwoneka kwachilengedwe.
Zodzikongoletsera za aquarium
Zida za kapangidwe ka aquarium zimasankhidwa bwino mwachilengedwe. Malo amtsinje amatha kuyambiranso poyala miyala yaying'ono yozungulira, chingwe chaching'ono, pomwe zomera zam'madzi zimatha kumangirizidwa ndi nsomba.
Mitengo ingapo ingathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga nkhalango yosadutsika; miyala ikuluikulu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana imatha kutengera miyala. Mwa kuphatikiza miyala yamitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi makulidwe amtundu umodzi, mutha kupeza phwando labwino kapena phanga lodabwitsa.
Kuti muyike miyala mwabwino, muyenera kuyeserera mosalekeza, pangani malo okhala nsomba zomwe zimakonda kubisala ndikuikira mazira m'miyala, kukongoletsa zida mu aquarium, ndikulimbitsa makoma a masitepewo.
Pali zosankha zambiri, koma ndibwino kuyesera osati mu aquarium yomwe, kuti musaswe makoma agalasi, koma patebulo. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kufalitsa pepala, lembani pulani yoyeserera ndikuyesererapo pomanga njira zingapo.
Basalt, miyala ya granite, porphyry, gneiss ndioyenera kwambiri pazinthu izi. Kwa madzi olimba, miyala yamwala, sandstone, dolomite ndi njira zabwino. Choyamba, miyala iyenera kutsukidwa bwino. Koma choyamba, fufuzani mosamala zinthu zomwe zili ndi ma particles akunja - zitsulo, utomoni, utoto.
Kupanga kwa Aqua ndi zomera
Kapenanso, mutha kupanga kapangidwe ka aqua pogwiritsa ntchito zomera za m'madzi. Pakatikati mwa aquarium, pod idzawoneka bwino kwambiri; ikani ulusi wofanana ndi riboni m'mbali mwake: krinum, hygrophila, urut, fern, elodea.
Kumbuyo, ndi bwino kukonzekera zapamwamba kwambiri: cinema, ambulia, vallisneria. Sikoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zomera zoyandama pamwamba - ngakhale zimawoneka zokongola, zikakula, zimaphimba pansi kwambiri. Zomera zazing'ono za benthic zamitundumitundu zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyala makalapeti okongola ndi kukongoletsa masitepe.
Kupanga kwa Aqua ndi mitengo yolowerera
Maonekedwe apachiyambi amapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ma snag. Pachifukwa ichi, mtengo wakufa womwe ulibe chizindikiro cha timadziti tofunikira umafunika. Ndibwino ngati iyi ndi mizu ya mitengo yomwe yakhala ili peat bog kwa zaka zingapo: alder, msondodzi, phulusa, beech, mapulo.
Zitsanzo ndi zizindikiro zowola ndi nkhungu zimakanidwa nthawi yomweyo. Mitengoyi imatsukidwa ndi dothi, imachotsedwa khungwa lomwe lilipo kapena zotsalira zake, yophika ndikuwonjezera mchere pafupifupi ola limodzi ndikuchiritsidwa ndi potaziyamu permanganate.
Mtsukowo ukaikidwa m'madzi othamanga kwa sabata imodzi kapena m'chidebe chilichonse, koma nthawi zambiri amasintha madzi, omwe amangokhala ozizira. Chifukwa cha kusamalidwa bwino, nkhuni zimachotsedwa mankhwala, kapangidwe kake kamakhala kocheperako komanso kolemera.
Ngati ndi kotheka, konzani chingwecho kuti chisayandikire, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mwala. Mtengo wokulirapo ndi nthambi zazikulu ziziwoneka bwino.
Biotope aquarium
Kapenanso, mutha kugula nthaka yabwino kapena mchenga m'sitolo yapadera. Ngati mungatenge mchenga wachikuda, ndiye kuti pansi pa aquarium mumatha kutenthedwa bwino, ndikupanga zozungulira zomera, miyala, zokopa.
Pakakhala vuto loti mupange kapangidwe kapadera mu aquarium, ndiye kuti simungachite popanda maziko enaake. Chojambula chokongoletsera chomwe chimamatira kumbuyo ndichabwino. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ingathandizire kusankha ntchito. Ma aquarists odziwa zambiri amapanga zojambula zokha, kupitiliza kapangidwe ka aquarium ndi mtundu wina wa panorama.
