Otocinclus affinis (Chilatini Macrotocinclus affinis, yemwe kale anali Otocinclus Affinis) ndi nsomba zam'madzi zochokera ku mtundu wa ma cat-chain catfish, omwe amakhala m'chilengedwe ku South America, nthawi zambiri amatchedwa posachedwa - kuchokera. Nsomba yaying'ono komanso yamtendere iyi ndiimodzi mwamphamvu kwambiri za algae mu aquarium.
Amadyetsa makamaka ndere, chifukwa chake amatha kufa ndi njala m'madzi am'madzi atsopano ndipo amafunika kudyetsanso.
Imatsuka pamwamba pazomera popanda kuwononga masamba, komanso kutsuka magalasi ndi miyala. Otozinklus sangakhudze nsomba iliyonse mu aquarium, koma imatha kukhala yokha nsomba yayikulu komanso yolusa monga cichlids.
Kukhala m'chilengedwe
Habitat kuchokera ku Colombia kumpoto kwa Argentina. Mitundu ina imapezeka pang'ono ku Peru, Brazil ndi Paraguay, komanso m'mitsinje ya Amazon ndi Orinoco.
Amakhala m'mitsinje yaying'ono komanso m'mphepete mwa mitsinje yokhala ndi madzi oyera komanso apakatikati, akudya ndere komanso kumenyera pansi.
Monga lamulo, amakhala pafupi ndi gombe, pakati pazomera zazing'ono. M'madzi otseguka, gulu la anthu masauzande ambiri limakhazikika, lomwe limadyera m'madzi osaya mchenga, okhala ndi zomera zambiri komanso mitengo yolowerera.
Pakadali pano pali mitundu pafupifupi 17 ya ototsinklus, yomwe imagulitsidwa m'masitolo athu monga lingaliro limodzi. Odziwika kwambiri ndi Otocinclus Affinis ndi Otocinclus Vittatus.
Zovuta zazomwe zilipo
Nsomba zovuta kuzisunga, osavomerezeka kwa oyamba kumene. Madzi oyera, magawo osakhazikika, chakudya chabwino komanso oyandikana nawo mwamtendere ndizofunikira kuti nsomba zisungidwe bwino.
Choyamba, onetsetsani kuti muli ndi madzi oyera komanso oyenera. Kenako mufunseni wogulitsa zomwe akuwadyetsa m'sitolo.
Akanena izi ndi chimanga kapena akupanga nkhope yosokoneza, mungachite bwino kufunafuna sitolo ina. Nthawi zambiri samadya zofufumitsa kapena chakudya chamoyo, amadya ndere.
Musanagule, phunzirani mosamala nsomba, ziyenera kukhala zogwira ntchito, zofananira.
Mukakagula, nthawi yomweyo yambani kuwadyetsa. Nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi njala m'malo ogulitsira ziweto (simungathe kulimbikitsidwanso pokhapokha mutagula nokha kuchokera kwa munthu amene amawabereka). Dyetsani katatu patsiku.
Amatha kufa ngati ntchentche m'mwezi woyamba, pomwe kuzolowera kumachitika. Mwezi umodzi azilimba, azolowere, bola ngati madzi anu azikhala oyera komanso azisintha sabata iliyonse.
Kusunga mu aquarium
Mosasamala mtunduwo, ma ototsinkluses onse amafunikira momwemonso. Okhala mumitsinje yokhala ndi madzi oyera, amafunikira kusefera kwabwino komanso mpweya wabwino.
Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazifukwa zomwe zimakhalira bwino mwa asing'anga okhala ndi nsomba zochepa komanso madzi abwino kwambiri.
Mchere wa aquarium wa ototsinkluses uyenera kubzalidwa ndi zomera ndipo payenera kukhala miyala yokwanira, mitengo yolowerera.
Ndi bwino kuyika fyuluta yamphamvu pazida, zomwe zimayendetsa ma voliyumu atatu kapena asanu a aquarium pa ola limodzi. Chinthu chachikulu ndi kusapezeka kwa ammonia ndi nitrate m'madzi komanso kuchepa kwa nitrites mpaka 0-20 ppm. Kusintha kwamadzi sabata iliyonse, 25-30% ya voliyumu yonse yam'madzi.
Madzi oyera ndi abwino, kutentha kwa 22-28 ° C komanso pH yopanda ndale kapena pang'ono acidic, madzi ofewa amamupangitsa kuti azimva kuti ali kunyumba.
Nsomba zathanzi zimagwira ntchito masana (ngakhale mitundu yambiri ya mphalapala imakhala yozizira) ndipo mosatopa amachotsa ndere ndikuwononga pamalo. Mano awo ang'onoang'ono salola kuti akokolope ndere zolimba, chifukwa chake pakakhala kusowa kwa algae wofewa, amafunika kudyetsedwa.
Mwachilengedwe, amakhala m'magulu akulu ndipo amakhala ochezeka kwambiri, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti muziwasunga anthu osachepera 6. Zambiri zitha kuchitika ngati aquarium yanu ili ndi algae wokwanira.
Ngakhale
Nsombazo ndi zazing'ono (mpaka 5 cm kukula), zamanyazi, zophunzitsira nsomba (mwachilengedwe zimakhala m'magulu akulu), zomwe zimasungidwa bwino pagulu la anthu asanu ndi mmodzi (koma amathanso kukhala awiriawiri), okhala ndi mitundu yaying'ono yamtendere.
Zabwino m'malo am'madzi ang'onoang'ono. Samakhala omasuka ndi nsomba zazikulu, monga cichlids.
Kudyetsa
Otozinklus affinis mu aquarium azidya ndere kuchokera kulikonse. Komabe, zitsamba zam'madzi sizomwe zimapezera chakudya ndipo amayeretsa nyanjayo mwachangu, imatha kudyetsedwa ndi mapiritsi ndi ndiwo zamasamba.
Ali ndi mano ang'onoang'ono omwe sangathe kuwononga zomerazo, koma ngati vuto la kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, sangathe kudzidyetsa, muyenera kukumbukira izi ndikumupatsanso chakudya china.
Kodi kudyetsa iwo? Kuchokera pamasamba, mutha kupereka masamba a hering'i, letesi, zukini, nkhaka ndi nandolo wobiriwira.
Kukonzekera masamba, wiritsani kwa mphindi.
Ngati mwaika masamba mu aquarium ndipo ma ototsinkluses sathamangira kuzidya, mutha kuyesa. Gwiritsani ntchito zotanuka kapena chingwe chowedza kuti muchimangirire kumtunda komwe nsomba zimakonda kukhala.
Adzakhala olimba mtima pamalo ozolowereka.
Chinyengo china chodyetsa ndere. Tengani miyala ingapo yoyera, ikani chidebe ndikuyiyika pamalo owala bwino. Pakatha milungu ingapo, adzaphimbidwa ndi ndere zobiriwira.
Timatulutsa miyala, ndikuyiyika mu aquarium, ndikuyika yatsopano mu chidebecho. Chifukwa chake, mutha kukhala ndi chiwonjezeko chosatha pazakudya.
Muthanso kuzindikira kuti nthawi zina amadzuka msanga pamwamba kuti apite. Ngakhale khalidweli ndilofala kwambiri m'makonde, Otozinkluses amachita izi nthawi ndi nthawi.
Thupi lawo lidzaloledwa kumeza mpweya ndipo, podutsa mkatimo, mofanana. Kotero ichi ndi chodabwitsa kwathunthu.
Kusiyana kogonana
Jenda limatha kutsimikizika poyang'ana kuchokera pamwambapa. Zazimayi ndizokulirapo, zokulirapo komanso zokulirapo; amuna nthawi zonse amakhala ocheperako komanso okoma mtima kwambiri.
Ngakhale jenda imatha kutsimikizika mwachidaliro, pakuweta ndibwino kusungitsa gulu lomwe pamapeto pake likhala logawikana.
Kuswana
Kusamba kumayambitsidwa ndi nthawi yayitali yokwatirana, kumenya ndi kuchotsa malo omwe angaberekere.
Monga makonde a banjali, imapanga zomwe zimatchedwa zooneka ngati T. Mkazi amakhala wakhazikika ndi mutu wake kumimba kwa yamphongo, ndipo amachititsa kuti mkaka wake umatuluka posunga dzira m'zinthu zake m'chiuno.
Dzira la umuna limamatira kuzomera, magalasi, ndi magawo ena apansi.
Caviar imapsa masiku atatu.
Mwachangu amafunika kudyetsedwa mitundu yaying'ono yazakudya - microworm, dzira yolk, kapena ciliates.
