Gulugufe (Latin Pantodon buchholzi) kapena pantodon ndi nsomba yapadera komanso yosangalatsa yochokera ku Africa.
Kwa nthawi yoyamba yokhudza nsomba za agulugufe, akatswiri azamadzi aku Europe adaphunzira mu 1905, ndipo kuyambira pamenepo yasungidwa bwino m'madzi.
Ndi nsomba yolusa yomwe mwachilengedwe imakhala m'madzi osayenda komanso othamanga pang'onopang'ono. Kawirikawiri amaima pamadzi, osasunthika, kudikirira kuti wosalabadayo asambire.
Kukhala m'chilengedwe
Nsomba ya gulugufe ya Afikan (Latin Pantodon buchholzi) idapezeka koyamba ndi Peters mu 1876. Amakhala kumadzulo kwa Africa - Nigeria, Cameroon, Zaire.
Dzinalo la mtundu - Pantodon (Pantodon) limachokera ku Greek - pan (onse), odon (mano) omwe atha kutanthauziridwa ngati dzino lonselo. Ndipo mawu oti buchholzi amatulutsa dzina la pulofesa yemwe adalifotokoza - R. W. Buchholz.
Habitat - madzi akuda aku West Africa, m'madzi a Chad, Congo, Niger, Zambezi. Amakonda malo opanda chilichonse, koma ndi mbewu zambiri zoyandama kumtunda.
Mwachilengedwe, amasaka pafupi ndi madzi, amadyetsa makamaka tizilombo, mphutsi, nymphs, komanso nsomba zazing'ono.
Nsombazi zitha kutchedwa mtundu wa zakale, monga asayansi akukhulupirira kuti wakhala osasintha kwazaka zopitilira 100 miliyoni!
Sanasinthe malinga ndi kusintha kwachilengedwe ndipo adakali moyo. Thupi lake lonse limasinthidwa ndikudumphira m'madzi, maso ake adayikidwa bwino kuti athe kuwona zonse pamwamba pamadzi, ndipo pakhungu lake pali zotengera zapadera zomwe zimamverera pang'ono pamadzi pakakhala tizilombo.
Uyu ndi msaki wabwino wa tizilombo, momwe mphamvu yake yatsimikizidwira kwanthawi yayitali.
Kufotokozera
Amatchedwa nsomba ya gulugufe chifukwa, akamayang'ana kuchokera kumwamba, zipsepse zake zotalikirana zimakhala ngati mapiko a gulugufe.
Ndi abulawulo wosasunthika ndi mawanga akuda. Mothandizidwa ndi zipsepse zokongola ndi zazikulu izi, nsomba zimatha kudumpha kuchokera m'madzi kuti zigwire tizilombo tomwe timauluka pamwamba pake.
Mwachilengedwe, amakula mpaka masentimita 13, koma mu aquarium nthawi zambiri amakhala ocheperako, pafupifupi masentimita 10. Nthawi yamoyo imakhala pafupifupi zaka 5.
Zipsepse zazikulu zakumaso zimasinthidwa kuti ziziponyera kwakanthawi patali. Mlomo waukulu umapangidwa kuti uzidyera pamwamba pamadzi ndikunyamula tizilombo.
Khalidwe labwinobwino ndikubisalira ndikudikirira pamadzi. Ali ndi chikhodzodzo chosambira osati chokhacho chokhacho chokwanira cha thupi, komanso cha mpweya wopuma, womwe ndi wapadera.
Zovuta pakukhutira
Osavomerezeka kwa oyamba kumene komanso osadziwa zambiri zamadzi, chifukwa amafunikira zinthu zapadera. Simalola kusintha kwa akaidi ndipo muyenera kuwunika magawo amadzi nthawi zonse.
Zimalekerera molakwika pakali pano. Amafuna kuti akhale ndi thanzi labwino ndipo sangadye chakudya chomwe nsomba wamba zimadya. Pali chakudya chamoyo chokha kapena tizilombo. Mukawopa, mumadumphira m'madzi mosavuta.
Shaded, aquarium yamadzi osapitirira 15-20 cm kuya komanso yopanda zomera. Kwa iye, kutalika ndi kutalika kwa aquarium ndikofunikira, koma osati kuzama.
Galasi lalikulu lamadzi, ndichifukwa chake mumafunikira aquarium yayitali, yayitali, koma yosaya.
Kudyetsa
Nsomba za agulugufe zosaoneka bwino, zimadya zakudya zokhazokha. Muyenera kudyetsa ntchentche, mphutsi, akangaude, nyongolotsi, nsomba zazing'ono, nkhanu, nkhandwe.
Amangodya kuchokera pamwamba pamadzi, zonse zomwe zagwa pansi pawo sizichitanso chidwi.
zochokera kwa owerenga:
Palinso njira yozizira (nthawi yoyamba yomwe idachitika mwangozi), mumatenga mphutsi mu malo ogulitsira nsomba za NN ruble. mu sabata, ndipo nthawi yochepera 20 - 30 yoyera, yatsopano, paliponse ntchentche zopezeka zimapezeka ndipo ndizosavuta kuzipeza ndipo simuyenera kugwira
Kusunga mu aquarium
Pofuna kusamalira, amakonda malo okhala ndi mthunzi wokhala ndi madzi oyimirira komanso galasi lalikulu lamadzi. Kuti mukonze, muyenera kukhala ndi aquarium yosachepera malita 150, koma kuya kwa madzi sikuposa 15-20 cm.
Madzi osaya, koma otalikirapo komanso ataliatali a aquarium, ndipamene malo amadzi amakhala akulu. Popeza ma pantodon alibe chidwi chakuya, ndizosavuta kuwasunga padera, mumtsinje wapadera.
Asidi pang'ono (ph: 6.5-7.0) ndi madzi ofewa (8-12 dGH) okhala ndi kutentha kwa 25 mpaka 28 ° C ndibwino kuti muzisunga. Kutuluka kwamadzi kuyenera kukhala kocheperako komanso kuyatsa kwatsika. Pachifukwa ichi, zomera zoyandama ndizoyenera, mumthunzi womwe nsomba za gulugufe zimakonda kubisala.
Ngakhale
Zosungidwa bwino mu thanki yosiyana chifukwa cha zochitika zina. Koma, nthawi zambiri zimayenda bwino ndi nsomba zina, kupatula zomwe zimatha kumeza. Nsomba zazing'ono zilizonse zimawoneka ngati chakudya.
Popeza amakhala kumtunda kwamadzi, nsomba zomwe zimakhala pansi pawo sizisamala nkomwe, koma mitundu yokhala ndi zofunikira zofananira iyenera kupewedwa.
Komanso, nsomba zomwe zimakonda kudula zipsepse za anansi awo, monga Sumatran barbs, zitha kukhala vuto.
Kusiyana kogonana
Zovuta kunena, koma amuna ndi ocheperako pang'ono komanso ocheperako kuposa akazi. Izi zimawonekera makamaka azimayi ali ndi mazira.
Kuswana
Kuswana m'nyanja yamchere kumakhala kovuta, nthawi zambiri kumaweta m'minda pogwiritsa ntchito kukonzekera kwa mahomoni.
