Tetraodon wachikuda, kapena wachikaso (lat. Carinotetraodon travancoricus, nsomba zazing'ono zaku England) ndi kakang'ono kwambiri mwa dongosolo la nsomba, zomwe zimatha kugulitsidwa. Amachokera ku India, ndipo mosiyana ndi mitundu ina, imangokhala m'madzi okhaokha.
Tetraodon wamwamuna, wocheperako kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri amagulitsidwa pafupifupi kukula kwake pafupifupi masentimita 2.5. Akamatha msinkhu, amuna amakhala owala kuposa akazi ndipo amakhala ndi mzere wakuda pakati pamimba.
Nsombazi ndi mitundu yatsopano m'malo omwe amakonda ku aquarium, osati kulikonse komwe mungagule. Koma mtundu wawo wowala, mawonekedwe osangalatsa, kukula kwake pang'ono kumapangitsa tetraodon iyi kukhala nsomba yokongola modabwitsa.
Kukhala m'chilengedwe
M'zaka zaposachedwa, pakhala nsomba zambiri zaku India. Barbus denisoni, ndi darijo darijo ndi ena ambiri, osati mitundu yotchuka kwambiri.
Koma kupatula pa iwo pali tetraodon wamfupi. Amachokera m'boma la Kerala, kumwera kwa India. Amakhala mumtsinje wa Pamba, womwe umadutsa m'mapiri nkupita kunyanja ya Vembanad (komwe amakhalanso).
Mtsinje wa Pabma ukuyenda pang'onopang'ono ndipo umakhala ndi zomera zambiri.
Izi zikutanthauza kuti tetraodon wocheperako ndi nsomba yamadzi opanda mchere, mosiyana ndi abale ake onse, omwe amafunikira madzi amchere.
Kufotokozera
Chimodzi mwazing'ono kwambiri (ngati sichaching'ono kwambiri) cha ma tetraodon - pafupifupi 2.5 cm. Maso ake amayenda mosadutsana, zomwe zimamupangitsa kuti aganizire chilichonse chomuzungulira osasuntha.
Kutengera mawonekedwe, mitundu imakhala yobiriwira mpaka yofiirira yokhala ndi mawanga akuda m'thupi. Mimbayo ndi yoyera kapena yachikasu.
Iyi ndi imodzi mwa nsomba zochepa zomwe zimawona mwachidwi zomwe zikuchitika kuseri kwagalasi ndipo mwachangu zimayamba kuzindikira wopezera chakudya.
Ndiwanzeru kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri amafanana ndi nsomba zina zanzeru - ma cichlids. Mukangolowa mchipinda, amayamba kukwawa pamaso pagalasi, kuti akuyambitseni chidwi.
Zachidziwikire, amafuna kupempha chakudya, koma ndizoseketsa nthawi zonse kuwona momwe nsomba imachitira.
Kusunga mu aquarium
Tetraodon wamtambo safuna aquarium yayikulu, komabe, zidziwitso zakunja ndi zaku Russia zimasiyana, olankhula Chingerezi amalankhula za malita 10 pa munthu aliyense, komanso aku Russia, omwe ndi okwanira malita 30-40 pagulu laling'ono.
Zowona, kwinakwake pakati, mulimonsemo, tikulankhula zazing'ono. Ndikofunikira kuti aquarium ndiyabwino ndikugwira bwino ntchito, chifukwa imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi milingo ya ammonia ndi nitrate m'madzi.
Kuonjezera mchere ndikosafunikira komanso koopsa, ngakhale kuti malingaliro oterewa amapezeka pafupipafupi pa intaneti.
Chowonadi ndi chakuti iyi ndi nsomba yatsopano ndipo pamakhala zambiri zosadalirika, ndipo kuwonjezera kwa mchere m'madzi kumachepetsa kwambiri moyo wa nsombayo.
Amasiya zinyalala zambiri akadyetsa. Yesani kuponya nkhono ndikuwona zomwe zimachitika. Ma tetraodon amphongo adzaukira ndikudya nkhono, koma osati kwathunthu ndipo ziwalo zimatsalira kuwola pansi.
Chifukwa chake, muyenera kukhazikitsa fyuluta yamphamvu ndikusintha kwamadzi nthawi zonse mu aquarium. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti nitrate ndi ammonia zikhale zochepa, makamaka m'madzi am'madzi ochepa.
Koma kumbukirani, iwo ndi osambira osafunika ndipo sakonda mafunde amphamvu, ndibwino kuti musachepetse.
M'madzi otchedwa aquarium, samafunikanso kwambiri pamadzi. Chinthu chachikulu ndikupewa mopambanitsa, azolowera ena onse.
Ngakhale malipoti obala amatha kusiyanasiyana kwambiri pamadzi, ndipo amalankhula zamadzi olimba komanso ofewa, acidic ndi zamchere. Zonsezi zikuwonetsa kusintha kwakukulu mu tetraodon.
Ngati mungapangire malo abwino a tetraodon wamadzi - madzi oyera ndi zakudya zabwino, ndiye kuti adzakusangalatsani ndi machitidwe ake kwazaka zambiri.
Mwachilengedwe, Mmwenye uyu amafunikira madzi ofunda 24-26 C.
Ponena za kawopsedwe, pali zambiri zotsutsana.
Ma tetraodoni ndi owopsa, ndipo nsomba yotchuka yotchedwa puffer imaganiziridwa kuti ndi yabwino ku Japan, ngakhale ili ndi poizoni.
Akuti mamina m'mnkhalowo alinso ndi poizoni, koma sindinapeze umboni wowona wa izi kulikonse.
Imfa ya nyama zolusa zomwe zimameza nsomba zitha kufotokozedwa ndikuti imafufuma mkati mwake, kuphimba ndikuvulaza gawo logaya chakudya. Mulimonsemo, simuyenera kudya, ndipo nanunso gwirani ndi manja anu.
- - ndi bwino kuwasiyanitsa ndi nsomba zina
- - ndi zolusa
- - amafuna madzi oyera ndipo amafulumira kuwaipitsa ndi zinyalala za chakudya
- - ndi aukali, ngakhale ochepa
- - amafunikira nkhono m'zakudya zawo
Kudyetsa
Kudyetsa bwino ndikovuta kwambiri pakuisunga. Ziribe kanthu zomwe ogulitsa akukuuzani, samadya chimanga kapena pellets.
Mwachilengedwe, amadyetsa nkhono, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono, ndi tizilombo. Mu aquarium, ndikofunikira kutsatira chakudyachi, apo ayi nsomba zifa ndi njala.
Njira yabwino yopangira chakudya chathunthu ndikudyetsa tetraodon ndi nkhono zazing'ono (fiza, coil, melania) ndi chakudya chachisanu.
Ngati tikulankhula za kuzizira, chakudya chomwe amakonda kwambiri ndi mphutsi zamagazi, ndiye daphnia ndi brine shrimp.
Ngati nsomba ikukana kudya chakudya chachisanu, sakanizani ndi chakudya chamoyo. Palibe chomwe chimawapatsa chidwi chachikulu kuposa chakudya chamoyo komanso chosuntha.
Nkhono zimafunika kudyetsedwa pafupipafupi, chifukwa zimapanga maziko a chakudya m'chilengedwe ndipo ma tetraodon amakukuta mano awo kuzipolopolo zolimba za nkhono.
Adzabzala nkhono mwachangu m'mphepete mwawo ndipo ndibwino kukhala ndi zosankha zina, mwachitsanzo, kuzikulitsa dala mumtsinje wina. Amanyalanyaza nkhono zazikulu, koma mwadyera adzaukira omwe angawalume.
Ngakhale zipolopolo zolimba za melania sizingathe kupulumutsidwa nthawi zonse, ndipo ma tetraodon amayesetsa kulilima ang'onoang'onowo.
Amayandama mwamphamvu pa nyama yawo, ngati kuti ikungoyang'ana, kenako amaukira.
Ngakhale
M'malo mwake, ma tetraodon onse amakhala ndi machitidwe osiyana siyana m'madzi osiyanasiyana. Ena amati amawasunga bwino ndi nsomba, pomwe ena amadandaula za zipsepse zolendewera ndi nsomba zomwe amapha. Mwachiwonekere, mfundoyi ndi momwe nsomba iliyonse imakhalira komanso momwe amasungidwira.
Mwambiri, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tisunge ma tetraodon am'madzi osiyana, chifukwa amawoneka bwino, nsomba zina sizivutika.
Nthawi zina amasungidwa ndi nkhanu, koma kumbukirani kuti ngakhale ali ndi kamwa yaying'ono, mwachilengedwe amadyetsa mitundu yambiri yopanda mafupa, ndipo nkhanu zazing'ono zimakhala zosaka.
Mutha kusunga gulu laling'ono la anthu 5-6 mumtsinje wokhala ndi madzi ambiri wokhala ndi malo okhala ambiri.
M'madzi oterewa, kukwiya kosasunthika kudzakhala kocheperako, kumakhala kosavuta kuti nsomba zikhazikitse gawo lawo ndikuphwanya awiriawiri.
Kusiyana kogonana
M'magulu a achinyamata, zimakhala zovuta kusiyanitsa wamkazi ndi wamwamuna, pomwe mwa amuna akulu pali mzere wakuda pamimba, womwe mkazi alibe. Komanso akazi ndi ozungulira kuposa amuna.
Kubereka
Mosiyana ndi mitundu yambiri yofananira, pygmy tetraodon imaberekanso bwino mu aquarium. Akatswiri ambiri amalangiza kubala amuna kapena akazi amuna kapena akazi ambiri, popeza amuna amadziwika kuti amamenya otsutsa mpaka kufa.
Komanso, azimayi angapo okhala ndi wamwamuna m'modzi amachepetsa chiopsezo champhongo chothamangitsa akazi kwambiri.
Mukabzala nsomba zingapo kapena zitatu, ndiye kuti aquariumyo ikhoza kukhala yaying'ono. Kusefa kosavuta, kapena ngati gawo lina lamadzi limasinthidwa pafupipafupi, ndiye kuti mutha kulikana.
Ndikofunika kubzala chomera chomwe chimabereka kwambiri ndi mbewu, ndizomera zochulukirapo zazing'ono - kabomba, ambulia, Java moss. Amakonda makamaka kuyikira mazira pamitundumitundu.
Pambuyo popita kumalo opangira, opanga ayenera kudyetsedwa mochuluka ndi chakudya chamoyo ndi nkhono. Mwamuna amatenga mitundu yolimba kwambiri, yomwe imawonetsa kuti ali wokonzeka kubala. Chibwenzi chimawonekera chifukwa choti champhongo chimathamangitsa chachikazi, ndikumuluma ngati sanakonzekebe.
Kuchita bwino kumathera m'nkhalango zam'madzi kapena masamba ena ang'onoang'ono, pomwe awiriwo amakhala kwakanthawi, kumasula mazira ndi mkaka.
Caviar imakhala yowonekera pang'ono, yaying'ono (pafupifupi 1 mm), yopanda pake ndipo imangogwera pomwe adayikidwapo. Kuswana kumapitilira kangapo mpaka mkazi atatulutsa mazira onse. Pali mazira ochepa kwambiri, nthawi zambiri pafupifupi mazira 10 kapena ochepera. Koma ma tetraodon ang'onoang'ono amatha kubala tsiku lililonse, ndipo ngati mukufuna mazira ambiri, sungani akazi ochepa m'malo oberekera.
Makolo amatha kudya mazira ndikuwachotsa m'malo oberekera. Mutha kuchotsa mazira pogwiritsa ntchito payipi yayikulu kapena payipi. Koma ndizovuta kuzizindikira, ndipo ngati muwona machitidwe ofanana ndi kubala, koma simukuwona mazira, yesetsani kuyenda mozungulira malo oberekera pogwiritsa ntchito payipi yaying'ono. Mwina mungatolere mazira omwe sangawonekere komanso zinyalala.
Mwachangu amaswa pakatha masiku angapo, ndipo kwakanthawi amadyera yolk sac. Chakudya choyambira ndi chochepa kwambiri - microworm, ciliate.
Pakapita kanthawi, mutha kudyetsa nauplia ndi brine shrimp, ndipo patatha pafupifupi mwezi umodzi, amaundana ndi nkhono zazing'ono. Ngati mukulera kwamibadwo ingapo, mwachangu amafunika kusankhidwa chifukwa chodya anzawo.
Malek amakula mwachangu ndipo mkati mwa miyezi iwiri amatha kukula kwa 1 cm.
