Nsomba za Carp

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Kwa ambiri carp ya nsomba odziwika osati mawonekedwe okha, komanso kukoma. Izi ndizokulirapo ndipo nthawi zambiri zimapezeka okhalamo madzi oyera. Carp ndi yokongola, ngati chida chankhondo, yokutidwa ndi masikelo akulu agolide omwe amawala pang'onopang'ono padzuwa.

Asodzi okonda masewerawa amakhala osangalala nthawi zonse kuti amugwire, ndipo akatswiri odziwika bwino sangakane kulawa nyama yokometsetsa komanso yathanzi. Tiyeni tiwone ntchito yofunikira ya nsomba yosangalatsayi, titaphunzira mawonekedwe ake akunja, zizolowezi, mawonekedwe ake ndi zina zofunika.

Chiyambi cha mitundu ndi kufotokozera

Chithunzi: Carp fish

Carp ndi woimira gulu la nsomba zopangidwa ndi ray, la banja la carp. Mikangano yokhudza komwe kunayambira carp sikutha mpaka lero. Pali mitundu iwiri ya izi, zotsutsana.

Woyamba wa iwo ananena kuti carp anabadwira ku China, pogwiritsa ntchito chibadwa cha nyama yamtchire kuti imere. Nsombayi imadziwika kuti ndi yolemekezeka ngakhale kubwalo la mfumu yaku China komanso olemekezeka ena. Pang'ono ndi pang'ono, kudzera mumitsinje komanso mothandizidwa ndi oyenda panyanja, carp idafalikira ku Europe. M'Chigiriki, dzina lomwe "carp" limatanthauza "kukolola" kapena "kubala". Carp, ndiyabwino kwambiri, chifukwa chake imafalikira pamitsinje ndi nyanja zambiri ku Europe, kenako idabwera ku Great Britain, ndipo m'zaka za zana la khumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi adalembetsa ku North America.

Kanema: Carp Nsomba

Mtundu wachiwiriwo umatsutsa koyamba, powona kuti ndi nthano chabe. Malinga ndi iye, nsomba ngati carp zakutchire zidapezeka m'mitsinje ndi m'nyanja, mosiyanasiyana. Carp wokhala m'madzi othamanga anali ndi thupi lokulirapo, lopindika ngati torpedo, ndipo m'madzi oyimirira, anali ozungulira, otakata komanso onenepa kwambiri. Amakhulupirira kuti inali carp yam'nyanja yomwe idakhazikitsidwa ndi anthu ku Europe, North America ndi Asia. Kusintha kwakusintha kwamitundu iyi kunayamba kuchitidwa zaka zopitilira ziwiri zapitazo, kuswana mitundu yatsopano ndi mitundu yonse ya haibridi.

Kutengera ndi chiphunzitsochi, dzina loti "carp" lilibe maziko asayansi, ndipo lidangowonekera m'zaka za zana la 19 m'buku la Sergei Aksakov lokhudza kusodza. Umu ndi momwe Bashkirs adatchulira nyama yamtchire, yomwe ku Türkic imatanthauza "nsomba zouma", dzinali lidafalikira kwambiri pakati pa anthu, koma akatswiri azachipatala amakhulupirira kuti carp wamtchire ndi nyama imodzi.

Ma carps amagawika osati mumtsinje ndi m'nyanja (pond) carps, komanso mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza:

  • amaliseche;
  • minyewa;
  • chimango;
  • galasi.

Zomwe zimasiyanitsa kwambiri ndi mtundu ndi masikelo. Scaly carp ili ndi masikelo akulu. Chimango chili ndi masikelo pokhoma ndi pamimba. Masikelo a galasi carp ndi akulu kwambiri ndipo amapezeka m'malo (nthawi zambiri pamzere wotsatira wa nsomba). Carp wamaliseche alibe mamba konse, koma ndi yayikulu kwambiri, ndikutsatiridwa ndigalasi kukula kwake, kenako - mamba.

Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe

Chithunzi: Nsomba za Carp m'madzi

Carp wamba amadziwika mosavuta m'njira zambiri:

  • thupi lalikulu, lakuda, lokulirapo pang'ono;
  • milingo yayikulu, yayikulu yakuthwa kwakuda; pali masikelo 32 mpaka 41 m'mbali mwa nsombayo;
  • mbali zonse za nsombazo ndi zagolide, pang'ono zofiirira, mimba yakuda imakhala ndi kamvekedwe kopepuka;
  • carp - mwini pakamwa lalikulu, kutambasula mu chubu;
  • mlomo wapamwamba umakongoletsedwa ndi tinyanga tating'onoting'ono tina, tomwe timakhala tcheru kwambiri;
  • Maso a nsombazi amakhala ataliatali, amakhala ndi ana apakatikati, okhala m'malire ndi golide wonyezimira wobiriwira;
  • chingwe cholimba chimakhala ndi mthunzi wakuda komanso chinsalu chotsika cha utoto wa maolivi wonyezimira, chimbudzi chakumapeto ndi chachifupi komanso ndi munga;
  • Mphuno ya carp imachulukitsidwa.

Mafinya amatsekemera thupi lonse la carp, kupewa kukangana, kuwongolera kutentha kwa thupi, komanso kuteteza kumatenda onse. Carp ndi yayikulu kwambiri komanso yolemera kwambiri. Ndizodziwika bwino kuti zitsanzo zinagwidwa zolemera kupitirira theka la centner ndi mita yopitilira theka ndi theka. Makulidwe oterewa ndi osowa kwambiri, kawirikawiri ma carps amapezeka kuchokera pa kilogalamu imodzi mpaka isanu, msinkhu wawo umasiyana zaka ziwiri mpaka zisanu ndi ziwiri. Mwambiri, carp imatha kuwerengedwa pakati pazambiri, chilengedwe chayesa kutalika kwa moyo wake, kufikira zaka 50, ndipo mitundu ina yokongoletsa imatha kukhala zaka zopitilira zana.

Chosangalatsa: Mmodzi waku Japan wazaka makumi asanu ndi awiri ali ndi carp yomwe adalandira, yomwe ndi yayikulu kuposa 35 ya mwini wake. Mwiniwake amasamalira bwino chiweto chake, osagwirizana kuti agulitse ngakhale ndi ndalama zochuluka.

Kodi carp amakhala kuti?

Chithunzi: Nsomba za Carp ku Russia

Malo ogawira carp ndi ochulukirapo, amapezeka ku Europe, Far East, Western ndi Central Asia, ku North America. Carp ndi thermophilic, chifukwa chake imapewa zigawo zakumpoto.

M'dziko lathu, iye anasankha madzi abwino a mabeseni otsatirawa:

  • Baltic;
  • Chijapani;
  • Wakuda;
  • Caspian;
  • Azovsky;
  • Okhotsk.

Carp amakonda madzi pomwe kulibe chilichonse, kapena ndiwofooka kwambiri, amakonda kukhazikika m'madziwe, m'mayiwe, miyala yodzaza madzi, malo osungira ndi ngalande. Paradaiso wa carp - posungira pomwe pali mitundu yambiri yazomera komanso pansi pofewa (mchenga, matope, dongo). Kawirikawiri, nsomba zimakhala pansi pa mamita awiri kapena khumi. Mahema omwe amateteza carp ndiofunika kwambiri kwa iye, chifukwa amapewa malo otseguka pomwe pansi pake paliponse. Carp amakonda maenje obisika, nkhalango zowirira, ma snag.

Kawirikawiri, carp sichimasiyana mosiyana, makamaka chinthu chachikulu ndicho kupezeka kwa chakudya, palokha ndi cholimba. Mwachiwonekere, ndichifukwa chake wokhala m'madzi okhala ndi zombo zam'madzi afalikira ponseponse ndipo akumva bwino.

Chosangalatsa: Chifukwa cha kudzichepetsa kwa carp komanso kunyalanyaza kwake kwa kuipitsidwa kwa dziwe, nsomba zimangosamalira kupezeka kwa chakudya, amatchedwa nkhumba yamadzi.

Kodi carp imadya chiyani?

Chithunzi: Nsomba za banja la carp

Carp angatchedwe wolimba kwambiri komanso omnivorous. Amasangalala kudya zonse nyama ndi zomera. Komanso, yoyamba imasankhidwa mchaka ndi nthawi yophukira, ndipo yachiwiri - mchilimwe. Carp imakula msanga msanga, chifukwa chake imafunikira chakudya chambiri, m'mimba mwa nsomba mwapangidwa kuti izitha kudya osayima.

Menyu ya carp ili ndi:

  • nkhono;
  • nkhanu;
  • nsomba ndi chule caviar;
  • ziphuphu;
  • mitundu yonse ya tizilombo ndi mphutsi zawo;
  • nyongolotsi;
  • ntchentche;
  • njenjete;
  • mphukira za zomera zam'madzi;
  • mabango achichepere.

Zokhwima komanso zazikulu zimadyanso nsomba zina, osanyoza achule ndi nsomba zazinkhanira. Pali nthawi zina pomwe ma carp akulu amafuna kuti agwire mbalame zomwe zikugwira tizilombo ta m'madzi. Akuyendayenda muufumu wam'madzi kufunafuna chakudya, timayendedwe tampachala timapanga thovu lalikulu pamwamba pamadzi, potero amadziulula.

Nthawi zambiri m'mabango mumatha kumva ngati kupinimbira, uku ndi kudya kwa carp pa mphukira za bango, kuzikoka mwachangu mothandizidwa ndi mano apakhosi. Ngakhale zipolopolo zolimba za nkhono ndi nkhanu zili m'mano a carp. Ngati kulibe tastier, carp imatha kudya ntchofu kuchokera kuzomera, komanso osanyoza manyowa, omwe amapezeka m'malo othirira ng'ombe.

Opangidwa mu ukapolo, carp imadyetsedwa ndi chimanga, mkate, chakudya chapadera chomwe chimakhala ndi fiber, mafuta ndi mapuloteni. Ubwino wa nyama nthawi zambiri umadwala pamndandanda wamtunduwu, wokhala ndi maantibayotiki, mitundu yosiyanasiyana, makomedwe ndi zopititsa patsogolo kukula. Umu ndi momwe zakudya zamtundu wa carp zimasiyanasiyana, omwe amakhala nthawi yayitali akufunafuna zinthu zokoma.

Chosangalatsa: Kudyedwa sikudutsa banja la carp, chifukwa chake woimira wamkulu akhoza kudya ndi wachibale wake wapafupi kwambiri.

Makhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe

Chithunzi: Carp fish

Carp amakonda moyo wamgwirizano, chifukwa chake umalumikizana pagulu, mitundu yayikulu kwambiri itha kukhala yosungulumwa, komanso amakhala pafupi ndi amitundu anzawo. Pofika nyengo yozizira, a Bolshevik adalumikizana ndi gululi kuti zisakhale nthawi yozizira limodzi. M'nyengo yozizira, ma carps amalowa m'maenje obisika omwe ali pansi, pomwe amagona tulo tofa nato. Ngati posungira kulibe maenje, ndiye kuti ma mustachio akufunafuna nkhuni zosadutsamo nyengo yachisanu, komwe amakhala, ndipo mamina omwe amawaphimba amathandizira kuti carp isazizire.

Carps amadzuka ndi kuyamba kwa kasupe, madzi akayamba kutentha pang'ono pang'ono, nsomba zimayamba kuwonetsa zochitika zake kumapeto kwa Marichi, mu Epulo. Malo achisanu amasiyidwa ndipo carp imathamangira kuya osaya (kuyambira 4 mpaka 6 mita) kuti mupeze china chodyedwa. Carp ndi nsomba zokhalamo, sasambira kutali ndi malo awo okhazikika. Ma carps achichepere amasamukira m'masukulu, nthawi zambiri amakhala m'mitengo, ndipo abale olemera amakonda kuya, kusambira kumtunda kuti angodzitsitsimutsa.

Carp amakonda malo amdima osadutsa, ndipo amapewa malo opanda dzuwa. Nkhosazo sizimasambira pagulu lonse, koma zimapanga chingwe, pomwe pamakhala nsomba zamisinkhu yosiyanasiyana. Ma carps samasiyana mwamakani, chifukwa chake amatha kuonedwa kuti ndi amtendere komanso amtendere okhala m'madzi. Ndizosangalatsa kuwona momwe carp imalumphira m'madzi mokwanira, kenako ndikumabwerera mokweza.

Chodabwitsa ichi nthawi zambiri chimachitika m'mawa kapena nthawi yamadzulo ndipo zimawoneka zosangalatsa kwambiri. Akatswiri azachikhulupiliro amakhulupirira kuti umu ndi momwe gulu limapereka chizindikiritso kuti lidzadyetsa, ndipo ngati kulumpha kumachitika pafupipafupi, ndiye kuti ichi ndi chisonyezo kuti nyengo ikuipiraipira posachedwa. Kwa msodzi aliyense, carp ndi chikho chosiririka; okonda kusodza amatsimikizira kuti nsombayi ndiyosamala, yamphamvu komanso yanzeru. Carp amakhala ndi mphamvu yakununkhiza, yomwe imawalola kununkhira nyambo kapena nyama yakutali.

Chosangalatsa: Carp, pogwiritsa ntchito mitsempha yawo, amasefa chakudya chomwe sakonda, chifukwa chake ndiwodalirika.

Masomphenya a carp ndiabwino kwambiri, amazindikira mitundu yosiyanasiyana mosiyanasiyana, ndipo mawonekedwe ake ndi ozungulira, i.e. nsombayo imatha kuwona madigiri 360, ngakhale mchira wake womwe sungabise pamaso pake. Mumdima, carp imayang'ana modabwitsa ndipo imatha kusuntha mosavuta, kuwunika malo awo. Umu ndi momwe carp iluso komanso yovuta, chifukwa chake sizovuta kugwira ndevu zazikulu.

Kakhalidwe ndi kubereka

Chithunzi: Nsomba zamtsinje wa Carp

Ma carps okhazikika pogonana amakhala pafupi zaka zitatu kapena zisanu, amuna ndi akazi. Kubzala kwa carp kumadalira osati zaka zake zokha, komanso kutentha kwa madzi, komanso kukula kwa nsomba zomwezo. Carp ndi thermophilic, chifukwa chake imabereka kumapeto kwa Meyi, pomwe madzi adatenthedwa kale. Pobereka bwino, kutalika kwaimuna kuyenera kukhala osachepera 30 cm, ndipo mkazi ayenera kukhala osachepera 37.

Carp amasankha malo osaya kwambiri kuti aberekere (pafupifupi mita ziwiri), nthawi zambiri m'mabedi a bango. N'zovuta kupeza malo otere, choncho nsomba zimabwerera maulendo angapo.

Chosangalatsa: Carps samasiyana pakukhulupirika, chifukwa chake mkazi amakhala ndi njonda zingapo (mpaka zisanu), omwe amayamba umuna. Kukula kwakukulu kwa carp kumayamba madzulo (dzuwa litalowa) ndipo kumatha pafupifupi maola 12.

Carps alidi ochuluka kwambiri. Mayi m'modzi yekha wokhwima m'mimba amatha kutulutsa mazira miliyoni, omwe amawagawa m'magawo masiku angapo. Nthawi yokwanira ndi masiku atatu kapena asanu ndi limodzi okha, kenako mphutsi zimawonekera, zomwe zimadya zomwe zili mu yolk sac masiku awiri kapena atatu. Kenako, mwachangu kuyamba kusambira, kudya zooplankton ndi zing'onoting'ono zazing'ono, kukulira bwino. Pafupifupi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, nsomba ya carp imatha kulemera pafupifupi magalamu 500. Carp imakula ndikukula pamitengo yothamanga kwambiri.

Adani achilengedwe a carp

Chithunzi: Mchere wa nsomba zamchere

Ngakhale kuti carp imakula kukula kwakukulu, ili ndi adani ndi omwe akupikisana nawo, chifukwa chake imakhala yosamala kwambiri nthawi zonse. Zachidziwikire, omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu sianthu akuluakulu omwe agona pansi, koma mwachangu ndi mazira. Achule obiriwira, omwe amakonda kudya mazira onse ndi mwachangu, amawopseza kwambiri. Chojambula chimodzi chokha cha chule chimatha kudya mpaka mazira zana limodzi masana. Kuphatikiza pa achule, nsomba zazinkhanira, nyongolotsi, nsomba zina komanso anthu ena ambiri okhala m'madzi sadzasiya mazira. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti caviar imasambitsidwa kugombe, komwe imawuma, kapena mbalame zimayikoka, nyama zina zimadya.

Musaiwale kuti kudya anzawo sikuli kwachilendo kwa carp, chifukwa chake, wachibale wachikulire amatha kudya mchimwene wake wocheperako popanda kumva chisoni. M'madamu momwe mumakhala nsomba zolusa, carp ikhoza kukhala chotukuka chabwino kwa pike wamkulu kapena nsomba zamtchire. Achangu amakonda kudya osaya, chifukwa chake amatha kugwidwa ndi nyama zina zomwe sizidana ndi nsomba. Kwa zitsanzo zazing'ono, mbalame (gulls, terns) nsomba zosaka zitha kukhala zowopsa; nyama zazing'ono nthawi zambiri zimavutika ndi ziwopsezo zawo.

Zachidziwikire, munthu sangalephere kuzindikira munthu yemwe amathanso kukhala m'gulu la adani a carp. Mtundu uwu wa nsomba ndiwodziwika kwambiri pakati pa akatswiri othamanga, omwe akhala akuphunzira kale za zizolowezi zawo komanso zomwe amakonda. Kutenga mtundu wolemera sikophweka, koma chilakolako chosalamulirika cha masharubu nthawi zambiri chimamutsutsa. Tikhoza kudziŵa kuti ngati sizinali zamoyo zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimamwa ma caviar ndi mwachangu wa carp, ndiye kuti nsomba iyi ikhoza kudzaza mitsinje yambiri ndi madzi ena.

Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi

Chithunzi: Big carp

Kugawidwa kwa carp ndikofala kwambiri, ndipo anthu ake ndi ochulukirapo, nsomba iyi imalungamitsa dzina lake, chifukwa chodziwika bwino kwambiri ndi chonde. Carp ndi yolimba kwambiri, yopanda ulemu kwa chilengedwe, pafupifupi omnivorous, motero imazika mizu m'madzi osiyanasiyana. Tsopano pali minda yambiri ya nsomba yomwe imabzala carp mwachinyengo, chifukwa ndi yopindulitsa kwambiri, chifukwa kuswana kwa nsomba ndikodabwitsa, ndipo kukulemera mwachangu kwambiri.

Titha kudziwa bwino kuti nsomba iyi sichiwopseza kukhalapo kwake, kuchuluka kwake kumakhala kwakukulu, carp imaberekana kwambiri, chifukwa chake sichimayambitsa nkhawa iliyonse pakati pa asayansi, siyotetezedwa kwina kulikonse. Ndizabwino kuti pali zinthu zambiri zoletsa zomwe zimayang'anira kuchuluka kwake (mazira ndi mwachangu zimadyedwa ndi nyama zamtundu uliwonse, nsomba, mbalame ndi tizilombo), apo ayi zikadakhala ndi malo ambiri osungira, zikuchulukirachulukira mwachangu.

Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa carp sikumadumphadumpha, nsomba iyi ndi yotchuka kwambiri pakati pa ma gourmets, anthu ambiri amakonda nyama ya carp, chifukwa chake mutha kuphika mbale zingapo zosiyanasiyana. Ndikopindulitsa kwambiri kubzala nsomba iyi moyenera kuti igulitsidwe, chifukwa imakula mwachangu ndipo imaberekana mwachangu.

Pamapeto pake, ndikufuna kuwonjezera izi carp ya nsomba sichimakopa kokha ndi kukoma kwake kwabwino, komanso ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino, okongola, agolide, omwe amapatsidwa kulimba ndi tinyanga tating'onoting'ono. Tsopano tikudziwa kuti nsomba yayikulu kwambiriyi imakhala yamtendere komanso yamtendere, yofatsa. Ndizosangalatsa kuiwalika kuwona ma virtuoso pirouettes omwe carp ikudumpha pamwamba pamadzi. Ndipo ngati wina adakwanitsa kulingalira izi, ndiye kuti ndi mwayi weniweni.

Tsiku lofalitsa: 28.05.2019

Tsiku losintha: 20.09.2019 nthawi 21:08

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Onerani kanemayo: Carp Fishing V Match Fishing: Andy May v Rob Hughes at Barston Lakes (November 2024).