Endler's Guppy (Latin Poecilia wingei) ndi nsomba yokongola kwambiri yomwe ndi wachibale wapafupi wa guppy wamba.
Anapeza kutchuka chifukwa cha kuchepa kwake, mawonekedwe amtendere, kukongola ndi kudzichepetsa. Tiyeni tiwone bwinobwino.
Kukhala m'chilengedwe
Guppy Endler adafotokozedwa koyamba mu 1937 ndi a Franklyn F. Bond, adawazindikira ku Lake Laguna de Patos (Venezuela), koma kenako sanatchuka ndipo mpaka 1975 adawonedwa ngati atayika. Lingaliro lidapezedwanso ndi Dr. John Endler mu 1975.
Laguna de Patos ndi nyanja yomwe imalekanitsidwa ndi nyanja ndi kagawo kakang'ono ka nthaka, ndipo poyamba inali yamchere. Koma nthawi ndi mvula zidapangitsa madzi kukhala abwino.
Pa nthawi yomwe Dr. Endler anapeza, madzi amunyanjayo anali ofunda komanso olimba, ndipo munali ndere zochuluka kwambiri.
Panopa pali dothi pafupi ndi nyanjayi ndipo sizikudziwika ngati anthu alipo pakadali pano.
Endlers (P. wingei) amatha kuwoloka ndi mitundu ya guppy (P. reticulata, P. obscura guppies), ndipo ana osakanizidwa adzakhala achonde. Amakhulupirira kuti izi zimapangitsa kuti jini lisungunuke, chifukwa chake zimawoneka ngati zosafunikira pakati pa oweta omwe amafuna kuti mitunduyo ikhale yoyera. Kuphatikiza apo, popeza P. reticulata yapezeka m'madzi amomwemo P. wingei, kusakanikirana kwachilengedwe kumatha kuchitika kuthengo.
Kufotokozera
Iyi ndi nsomba yaying'ono, yomwe kukula kwake kuli masentimita 4. Guppy wa Endler samakhala motalika, pafupifupi chaka chimodzi ndi theka.
Kunja, amuna ndi akazi ndi osiyana kwambiri, akazi ndiwowonekera, koma nthawi yomweyo amakhala okulirapo kuposa amuna.
Amuna, komano, amakhala ndi zotengera zamoto, zamphamvu, zokangalika, nthawi zina zimakhala ndi michira ya mphanda. N'zovuta kufotokoza, chifukwa pafupifupi mwamuna aliyense ndi wosiyana ndi mtundu wina.
Zovuta zazomwe zilipo
Monga guppy wamba, ndizabwino kwa oyamba kumene. Nthawi zambiri imasungidwa m'madzi am'madzi ochepa kapena a nano. Chifukwa chakuchepa kwawo (ngakhale atakula) ndizosankha zabwino pamadzi okhala patebulo laling'ono. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi nsomba yamtendere makamaka, motero amakhala bwino ndi nsomba zina zamtendere. Kuti muwone mndandanda wa nsomba zodziwika bwino komanso anthu ena okhala m'madzi a m'nyanja, onani gawo lazotsatira pansipa.
Kudyetsa
Guppies a Endler ndi omnivores, omwe amadya mitundu yonse yachisanu, yokumba komanso chakudya chamoyo. Mwachilengedwe, amadya detritus ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ndi algae.
Madzi a m'nyanjayi amafunikira kudyetsedwa kowonjezera ndi chakudya chokhala ndi zinthu zambiri zazomera. Zakudya zosavuta ndi tirigu wokhala ndi spirulina kapena masamba ena. Ma flakes ambiri ndi akulu kwambiri ndipo amayenera kuphwanyidwa asanadyetse.
Iyi ndi mphindi yofunika kwambiri kwa guppy wa Endler, chifukwa popanda chakudya chazomera, kagayidwe kake kagayidwe kamagwira ntchito moipa kwambiri.
Kumbukirani kuti nsomba zimakhala ndi kamwa pang'ono ndipo chakudya chiyenera kusankhidwa kutengera kukula kwake.
Zimakhala zovuta kuti iwo amezere ngakhale mimbulu yamagazi, ndi bwino kuwadyetsa achisanu, chifukwa kenako imatha.
Mitundu yambiri ya ma flakes, tubifex, mazira a brine shrimp, ma virus a magazi amagwira ntchito bwino.
Endlers azindikira mwachangu ndandanda ndi nthawi yomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito kuwadyetsa. Nthawi yakudya itakwana, adzachuluka mwachidwi, akuthamangira mbali iliyonse yamatangi yomwe ili pafupi kwambiri ndi inu.
Zokhutira
Ngati mukufuna kukonza kuti nsombazi zisangalale m'malo moziswana, ziwoneka bwino pafupifupi panyanja iliyonse. Sasankha za mtundu wa gawo lapansi, zokongoletsa, mbewu, kuyatsa, ndi zina zambiri.
Mosasamala mtundu wa zokongoletsa zomwe mungasankhe, ndingakulimbikitseni kuwonetsetsa kuti zilipo zambiri. Amuna nthawi zonse amakonzekeretsa akazi ndipo ndikofunikira kuwapatsa malo okwanira kuti abwerere! Ngati mungasankhe kusunga amuna okhaokha (chifukwa cha utoto wawo, kapena kupewa mawonekedwe achangu), izi ndizofunikanso, popeza amuna amatha kukhala mdera.
Ngati mungosankha kusunga akazi okhaokha kuti mupewe mwachangu osafunikira, kumbukirani kuti atha kukhala ndi pakati mukawabweretsa kunyumba, kapena atha kutenga pakati ngakhale mulibe amuna mu thanki yanu. A Guppies amatha kusunga umuna kwa miyezi ingapo, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mutha kutaya mwachangu ngakhale mulibe amuna mu thanki yanu.
Endlers ndi olimba komanso osasunthika, ndipo zomwe zimachitika nthawi zonse zimawalola kuti azichita bwino munthawi iliyonse yamadzi. Amachita bwino makamaka m'madzi omwe amabzalidwa, chifukwa izi zimatsanzira kwambiri chilengedwe chawo.
Kutumiza, ngakhale amakonda kutentha (24-30 ° C) ndi madzi olimba (15-25 dGH). Monga ma guppies wamba, amatha kukhala ndi 18-29 ° C, koma kutentha kwambiri ndi 24-30 ° C. Kutentha kwamadzi, amakula mwachangu, ngakhale izi zidzafupikitsa moyo wawo.
Mwambiri, ndapeza kuti kusintha kwadzidzidzi kapena kusinthana kwakukulu kwamankhwala am'madzi pofunafuna magawo abwino kumakhala kovulaza kuposa kusiya malire okha. Sindikunena kuti musasinthe momwe madzi amapangidwira, koma pakadali pano, magawo okhazikika abwinoko kuposa kufunafuna abwino.
Amakonda ma aquariums omwe ali ndi zomera zambiri komanso owala bwino. Kusefera ndikofunikira, ngakhale ndikofunikira kuti kutsika kwake kukhale kocheperako, popeza omalizirawo sagwirizana nazo.
Amakhala nthawi yayitali kumtunda kwamadzi, amalumpha bwino, ndipo aquarium iyenera kutsekedwa.
Omaliza amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kuwala komanso kuyenda. Ataphunzira kuti mawonekedwe amunthu amafanana ndi chakudya, kayendedwe kaumunthu kadzayambitsa "kupemphapempha", kaya nsomba zili ndi njala kapena ayi. Mdimawo udzakhala chizindikiro kuti yakwana nthawi yogona. Ambiri adzamira pansi pa thankiyo ndikugona pamenepo mpaka kuwala kukubwerera, ngakhale m'matangi wamba omwe ali ndi nsomba zikuluzikulu, a Endlers ena "amagona" pamwamba.
Ngakhale
Omaliza ntchito amakhala otopa, nthawi zonse amasambira, akung'amba ndendende, akuwonetsana zipsepse za anzawo ndikuwunika zomwe zimawakopa. Amakhalanso achidwi komanso ena mwa nsomba zam'madzi zopanda mantha zomwe ndaziwonapo.
Monga mitundu ina ya Poecilia, nsombazi ndimagulu ndipo zimakhala bwino kwambiri zikawasunga m'magulu asanu ndi limodzi kapena kupitilira apo. Amakonda kukhala nthawi yayitali pafupi ndi pamwamba pa thankiyo, koma ndi ochezeka komanso achangu, chifukwa chake adzagwiritsa ntchito lita iliyonse yomwe muwapatsa.
Amuna nthawi zonse amayenda ndikuthamangitsa azimayi (ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kukhala ndi akazi osachepera awiri amuna onse). Amuna amatenga mkamwa mwakuthwa, amapinda matupi awo ndikuphwanyaphwanya pang'ono kuti agonjetse akazi. Komabe, kukondana nthawi zonse komanso kuswana kumatha kukhala kovuta kwa akazi, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuwapatsa chivundikiro chochuluka.
Chifukwa cha kukula kwake, ziyenera kusungidwa ndi nsomba zazing'ono komanso zamtendere. Mwachitsanzo, makadinala, rasbora, galaxy micro-rasboros, neon wamba, neon wofiira, zamawangamawanga catfish.
Komanso, sayenera kusungidwa ndi ana agalu, chifukwa chakuti sawoloka mwachangu kwambiri. Mwambiri, ndi nsomba yamtendere komanso yopanda vuto yomwe imatha kuvutika ndi nsomba zina.
Amakhala mwamtendere ndi nkhanu, kuphatikiza zazing'ono, monga yamatcheri.
Kusiyana kogonana
Poeceilia wingei ndi mtundu wa dimorphic. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pali kusiyana pakukula ndi mawonekedwe pakati pa amuna ndi akazi. Amuna ndi ocheperako (pafupifupi theka!) Ndipo owoneka bwino kwambiri.
Zazimayi ndizokulirapo, zamimba zazikulu ndi zopanda utoto.
Kuswana
Zophweka kwambiri, ana a galu a Endler amaberekera m'madzi ambiri ndipo amakhala otakataka. Kuti muzitha kubzala zipatso muyenera kukhala ndi nsomba zingapo. Kubereka kumachitika bola ngati amuna ndi akazi ali mumtambo womwewo, ndipo sikutanthauza maphunziro aliwonse apadera. Magawo amadzi, kutentha, kuchuluka kwa amuna ndi akazi, zomera, gawo lapansi kapena masinthidwe oyatsa omwe ndi ofunikira kuti atulutse mitundu yambiri ya nsomba pankhaniyi sizilibe kanthu.
Adzachita zina zonse. Okonda ena amasunganso amuna ena kuti mwachangu asawonekere.
Amuna nthawi zonse amathamangitsa akazi, akumupatsa feteleza. Amabereka moyo wokazinga mwachangu, monga dzinalo limatanthawuzira "viviparous". Mkazi amatha kuponya mwachangu masiku 23-24, koma mosiyana ndi ma guppies wamba, kuchuluka kwa mwachangu ndikochepa, kuyambira zidutswa 5 mpaka 25.
Akazi Endlers (ndi ena ambiri a Poeciliidae) amatha kusunga umuna kuchokera nthawi yomwe amakwatirana kale, kuti athe kupitiriza kutulutsa mwachangu mpaka chaka ngakhale amuna alibe.
Nthawi zambiri makolo amadya ana awo, koma njira yabwino kwambiri yowaberekera ndiyo kuwaika mu aquarium yapadera.
Malek amabadwa wamkulu mokwanira ndipo amatha kudya msuzi wa shrimp nauplii kapena chakudya chouma mwachangu.
Ngati mumawadyetsa kawiri kapena katatu patsiku, ndiye kuti amakula mwachangu ndipo pakatha milungu 3-5 amakhala akuda. Kutentha kwamadzi ofunda kumawoneka ngati kukuthandiza kukula kwa amuna, pomwe kuzizira kozizira kumakulitsa kukula kwazimayi. Chiwerengero chofanana (50/50), mwachiwonekere, chimapezeka pafupifupi 25 ° C. Akazi amatha kubereka kale miyezi iwiri atabadwa.
Matenda
Semolina
Semolina kapena Ich mu Chingerezi ndi chidule cha Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, chomwe chimawonekera motere - thupi la nsombali limakutidwa ndi mitsempha yoyera, yofanana ndi semolina. Popeza nsombazi zimatha kupirira kutentha, kutentha kwamadzi komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, ikhoza kukhala chithandizo choyenera kuyamba. Kusintha kwa madzi ndi mchere ndizothandizanso!
Kutsiriza kumapeto
Nsomba zimakhala ndi zipsepse zokongola, zazikulu, koma zimatha kugwidwa ndi zipsepse ndi kuvunda kwa mchira. Kuvunda kumadziwika ndi nsonga yakuda, mchira wobwerera ndi kuzimiririka.
Madzi oyera ndi njira imodzi yosavuta yolimbana ndi matendawa! Ngati matendawa ayamba msanga ndipo kusintha kwa madzi sikuthandiza, pitani kwaokha komanso mankhwala. Methylene buluu kapena mankhwala omwe ali nayo ndi njira yabwino yochizira kumapeto kozizira komanso kuwola kwa mchira. Muyenera kukhala nacho mubokosi lanu losungira matenda ena.
