Cichlazoma yamizeremizere yakuda kapena cichlazoma-zebra (Latin Cichlasoma nigrofasciatum) ndi nsomba yaying'ono, yogwira ntchito komanso yotchuka ku aquarium. Kukula kwake, ngakhale mumtsinje waukulu wa aquarium, sikupitirira masentimita 13-15, ndipo ndi imodzi mwazing'ono kwambiri ku Central America.
Zikatere, chachimuna chimakhala chachikulu kuposa chachikazi, koma chachikazi chimawala kwambiri. Ngakhale kukula kwake kwa cichlaz, kansalu kakang'ono kameneka kamaponyedwa ndi anthu okonda kukangana.
Mwachitsanzo, amaukira nsomba iliyonse yomwe yasambira m'dera lawo, ngakhale itakhala katatu kukula kwake.
Ndikofunika kuwasunga padera, kapena ndi ma cichlids ena, koma nthawi zonse mumchere wamchere. Ndikofunika kuti mikwingwirima yakuda ikhale ndi ngodya yake momwe aliyense samaloledwa kusambira.
Kukhala m'chilengedwe
Cichlazoma yakuda yakuda (Amatitlania nigrofasciata) idafotokozedwa koyamba mu 1867.
Amakhala ku Central America, kuchokera ku Guatemala kupita ku Honduras ndi Panama. Pakadali pano, ikufalikira ku United States, makamaka m'maiko akumwera.
Amakhala m'mitsinje ya Guaramo, Aguan, Tarcoles. Amakonda malo omwe amayenda, ndipo amapezeka m'mitsinje yaying'ono komanso mumitsinje yayikulu. Malo okhala nsomba ndi amiyala pansi pomwe pali malo obisalapo ambiri.
Nsombazi sizimapezeka konse m'malo otseguka, zimakonda ngodya ndi malo osiyanasiyana. Amadyetsa m'chilengedwe tizilombo, mphutsi zawo, nyongolotsi, nsomba, zomera.
Kufotokozera
Yamizere yakuda imakhala ndi thupi lolimba, loboola pakati ndi zipsepse zakuthwa ndi chakuthambo. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazing'ono zazing'ono, chachimuna chimafika mpaka 13-15 cm, ndipo chachikazi 8-10.
Amakhala ndi moyo pafupifupi zaka 8-10, ngakhale atasamala bwino amatha kukhala ndi moyo wautali.
Mtundu wa thupi ndi wa imvi, wokhala ndi mikwingwirima yakuda 8 kapena 9. Mikwingwirima yomwe ili kumbuyo kwa operculum imakhala ndi mpata ndipo imafanana ndi chilembo "U".
Zipsepsezo zimaonekera kapena zachikasu pang'ono. Pakusakaniza, mitundu ingapo yachilendo idawoneka, monga maalubino.
Zovuta pakukhutira
Cichlazoma yamizeremizere yakuda ndiyosavuta kuyisamalira. Koma, nthawi yomweyo, iye sali woyenera oyamba kumene chifukwa cha chikhalidwe chake chosasangalatsa. Zimasungidwa bwino zokha kapena ndi ma cichlids ena aku Central America mumtsinje waukulu wamadzi.
Kuphatikiza kwina ndikuti ndizosavuta kuswana, ndipo nthawi zambiri pamafunika kuyesayesa kwamadzi am'madzi.
Ali ndi mbiri yopanga thumba pomwe mumawabweretsa kunyumba kuchokera ku sitolo. Zachidziwikire kuti ichi ndi nthabwala, koma nthabwala zomwe sizili kutali ndi zenizeni.
Koma, ngakhale zili ndi maubwino onse, mizere yakuda silingalangizidwe kwa oyamba kumene. Momwemonso, nsomba zankhanza sizoyenera oyamba kumene, makamaka ngati sakudziwa za khalidweli ndikugula nsombazi mumadzi amodzi.
Kudyetsa
Mitengo yakuda yakuda, ndiye kuti, amadya chilichonse chomwe mungawapatse. Mutha kudyetsa zakudya zosiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo: zakudya zopangira ma cichlids, mapiritsi azitsamba ndi ma flakes okhala ndi spirulina, masamba, mtima wa ng'ombe, ma virus a magazi, tubule, cortetra, brine shrimp.
Pofuna kupewa kuipitsidwa ndi zotsalira za chakudya, muyenera kuyidyetsa kawiri patsiku pang'ono.
Kusunga mu aquarium
Zosungidwa bwino m'malo am'madzi okhala ndi voliyumu yayikulu komanso malo osambira otseguka. Nsomba zazing'ono zazing'ono zakuda zimatha kukhala mu aquarium yokhala ndi malita 100, koma nsomba zokhwima pogonana, pamafunika pafupifupi malita 250.
Amakula bwino m'madzi okhala ndi mafunde ochepa komanso madzi oyera. Njira yosavuta yokwaniritsira izi ndikugwiritsa ntchito fyuluta yakunja yamphamvu. Ndipo pali zinyalala zambiri kuchokera kwa iwo, kotero kusefera kuyenera kukhala pamlingo wapamwamba.
Mikwingwirima yakuda imakonda madzi ofunda (24 - 28 ° C), imatha kukhala ndi magawo osiyana kwambiri a acidity ndi kuuma, koma ph ndiyabwino: 6.0-8.0, ndi 6 - 8 dGH.
Imeneyi ndi nsomba yosavulaza yomwe ndi yosavuta kuyisamalira. Nthaka yamchenga, miyala, mizu, mitengo yolowerera imamupangitsa kuti azimva kuti ali kunyumba.
Zomera zimatha kubzalidwa, koma ziyenera kukhala zolimba komanso zolimba, chifukwa mikwingwirima yakuda nthawi zambiri imakumba ndikunyamula nthaka ndipo mbewu zing'onozing'ono zimatha kukumbidwa ndi mizu.
Ndi zachilendo komanso zabwinobwino kuti nsomba zikumbe pansi, koma amathanso kukhala chizindikiro chobzala.
Ngakhale
Nsomba zankhanza zomwe zimangosungidwa ndi cichlids zina zazikulu, kapena padera. Simungazisunge mwamtendere, osati mwamphamvu kapena nsomba zazikulu kwambiri, zomwe zimatha kumeza mizere yakuda.
Amakhala ankhanza kwambiri nthawi yobereka, ndipo amatha kupha pafupifupi nsomba iliyonse. Pali milandu pomwe ma cichlazomas okhala ndi mizere yakuda adapha ma plekostomus kapena ma oscars, omwe anali akulu katatu!
Ndi bwino kuwasunga padera, awiriawiri - amuna ndi akazi. Amachitiranso nkhanza mtundu wawo.
Limbanani ndi Managuan Cichlazoma:
Kusiyana kogonana
Sikovuta kusiyanitsa wamkazi ndi wamwamuna wamizeremizere yakuda.
Ndikothekera kudziwa kugonana kwamwamuna ndi kukula kwake, ndikokulirapo, kokhala ndi mphumi lolimba, koma lowala pang'ono.
Monga ma cichlids ambiri, yamphongo imaloza ndikutambasula zipsepse zamkati ndi zakuthambo.
Mkaziyo ali ndi utoto wa lalanje pamimba pake, ndi wocheperako komanso wozungulira kwambiri.
Kuswana
Ma cichlazomas akuda akuda amayikira mazira m'chuma m'mapanga ndi maenje. Imeneyi ndi imodzi mwamasamba osavuta kuweta, omwe amabala pafupipafupi, mochuluka komanso mofunitsitsa. Koma, kupatula izi, akadali makolo osamala kwambiri.
Awiriwa amateteza mwachangu mwachangu momwe ena onse okhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja amayenera kubisala m'makona. Otsatira a nsombazi sanasangalale ndi kuthamanga uku ndipo sakudziwa momwe angachotsere mwachangu.
Amalangizidwa kuti azikhala ndi nsomba zothamanga, monga Sumatran barbs.
Ndizosangalatsa kuwonera kubala. Amuna amaima chilili patsogolo pa akazi ndipo amawonetsa mitundu yawo yabwino kwambiri. Kenako zimagwirira ntchito limodzi kuchotsa malo abwino ndikukumba chisa, pogona kapena pafupi ndi thanthwe lalikulu, mphika kapena phanga.
Kenako mkaziyo amaikira mazira 20-40 mkati mwa pogona, ndipo nthawi yomweyo wamwamuna amawawonjezera. Njirayi ibwerezedwa kangapo, ndipo kuchuluka kwa mazira kumatha kufikira 300, kutengera kukula kwa mkazi.
Mkazi amayang'anira caviar ndikuuyika ndi zipsepse, pomwe wamwamuna amayang'anira chilichonse mozungulira ndikuchotsa alendo.
Kutengera kutentha ndi pH, mazira amatuluka mkati mwa maola 48 mpaka 72. Ndipo pakatha masiku ena 6-8, mwachangu amayamba kusambira ndikudya. Mutha kudyetsa mwachangu ndi daphnia, brine shrimp nauplii, chakudya chodulidwa cha cichlids.
Pakadutsa milungu itatu, azitha kudya chimanga chomwe makolo awo amadya, osaphwanyika. Mkaziyo amathandiza mwachangu pofukula chakudya chomwe chagwera pansi, kapena nkuchidula pakamwa ndikuthira zidutswa zazikulu.
Komanso, makolo amapanga chinsinsi chapadera pathupi, chomwe chitha kukhala chakudya cha mwachangu.
Makolo amawateteza mwachangu mwansanje, ndipo oyandikana nawo osauka amakhala mosungulumwa m'makona. Zikakhala zoopsa, amatha kusungunuka pansi, osawonekeranso.
Ndipo yaimuna idzamenyera nkhondo mpaka kufa.
Ngati mukufuna kukweza mwachangu, ndibwino kuti muwachotse pakatha milungu ingapo, popeza nthawi zina wamkazi amadya mwachangu.
Mukachotsa mwachangu, kuswana kumayambanso. Koma kumbukirani kuti palibe malo oti muwaike makamaka, popeza kupezeka kwake kumapitilira kufunika, ndipo cichlid yamizeremizere yakuda siitchuka ngati ma guppies kapena neon.
