Diamondi cichlazoma (lat. Herichthys cyanoguttatus, yemwe kale anali Cichlasoma cyanoguttatum) ndi wamkulu kwambiri, wokongola, koma nthawi yomweyo ndi wamtundu wa cichlid.
Mwachilengedwe, imakhala mumitsinje ya Texas (mwachitsanzo, Rio Grande) ndi kumpoto kwa Mexico.
Nthawi zambiri nsomba iyi imasokonezedwa ndi mtundu wina - Geophagus brasiliensis, koma awa ndi nsomba ziwiri zosiyana ndipo Geophagus amadziwika kuti pearl cichlazoma.
Daimondi cichlazoma ndi imodzi mwamagulu akuluakulu achiwawa komanso akuluakulu, ofanana ndi a Managuan cichlazoma. Kutalika kwake kumafikira 30 cm, womwe ndi woposa kukula kwa Africa, ndi ma cichlids ambiri aku America. Koma, mumtsinje wa aquarium, nthawi zambiri amakhala ocheperako, pafupifupi 20 cm.
Ngakhale ndiyopsa mtima, madera komanso kukula, cichlazoma ili ndi mafani ambiri pakati pamadzi. Amachita chidwi ndi kuti ndi imodzi mwamaikiki aubweya wonyezimira kwambiri, ndipo amawawonetsa monyadira m'madzi awo akuluakulu am'madzi.
Amakhala ndimakhalidwe acichlid, ndiye kuti, amakumba pansi, amanyamula miyala ndi miyala, ndikutulutsa mbewu. Iyi ndi nsomba yochenjera kwambiri yomwe imazindikira mwini wakeyo, ndipo ikayandikira, imayang'ana kudzera pagalasi lakumaso.
Chimodzi mwamaubwino a diamondi cichlaz ndikuti ndizosavuta kuswana.
Komabe, nthawi yomweyo, ali ndi gawo lowopsa, mwamakani, ndipo sangathe kupirira pomwe wina walowa m'gawo lawo. Amawukira mbewu, zokongoletsera, zida zam'madzi am'madzi, ngakhale dzanja la eni ake, kotero chinthu chabwino kwambiri ndikuwapatula, popanda zomera ndi zida zosakhwima.
Kukhala m'chilengedwe
Daimondi kapena ngale cichlazoma idafotokozedwa koyamba mu 1854. Amakhala ku North America, komwe amapezeka m'mitsinje ndi nyanja ku Texas komanso kumpoto kwa Mexico.
Ndiwo cichlid yekhayo m'chilengedwe yemwe amakhala ku United States osadziwika kapena kuzolowera. Tsopano mtundu wake wakula, kupatula Texas amakhalanso ku Florida, komanso mumtsinje wa Verde mdera la La Media Luna, ku Mexico.
Amakonda malo ofunda m'madzi ndi mitsinje, komwe imabisala pakati pazomera ndi ziphuphu mumchenga posaka chakudya. Nsomba, mphutsi, tizilombo, ndi zomera zimakhala chakudya.
Kuwombera m'madzi mwachilengedwe:
Kufotokozera
Cichlazoma ili ndi thupi lamphamvu, lozungulira. Imatha kutalika kwa 30 cm, koma akazi ndi ocheperako pang'ono kuposa amuna. Koma, mumtsinje wa aquarium, nthawi zambiri amakhala ocheperako, pafupifupi 20 cm.
Pafupifupi zaka zokhala ndi moyo ndi zaka 10, koma zimatha kufikira zaka 15.
Thupi limakhala lachitsulo, lokhala ndi madontho angapo owoneka bwino amtundu wa ngale. Nsomba zazikulu zili ndi mawanga awiri akuda, imodzi pakati pa thupi ndi ina kumapeto kwa chimphepo cham'madzi.
Achinyamata amakhala ndi mawanga angapo apakatikati. Amuna okhwima ogonana amakhala ndi chotupa pamphumi.
Zovuta pakukhutira
Kusunga daimondi sikovuta, ndikodzichepetsa ndipo kumadya pafupifupi chilichonse. Koma, nsomba iyi si ya akatswiri am'madzi!
Zitha kukhala zankhanza kwa oyandikana nawo ndipo zitha kuwononga aquarium iliyonse yosungidwa bwino. Kuphatikiza apo, amangodzaza pakudya, ndipo amafunikira fyuluta yamphamvu ndikusintha kwamadzi pafupipafupi.
Kudyetsa
Omnivores, cichlazomas amadya zakudya zamtundu uliwonse, zachisanu ndi zopangira. Amakula kwambiri ndipo amatha kudya nyongolotsi ndi zakudya zazikulu zopangira nsomba, crickets.
Mwachilengedwe, amadyanso nsomba, monga guppies ndi michira yophimba. Ndipo zachidziwikire, chakudya chodziwika bwino - nyongolotsi zamagazi, tubifex, shrimp ndi mamazelo.
Popeza akamadyetsa amataya zinyalala zambiri (mwachitsanzo, masikelo amauluka kuchokera ku nsomba ponseponse pa aquarium), ndibwino kuwadyetsa kawiri patsiku, pang'ono pang'ono.
Yesetsani kuti musawadyetse nyama yoyamwitsa, monga mtima wa ng'ombe. Mafuta ndi mapuloteni okwanira omwe ali munyama yotere amatsogolera kunenepa kwambiri komanso kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo zamkati za nsomba.
Kusunga mu aquarium
Mwa nsomba imodzi muyenera kukhala ndi aquarium yosachepera 200-lita, ndipo kwa okwatirana kale malita 400-450. Inde, akatswiri ambiri am'madzi amawasunga m'madzi ochepa kwambiri, koma amadabwa chifukwa chomwe nsomba zawo sizikula kukula ngati zomwe zimawadziwitsa.
Chowonadi ndichakuti nsomba zazikulu, amafunikiranso aquarium yayikulu, apo ayi siingafikire kukula kwake.
Onetsetsani kuti nthawi zonse mumachotsa madzi ena ndi madzi abwino, ndikugwiritsa ntchito fyuluta yakunja yamphamvu. Kuphatikiza pa kuti zimadzaza ndikamadya, diamondi imakondanso kukumba pansi, chifukwa chake ndibwino kuyika wosanjikiza wokulirapo pansi.
Mtundu wa nthaka yomwe idzakhale ilibe kanthu, koma mchenga kapena miyala yoyera ndiyabwino. Komabe, mbewu zambiri sizimatha kukhala mumchere womwewo wokhala ndi ma cichlazomas a diamondi, mwina amakumbidwa kapena kudyedwa.
Njira yothetsera vutoli ndi mitundu yayikulu komanso yolimba yomwe idabzalidwa mumiphika. Mwachitsanzo, Anubias akulu kapena Echinodorus.
Ngakhale ma cichlids ambiri amakonda malo obisalirapo, siofunika kwambiri pa ngale ya cichlids, amafunikira malo ambiri osambira, koma malo obisalira ayenera kukhala. Izi zitha kukhala mapanga, nkhuni, miyala yayikulu, miphika, ndi zina zambiri.
Ngakhale amakhala nthawi yayitali pansi, nthawi zina amatha kulumpha mu thankiyo, motero ndikofunikira kuti aziphimbe.
Sizofunikira kwenikweni pamadzi, koma kutentha kuyenera kukhala kotsika - 22-24C, ph: 6.5-8.0, 8-15 dGH.
Ngakhale
Daimondi cichlazoma sindiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yosankhira nyanja yamchere yonse ndipo ndikofunikira kuti muzisunga mumchere wamchere wokhala ngati banja kapena muli nokha. Zachidziwikire, zambiri zimadalira momwe amasungira, kuchuluka kwa aquarium, kudyetsa, komanso mawonekedwe.
Koma, milandu ikapha nsomba zina sizachilendo. Achinyamata samangokhala chabe ndipo amatha kudwala ma cichlids ena, chifukwa chake ndibwino kuwalera ndi nsomba zosakhala zankhanza.
Achinyamata amanyazi a cichlid ya diamondi amatha kuvutika chifukwa choti nsomba zamphamvu kapena zamwano zimadya msanga kuposa iwo.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, nsomba zokhwima zimasiya kuchita manyazi ndikukhala okwiya kwambiri, zomwe zimawopseza pafupifupi nsomba iliyonse.
Zambiri zimatengera mawonekedwe, kwa ena am'madzi am'madzi amapezeka ndi ma cichlids ena, pomwe ena adzawawononga.
Ngati sizingatheke kuwasunga padera, ndiye kuti mutha kuyesa ndi nsomba zina zazikulu, koma makamaka osati ndi cichlids. Amagwirizana ndi nsomba zazikulu zomwe zimatha kudzisamalira. Mwachitsanzo, ndi chimphona cha gourami, chakuda pacu, plecostomus kapena brocade pterygoplicht. Pali malipoti okonza bwino ndi mipeni yakuda; nsomba iyi ya diamondi mwachiwonekere siyizindikira ngati nsomba ndipo siyiyigwira.
Wofiira (wosakanizidwa)
Kusiyana kogonana
Amuna ndi akazi amatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi mkombero wam'mbali wamphongo wam'mbali ndi wamphongo wowongoka komanso wamphongo, komanso chotupa chamafuta chomwe chimakhala pamutu pawo.
Kuswana
Ma cichlazomas a diamondi amadziwika kuti amaphatikizana ndi mitundu ina yofananira. Chifukwa cha izi, tsopano pogulitsa mutha kupeza mitundu yambiri yosakanizidwa, nthawi zambiri yofanana kwambiri ndi nsomba zoyera. Mitundu yotchuka ndi yofiira, disc ndi ena.
Ngakhale amafika 30 cm, amatha kuswana kale pa 10 cm wamwamuna ndi 7 wamkazi.
Ena mwa ma aquarists amapereka manambala ang'onoang'ono. Kusamba kumalimbikitsidwa ndikusintha kwamadzi komanso kutentha. Mkaziyo amayamba kutsuka pamwamba kuti aikire mazira pamenepo, limatha kukhala mwala wosalala kapena pansi pa aquarium.
Amayikira mazira ambiri, nthawi zina masauzande angapo, omwe makolo onse amawasunga. Mazirawo ataswa, mkazi amapatsira mphutsizo kudzenje, kumene iye ndi wamwamuna anakumba kale.
Malek ayamba kusambira pafupifupi masiku 4-6. Amuna amawasamalira kwambiri, kotero kuti amatha kuyamba kumenya wamkazi, kuti mwina angakonzekere kudzipatula.
Sikovuta kudyetsa mwachangu, ndizazikulu kwambiri ndipo amatha kudya brine shrimp nauplii ndi zakudya zina.
