Nicaragua cichlazoma (Chilatini Hypsophrys nicaraguensis, kale Cichlasoma nicaraguense) ndi nsomba yachilendo pamtundu wake ndi mawonekedwe amthupi. Amuna aku Nicaragua ndi akulu kuposa akazi, koma akazi amawoneka okongola kwambiri.
Mtundu wa thupi umadalira kwambiri komwe amakhala m'chilengedwe, koma utoto wokongola kwambiri ndi thupi lowoneka bwino lagolide, mutu wakuda wabuluu ndi zokutira zam'mimba, komanso pamimba wofiirira.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, ngakhale kuti cichlazoma yaku Nicaragua ndi imodzi mwamaikilidi achikuda kwambiri, ana ake amakhala osawonekera, abulauni ndipo samakopa chidwi. Mwachiwonekere, chifukwa chake, siwofala kwambiri, chifukwa ndizovuta kugulitsa ndikupeza ndalama mwachangu.
Koma, ngati mukudziwa bwino mtundu wa nsomba, ndiye kuti ndi imodzi mwamaikisi abwino kwambiri omwe angakusangalatseni kwazaka zambiri.
Ichi ndi nsomba yabwino kwambiri kwa onse odziwa bwino ntchito zam'madzi komanso otsogola. Monga ma cichlids onse, aku Nicaragua ndiwachigawo ndipo amatha kuchita nkhanza kwa oyandikana nawo.
Komabe, sizowopsa kwambiri, makamaka poyerekeza ndi ma cichlids ena akulu ku Central America.
Kukhala m'chilengedwe
Cichlazoma yaku Nicaragua idafotokozedwa koyamba ndi a Gunther mu 1864. Amakhala ku Central America: ku Lake Nicaragua, mumtsinje wa Matina ku Costa Rica.
Amapezeka munyanja ndi m'mitsinje momwe mumayenda pang'ono kapena mwapakatikati. Achinyamata amadya tizilombo, koma akulu amapita ku detritus, mbewu, ndere, nkhono ndi zina zopanda mafupa.
Kufotokozera
Thupi la Nicaragua cichlazoma ndilolimba komanso lamphamvu, lili ndi mutu wopindika kwambiri komanso pakamwa potsika. Ndi nsomba yayikulu kwambiri yomwe imatha kutalika mpaka 25 cm. Ndi chisamaliro chabwino, cichlazoma yaku Nicaragua imatha kukhala zaka 15.
Thupi lake ndi mkuwa wagolide wokhala ndi mutu wabuluu. Mzere wakuda wakuda umadutsa mzere wapakati, wokhala ndi kadontho kakuda pakati. Zipsepse za pectoral zimawonekera poyera, pomwe enawo ali ndi madontho akuda.
Monga lamulo, nsomba zomwe zimagwidwa m'chilengedwe zimakhala zowala kwambiri kuposa momwe zimakhalira mu aquarium.
Zovuta pakukhutira
Cichlazoma yaku Nicaragua ndi nsomba yayikulu koma yamtendere. Sikovuta kusamalira, komabe kumafunikira chidziwitso, chifukwa kukula kumapangitsa kuchepa kwake.
Komabe, ngati novice aquarist atha kukupatsani nyanja yamchere yayikulu, madzi oyera, kudyetsa moyenera ndi oyandikana nawo, sipadzakhalanso zovuta pakukonza.
Kudyetsa
Cichlazoma waku Nicaragua ndiwopatsa chidwi, mwachilengedwe amadyetsa makamaka zakudya zamasamba - algae, zomera, masamba, detritus, komanso nkhono ndi zina zopanda mafupa. Mu aquarium, amadya zakudya zamtundu uliwonse, zachisanu ndi zopangira.
Maziko a chakudya amatha kupangidwa ndi zakudya zabwino kwambiri zopangira ma cichlids akulu, komanso kupatsidwa Artemia, magazi a mphutsi, nkhono, nyongolotsi, nyama ya shrimp.
Amakondanso masamba: zukini, nkhaka, letesi, kapena mapiritsi okhala ndi zinthu zambiri zazomera (spirulina)
Zakudya zochokera ku nyama ya mamalia (mwachitsanzo, mtima wa ng'ombe) ziyenera kuperekedwa pang'ono, chifukwa zimakhala ndi mafuta ndi mapuloteni ambiri, sizimwazika bwino ndipo zimayambitsa kunenepa kwambiri kwa nsomba.
Zokhutira
Kuti musunge nsomba, muyenera kukhala ndi aquarium ya malita 300 kapena kupitilira apo, ndipo ikakulirakulira, ndibwino. Amakonda kuyenda komanso madzi oyera, chifukwa chake muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito fyuluta yakunja yamphamvu.
Popeza pali zinyalala zambiri mutadyetsa, muyenera kusintha pafupifupi 20% yamadzi sabata iliyonse ndipo onetsetsani kuti mukusefukira pansi.
Mu aquarium, ndikofunikira kupanga biotope yofanana ndi mtsinje ku Central America: pansi pamchenga, malo ambiri okhala pakati pa miyala ndi zokopa.
Popeza kuti anthu aku Nicaragua amakonda kwambiri kukumba pansi, ndizomveka kusunga mbewu m'miphika ndi mitundu yolimba kwambiri. Amathanso kudya masamba aang'ono, makamaka nthawi yobereka.
Kugwirizana ndi nsomba zina
Monga ma cichlids onse, aku Nicaragua ali ndi gawo komanso owopsa poteteza gawo lawo. Komabe, samakhala wankhanza kuposa ma cichlid ena amtundu wake.
Itha kusungidwa ndi ma cichlids ena - njuchi, yamizeremizere yakuda, yofatsa, salvini. Amasungidwa muwiri, zomwe ndizosavuta kunyamula ngati mutagula nsomba zazing'ono 6-8 ndikuzikweza pamodzi, ndikupatsanso nthawi kuti muzidziwe nokha.
Kusiyana kogonana
Kusiyanitsa mkazi ndi wamwamuna mu cichlids ku Nicaragua sikophweka. Wamphongo ndi wokulirapo ndipo amakhala ndi msonga wakuthwa wakuthwa.
Kuphatikiza apo, bampu yamafuta imayamba pamutu wamwamuna, ngakhale mwachilengedwe ndiyosakhalitsa ndipo imangowonekera pakangobereka. Mkazi ndi wocheperapo kuposa wamwamuna ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala wowala kwambiri.
Kuswana
Cichlazoma yaku Nicaragua imaswana bwino mumtambo wamadzi. Amayikira mazira m'maenje, koma ayenera kuwonedwa ngati maanja amodzi okhaokha omwe amafunikira mapanga ambiri ndi pogona.
Amakumba dzenje pogona, popeza caviar yaku Nicaragua si yomata ndipo sangathe kuyipachika kukhoma logona.
Mkazi amaikira mazira, omwe amaonekera poyera komanso amakula kwambiri (2 mm). Kutentha kwa 26 ° C, kumaswa tsiku lachitatu, ndipo pambuyo pa masiku ena 4-5, mwachangu amasambira.
Kuyambira pano, itha kudyetsedwa ndi brine shrimp nauplii. Makolo amasamalira mazira ndipo amawathira nthawi zonse, kapena m'malo mwake wamkazi amasamalira, ndipo wamwamuna amamuteteza.
