Beauceron, kapena Galu Wamphongo Wosalala wa ku France (Berger de Beauce), ndi galu woweta wakumpoto kwa France. Ndigalu yayikulu kwambiri komanso yakale kwambiri ku France, sinadutsanepo ndi mitundu ina ndipo ndiyabwino.
Mbiri ya mtunduwo
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana lachisanu ndi chitatu, nkhosa za nkhosa zomwe zimayendayenda m'mapiri a France zinali zofala kwambiri. Abusa awiri aku France amatha kuthana ndi gulu la mitu iwiri kapena mazana atatu, ndipo onse amatha kuyang'anira ndi kuteteza gulu. Mphamvu ndi chipiriro zidawalola kutsagana ndi gulu la mtunda wa makilomita 50-70, ndikudutsa masana.
Mu 1863, chiwonetsero choyamba cha agalu chidachitikira ku Paris, pomwe panali agalu oweta 13, omwe pambuyo pake amadziwika kuti Beauceron. Ndipo panthawiyo amawerengedwa ngati antchito, osati agalu owonetsa ndipo sanadzutse chidwi chochuluka.
Kwa nthawi yoyamba dzina la mtunduwo linagwiritsidwa ntchito m'buku lake lonena za agalu ankhondo ndi pulofesa wa zoology ndi veterinarian Jean-Pierre Mégnin (Jean Pierre Mégnin). Nthawi imeneyo, agaluwa amatchedwa Bas Rouge, omwe amatha kutanthauziridwa kuti "masokosi ofiyira", chifukwa cha zikopa zam'mbuyo.
Mu 1896, a Emmanuel Boulet (mlimi komanso woweta ziweto), Ernest Menaut (Minister of Agriculture) ndi Pierre Menzhin adasonkhana m'mudzi wa Villette. Adapanga muyeso woweta agalu ndipo adatcha a Bergere de la Brie (briard) omwe ali ndi tsitsi lalitali komanso Berger de la Beauce (beauceron) wa tsitsi lalitali. Mu Chifalansa, Berger ndi m'busa, liwu lachiwiri mdzina la mtunduwo limatanthauza dera la France.
Zotsatira za msonkhanowo zidapangidwa ndi French Shepherd Dog Club. Pierre Menzhin adapanga Beauceron Dog Lovers Club - CAB (French Club des Amis du Beauceron) mu 1911, kalabu iyi idachita nawo ntchito yotukula ndi kufalitsa mtunduwo, koma nthawi yomweyo amayesetsa kusunga magwiridwe antchito.
Komabe, pang'onopang'ono chiwerengero cha nkhosa chinachepa, kufunika koyendetsa galimoto kunatsika kwambiri ndipo izi zinakhudza chiwerengero cha abusa aku France. CAB idayamba kulengeza za mtunduwu ngati gulu loyang'anira kuteteza banja komanso nyumba.
Ndipo pomwe nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse idayamba, agalu adagwiritsa ntchito zatsopano. Amapereka mauthenga, amayang'ana migodi, owononga. Nkhondo itatha, kutchuka kwa mtunduwo kunakulirakulira ndipo lero amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mbusa, koma nthawi zambiri monga mnzake, mlonda, wankhondo komanso wogwira ntchito zaboma.
Mu 1960, Unduna wa zaulimi udayamba kuda nkhawa ndi mtunduwo kuti uwuteteze pakusintha. Kusintha komaliza kwamtunduwu kunatengedwa mu 2001, ndipo kunangokhala kokha - wachisanu ndi chimodzi pazaka zana zapitazi.
Chiyambireni zaka zana lino, agalu amenewa amapezeka ku Holland, Belgium, Germany ndi mayiko ena aku Europe. Koma akunja, chidwi pamtunduwu chinali chofooka. American Beauceron Club idakhazikitsidwa kokha mu 2003, ndipo mtunduwo udadziwika mu AKC mu 2007.
Kufotokozera
Amuna a Beauceron amafika masentimita 60-70 ndikufota ndipo amalemera 30 mpaka 45 makilogalamu, tizirombo timachepa pang'ono. Zaka zamoyo zimakhala pafupifupi zaka 11.
Chovalacho chimakhala ndi malaya apamwamba komanso m'munsi (malaya amkati). Chapamwamba ndi chakuda, chakuda ndi khungu, harlequin (wakuda-imvi ndi khungu, malo akuda ndi imvi). Ichi ndi chovala cholimba, chodula komanso kutalika kwa masentimita 3-4.
Pamutu, makutu, mawoko, ndi achidule. Chovalachi nchimvi, chofiyira mbewa, chachifupi, chakuda. M'nyengo yozizira imakhala yolimba, makamaka ngati galuyo amakhala pabwalo.
Agalu ali ndi khosi lolimba komanso mapewa otukuka bwino, chifuwa chachikulu. Galu akuyenera kupereka chithunzi cha mphamvu, mphamvu, koma mopanda phokoso.
Chikhalidwe cha mtunduwo ndi zipsera za mame - zala zakumanja zowonjezera, zomwe ndizolepheretsa mitundu ina ndipo zimachotsedwa. Ndipo malinga ndi mtundu wa mtunduwo, kuti Beauceron azichita nawo ziwonetserozi, iyenera kukhala ndi zikopa ziwiri pamiyendo yake yakumbuyo.
Khalidwe
Wolemba wotchuka waku France Collette, wotchedwa Beauceron "malembo apadziko" chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo apamwamba komanso owoneka bwino. Ndi odekha komanso okhulupirika pabanja lawo, koma amasamala za alendo. Anzeru komanso opirira, othamanga komanso olimba mtima, azolowera kugwira ntchito molimbika komanso okonzeka kuteteza mabanja awo.
Anthu odziwa zambiri, odzidalira amafunika kuphunzitsa abusa aku France. Ndi njira yolondola, yodekha komanso yovuta, amangotenga malamulo onse ndikuyesa kukondweretsa mwiniwake. Chowonadi ndi chakuti iwo ndi atsogoleri mwachilengedwe ndipo amayesetsa nthawi zonse kukhala oyamba pantchitoyo. Ndipo panthawi yocheza, kuphunzitsa, muyenera kuti mwini wake akhale wolimba, wokhazikika komanso wodekha.
Nthawi yomweyo, adakali anzeru komanso odziyimira pawokha, samalekerera nkhanza komanso kupanda chilungamo, makamaka ngati zikuchokera kwa alendo. Ngati mwini wakeyo sadziwa zambiri ndipo akudziwonetsa kuti ndi wankhanza, ndiye kuti machitidwe otere, sikuti amangokhala opanda ntchito, adzakhala owopsa.
Makamaka ayenera kuperekedwa ku kucheza ndi agalu, popeza sakhulupirira alendo. Zowona, gawo ili lilinso ndi gawo labwino - ndi alonda abwino kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, amakonda mabanja awo kwambiri, ali okonzeka kudumpha pachifuwa, akuthamangira kukumana nanu njira yonse.
Amakonda ana ndipo amakhala nawo bwino, koma kukula ndi mphamvu zitha kupusitsa ana. Ndibwino kuwadziwitsa wina ndi mnzake mwachangu kwambiri kuti galuyo amvetsetse mwanayo, ndipo mwanayo amvetsetsa kuti galu amafunika kumuseweretsa mofatsa.
Komabe, galu aliyense ndi wosiyana, akagula mwana wagalu wa Beauceron, onetsetsani kuti makolo ake akukhala bwino ndi ana. Ndipo musasiye ana aang'ono okha ndi galu wanu, ngakhale atawachita bwino motani.
Amatha kuchita nkhanza kwa agalu ndi nyama zina, koma nthawi zambiri amakhala bwino ndi omwe amakula nawo.
Nzeru zawo zimawawuza kuti azilamulira nyama zina ndi anthu powakinata, kumbukirani kuti iyi ndi galu woweta.
Amagwira ndikuwaluma pang'ono nkhosa kuti aziwongolera. Khalidweli ndilosafunikira kwenikweni mnyumba, ndipo kuti muchotse, ndibwino kuti muphunzire maphunziro aukapolo (kumvera).
Mbali inanso yoweta agalu ndiyo kufunika kwakuchuluka kwamatenda amthupi ndi m'maganizo. Beauceron ndiotanganidwa kwambiri kuti azikhala mnyumba kapena padoko, amafunikira nyumba yabwinobwino yokhala ndi bwalo lalikulu pomwe amatha kusewera, kuthamanga ndi kuyang'anira.
Mphamvu ndi chipiriro chawo zimafunikira ntchito yambiri kuposa kuyenda mozungulira malowa kwa theka la ola. Ndipo ngati sakupeza njira, izi zimakhudza galu, zimakhala zosachedwa kukwiya kapena zotopetsa ndipo zimawononga.
Chisamaliro
Chovala chobisalira, choteteza madzi ku Beauceron sichifuna chisamaliro chapadera ndikuwateteza ngakhale kuzizira koopsa. Ndikokwanira kupesa kamodzi pa sabata, kupatula nthawi yokhetsa, pomwe muyenera kuchotsa tsitsi lakufa tsiku lililonse.
