Dimidiochromis compressiceps (Latin Dimidiochromis compressiceps, English Malawi eyebiter) ndi cichlid wodya nyama kuchokera ku Lake Malawi ku South Africa. Osazolowera, koma amapezeka m'madzi am'madzi. Nsombazi ndizowoneka bwino kwambiri chifukwa cha utoto wake wabuluu wachitsulo komanso mawonekedwe apadera. Imapanikizika pambuyo pake, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale cichlid yonyezimira kwambiri m'nyanja ya Malawi.
Kukhala m'chilengedwe
Dimidiochromis compressiceps adafotokozedwa ndi Boulenger mu 1908. Mitunduyi imapezeka ku Malawi, Mozambique ndi Tanzania. Amakonda kwambiri Nyanja ya Malawi, Nyanja ya Malombe komanso mitsinje ya Shire ku East Africa
Amakhala m'madzi osaya m'malo otseguka okhala ndi mchenga, pomwe pali madera a Vallisneria ndi zomera zina. Malo awa ndi madzi odekha, pafupifupi opanda mafunde. Amasaka nsomba zazing'ono, makamaka m'madzi osaya, komanso bakha wamng'ono ndi Mbuna yaying'ono.
Ndi mbalame yomwe imabisalira, mawonekedwe ake opanikizika komanso kutsika kwake kumalola kuti ibisalike pakati pa Vallisneria ndipo zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuziwona m'madzi otseguka. Ili ndi mzere wakuda womwe umayenda kuchokera kumphuno kumbuyo kwa mchira, womwe umapereka chophimba china.
Ngakhale lili ndi dzina lachingerezi (Malawi eyebiter), silisaka mitundu yokhayokha, limakonda kusaka nsomba zazing'ono (makamaka achinyamata Copadichromis sp.). Iwo ndi apadera chifukwa amameza nyama zawo ndi mchira wawo patsogolo, m'malo moziwombera koyamba.
Komabe, dzinalo limachokera pachizolowezi chake chodya nsomba m'maso. Izi sizimachitika kawirikawiri, ndipo pali malingaliro osiyanasiyana mozungulira. Ena amakhulupirira kuti amachititsa khungu wovulalayo, ena amaganiza kuti izi zimachitika pokhapokha chakudya chikasowa, ndipo ena amati diso lingakhale labwino.
Mulimonsemo, m'madzi okhala ndi zitsanzo zodyetsedwa bwino izi zimachitika kawirikawiri, ngati zingachitike.
Kufotokozera
Dimidiochromis compressiceps imatha kutalika pafupifupi masentimita 23. Akazi ndi ochepa kwambiri kuposa amuna. Amakhala pafupifupi zaka 7 mpaka 10.
Thupi ndilopapatiza ndipo limapanikizika pambuyo pake (chifukwa chake dzina lachi Latin loti compressiceps), lomwe limachepetsa kuwonekera kwake. Pakamwa pake pamakhala sokulirapo, ndipo nsagwada ndizitali, kufikira pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a kutalika kwa thupi.
Cichlid wamkuluyu nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi thupi lasiliva loyera lomwe lili ndi mzere wopindika wofiirira m'mbali, kuyambira pakamwa mpaka kumchira.
Amuna okhwima ogonana amapaka utoto wonyezimira wonyezimira wokhala ndi mawanga ofiira ndi lalanje pamapiko awo. Ma Albino ndi mitundu yama multicolor ndizofala.
Zovuta zazomwe zilipo
Nsombazi zimasungidwa bwino ndi okonda chidziwitso. Ndizovuta kuzisamalira chifukwa chakufunika kwamadzi akulu akulu komanso madzi oyera kwambiri. Amafunikiranso zokutira zambiri.
Dimidiochromis ndi odyetsa ndipo amapha nsomba iliyonse yaying'ono kuposa iwowo. Amagwirizana ndi nsomba zina bola ngati anzawo aku tanki ali ofanana kukula kapena okulirapo komanso osachita nkhanza kwambiri.
Siziyenera kutetezedwa ku mbuna kapena tiziromboti tina tating'ono.
Kusunga mu aquarium
M'madzi otchedwa aquarium, Dimidiochromis compressiceps nthawi zambiri amakonda kusambira m'madzi, mosiyana ndi ma cichlid wamba aku Africa am'banja la Mbuna (okhala m'miyala). Amatha kukhala ankhanza panthawi yobereka, kuteteza mwamphamvu gawo lawo kwa onse obwera.
Amuna amodzi amayenera kusungidwa m'nyumba zazimuna ndi akazi angapo, chifukwa izi zimasokoneza mkwiyo wawo kuchokera kwa wamkazi aliyense.
Chifukwa cha kukula kwake kwakukulu komanso nkhanza zawo, malo osungira ma aquarium ayenera kukhala osachepera 300 malita. Ngati amasungidwa ndi ma cichlids ena, kufunikira aquarium yayikulu.
Kuphatikiza apo, nsomba zilizonse zazing'ono ziyenera kuzipewa chifukwa zimatha kudyedwa.
Monga ma cichlids onse m'nyanja ya Malawi, amakonda madzi olimba amchere. Mitsinje ikudutsa m'nyanja ya Malawi ili ndi mchere wambiri. Izi, limodzi ndi kutuluka kwamadzi, zadzetsa mapangidwe amadzi amchere, omwe ali ndi mchere wambiri.
Nyanja ya Malawi imadziwika chifukwa chodziwikiratu komanso pokhazikika pokhudzana ndi pH ndi zina zamagetsi. Sikovuta kuwona chifukwa chake kuli kofunika kudziwa momwe madzi am'madzi am'madzi am'madzi amadzigwirira ndi nsomba zonse zaku Malawi.
Dimidiochromis imafuna madzi oyenda bwino komanso kusefera kwamphamvu komanso kothandiza. Amatha kulekerera pH iliyonse yopanda mbali, koma pH 8 ndiyabwino (tinene pH 7.5-8.8). Kutentha kwamadzi pazinthu: 23-28 ° C.
Kongoletsani aquarium ndi milu ya miyala yokonzedwa kuti apange mapanga, madera akulu amadzi osambira. Perekani malo otseguka pakati ndi pansi pa thankiyo kuti atsanzire malo awo achilengedwe.
Mitengo yazomera zamoyo kapena zopangira zomwe zimafika pamwamba zimathandizira kuchepetsa kupsinjika, monganso ma nooks pakati pamiyala. Zomera zamoyo monga vallisneria zimatsanzira malo awo achilengedwe bwino.
Nsombazi si makoswe ndipo sizidzawasokoneza.
Gawo lamchenga limakonda.
Kudyetsa
Zakudya zopangira monga ma pellets azidya, koma sayenera kupanga maziko azakudya. Ngakhale kuti nsomba imeneyi mwachibadwa imadya nsomba, imatha kuphunzitsidwa mosavuta kudya zakudya zopangidwa ndi mazira. Shrimp, mussels, seleshells, bloodworms, tubule, ndi zina.
Ngakhale
Nsomba iyi si ya aquarium wamba. Ndi chilombo, koma mwamakani pang'ono. Mitundu yodya nyama yokhala ndi pakamwa yayikulu yomwe siyiyenera kusungidwa ndi nsomba zosakwana 15 m'litali, momwe izidyera.
Komabe, amakhala mwamtendere ndi mitundu yayikulu kwambiri yoti sangadye. Amuna amakhala minda pokhapokha pakubereka.
Zosungidwa bwino m'magulu amphongo amodzi ndi akazi angapo. Mwamuna adzaukira ndikupha mwamuna aliyense wamtundu womwewo mu thankiyo, pokhapokha thankiyo ikakhala tonne.
Malingana ngati oyendetsa matankiwo ali ofanana kukula kapena okulirapo komanso osachita zankhanza, azigwirizana ndi cichlid uyu. Osasunga nsombayi ndi tiyi tating'ono tating'ono.
Ndiwolenje achilengedwe ndipo adzaukira aliyense ang'onoang'ono mokwanira kudya.
Zoyipa zakugonana
Amuna akuluakulu amakhala owala kwambiri kuposa akazi, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala opanda pake.
Kuswana
Sizovuta. Mtundu uwu ndi wamitala, mazira amaswa pakamwa. Mwachilengedwe, amuna azigawo amakumba zovuta mumchenga ngati malo obalira.
Nthawi zambiri malo obalirako amakhala pakati pa tchire la zomera zam'madzi, koma nthawi zina amakhala pansi kapena pafupi ndi thunthu lamtengo kapena pansi pamwala.
Thanki kuswana ayenera kukhala osachepera 80 centimita m'litali. Miyala ingapo yayikulu yopingasa iyenera kuwonjezedwa kumalo osungira kuti apereke malo omwe angabwerere ku Vallisneria. PH yabwino 8.0-8.5 ndi kutentha pakati pa 26-28 ° C.
Tikulimbikitsidwa kubzala gulu la amuna amodzi ndi akazi 3-6, popeza amuna amatha kukhala achiwawa kwa akazi. Yamphongoyo ikakhala yokonzeka, imasankha malo obalalapo, mwina pathanthwe lathyathyathya kapena kukumba kukhumudwa mu gawo lapansi.
Adziwonetsa pafupi ndi malowa, atakhala wowoneka bwino, ndikuyesa kunyengerera akazi kuti agone naye.
Mzimayi akakhala wokonzeka, amayandikira pamalo obalirako ndi kuyikira mazira pamenepo, kenako amawatenga pakamwa pake. Amuna amakhala ndi mawanga kumapeto kwa kumatako komwe kumakopa akazi. Akayesera kuwonjezera ana m'kamwa mwake, amalandira umuna kuchokera kwa wamwamuna, potero umakankhira mazirawo.
Amagwira mazira 250 (nthawi zambiri 40-100) mkamwa mwake pafupifupi milungu itatu asanatulutse mwachangu. Sadzadya panthawiyi ndipo amatha kuwonekera pakamwa pake potupa komanso khungu lakuda.
Mkazi D. compressiceps amadziwika kuti amulavulira ana ake msanga akapanikizika, chisamaliro chachikulu chimayenera kutengedwa ngati mungasankhe kusuntha nsomba.
Tiyeneranso kudziwa kuti ngati mkazi watuluka kumudzi nthawi yayitali, atha kutaya malo ake olowerera gulu. Ndibwino kudikirira nthawi yayitali musanasunthire wamkazi, pokhapokha ngati akuthamangitsidwa ndi abale.
Otsatsa ena amachotsa mwachangu mkamwa mwa amayi pakadutsa milungu iwiri ndikuwakweza mwanjira imeneyi. Izi nthawi zambiri zimapangitsa kuti anthu azikhala mwachangu kwambiri, koma njirayi imangolimbikitsidwa kwa iwo omwe amadziwa nsomba kale.
Mulimonsemo, mwachangu ndi okwanira kudya brine shrimp nauplii kuyambira tsiku loyamba kusambira kwawo kwaulere.
