Bull Terrier ndi mtundu wa agalu oterera. Palinso kakang'ono ng'ombe yamtundu wambiri, yomwe imasiyanitsidwa ndi kukula kwake. Agalu amenewa amawerengedwa kuti ndi osalamulirika komanso owopsa, koma ayi. Ndi ouma khosi, koma amakonda anthu ndi mabanja awo ndi mtima wawo wonse.
Zolemba
- Bull Terriers amavutika popanda chidwi ndipo ayenera kukhala mnyumba ndi mabanja awo. Iwo sakonda kukhala okha ndipo amavutika ndi kunyong'onyeka ndi kulakalaka.
- Ndizovuta kuti iwo azikhala m'malo ozizira komanso achinyezi, chifukwa cha tsitsi lawo lalifupi. Konzani zovala zanu zamphongo pasadakhale.
- Kuzisamalira ndizoyambira, ndikwanira kupesa ndikupukuta kamodzi pa sabata mutayenda.
- Maulendo okha ayenera kukhala a 30 mpaka 60 mphindi kutalika, ndimasewera, masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso kulimbitsa thupi.
- Iyi ndi galu wamakani komanso wofuna kuchita zomwe zingakhale zovuta kuphunzitsa. Osavomerezeka kwa eni osadziwa zambiri kapena ocheperako.
- Popanda mayanjano ndi maphunziro, Bull Terriers atha kukhala ankhanza kwa agalu ena, nyama, komanso alendo.
- Kwa mabanja omwe ali ndi ana ang'onoang'ono, ali osayenera, chifukwa ndi amwano kwambiri komanso amphamvu. Koma, ana okulirapo amatha kusewera nawo ngati aphunzitsidwa kusamalira galu mosamala.
Mbiri ya mtunduwo
Mbiri yakuwonekera kwa ng'ombe zam'madzi zimayamba ndi Middle Ages ndikuwonekera kwa lingaliro loti "masewera amwazi", omwe amatanthauzira ngati magazi osangalatsa. Uwu ndi mtundu wachisangalalo momwe nyama zimamenyera wina ndi mnzake, kuphatikizapo ndewu za agalu. Ndewu izi zinali zosangalatsa zodziwika ku England panthawiyo, ndipo kubetcha kunkachitika.
M'mayenje omenyera nkhondo, munali onse osauka komanso olemera, ndipo phindu lake nthawi zambiri linali lalikulu. Pafupifupi mudzi uliwonse ku England unali ndi malo awoawo omenyera nkhondo, osanenapo za mizindayo. Mmenemo agalu amamenya nkhondo ndi ng'ombe zamphongo, zimbalangondo, nguluwe zamtchire komanso wina ndi mnzake.
Pokakamira ng'ombe, agalu amafupika amafunikira, amatha kugwira mphuno yamphongo kuti asachite chilichonse. Iwo anali okonzekera bwino ndipo okhawo amphamvu kwambiri anasankhidwa.
Nthawi zambiri galuyo amagwiritsitsa ng'ombeyo ngakhale iuluka mlengalenga ndikusungidwa ndi moyo. Amakhulupirira kuti nkhondo yoyamba yotereyi idamenyedwera ku 1209, ku Stamford. Kuyambira m'zaka za zana la 13 mpaka 18th, masewera ankhanzawa amawonedwa ngati masewera amtundu ku England.
Popita nthawi, kutchuka kwa kuluma ng'ombe kumakulirakulira, ndikuyenera kufunikira kwa galu wamtundu wina. Kukula, mawonekedwe, mphamvu za agalu adasinthidwa malinga ndi zofunikira za maenje omenyera, mawonekedwe ena analibe kanthu. Kwa zaka mazana ambiri, agalu amphamvu, oopsa, othamanga apangidwa ndikuwongoleredwa.
Komabe, mu 1835 Chilango Chankhanza kwa Zinyama chidaperekedwa, choletsa mtundu uwu wazosangalatsa. Eni ake adapeza njira yothetsera kusamvana pakati pa nyama, ndikupanga nkhondo pakati pa agalu, zomwe sizoletsedwa mwachindunji ndi lamulo. Nkhondo za agalu zimafuna malo ochepa, ndalama, ndipo sizimakhala zosavuta kukonzekera.
Panali kufunika kwa agalu omenyera nkhondo omwe anali osavuta kubisala apolisi akafika. Kuphatikiza apo, ndewu za agalu zimatenga nthawi yayitali kuposa kuluma kwa ng'ombe ndipo sizimangofunika zolimba zokha, komanso agalu olimba omwe amatha kupirira ululu ndi kutopa.
Kuti apange agalu otere, obereketsa adayamba kuwoloka Old English Bulldog ndi ma terriers osiyanasiyana. Ng'ombe zamphongozi komanso zotumphukira zimakhala ndi chidwi komanso kutha kwadzidzidzi komanso mphamvu, kupirira komanso kulekerera kupweteka kwa ma bulldogs. Bull ndi Terriers adadziwika kuti ndi omenyera nkhondo pomenya nkhondo mpaka kufa kuti mbuye wawo awakomere.
Mu 1850, James Hinas waku Birmingham adayamba kupanga mtundu watsopano. Kuti achite izi, adadutsa Bull ndi Terrier ndi mitundu ina, kuphatikiza White English Terrier yomwe tsopano sinathenso. Ng'ombe yatsopano yoyera yamphongo imakhala ndi mutu wopingasa, thupi lokwanira komanso miyendo yolunjika.
Ma Hinks amangopanga agalu oyera, omwe adawatcha Bull Terriers, kuti amasiyanitse ndi Bull wakale ndi Terriers. Mtundu watsopanowu umatchedwanso "mtundu wa Hincks" kapena White Cavalier chifukwa chotha kudziteteza komanso mabanja awo, koma osayamba konse.
Mu 1862, Hinks adawonetsa agalu ake chiwonetsero ku Chelsea. Chiwonetsero cha galu ichi chimabweretsa kutchuka ndi kupambana kwa mtunduwo ndipo obereketsa atsopano amayamba kuswana ndi ma Dalmatians, Foxhounds ndi mitundu ina.
Cholinga cha kuswana ndikuwonjezera kukongola ndi mphamvu. Ndipo Hinks yekha amawonjezera greyhound ndi collie magazi kuti asalaze phazi. Agalu amenewo anali asanawoneke ngati ng'ombe zamasiku ano.
Bull Terrier imadziwika bwino ndi AKC (American Kennel Club) mu 1885, ndipo mu 1897 BTCA (The Bull Terrier Club of America) imapangidwa. Ng'ombe yoyamba yamtundu wamakono idadziwika mu 1917, anali galu wotchedwa Lord Gladiator ndipo adadziwika ndikosayima konse.
Kufotokozera
Bull Terrier ndi mtundu wamisala komanso othamanga, ngakhale wowopsa, ngakhale ali ndi mawonekedwe abwino. Mulingo wamtunduwu sumapereka zofunikira zapakatikati ndi kulemera, koma nthawi zambiri ikamafota ng'ombe yamphongo imafika 53-60 cm, ndipo imalemera 23-38 kg.
Mawonekedwe a chigaza ndi mawonekedwe apadera amtunduwu, ndi ovoid kapena chowulungika, osakhala ndi ma curve kapena depressions. Pasapezeke zovuta, mtunda pakati pa mphuno ndi maso ndiwowoneka bwino kuposa pakati pa maso ndi pamwamba pa chigaza. Osayima, mphuno yakuda ndi mphuno zazikulu. Nsagwada zam'munsi ndizolimba, kuluma ndi lumo.
Makutu ndi ang'ono ndi owongoka. Maso ndi opapatiza, ozama, amakona atatu, amtundu wakuda. Mawonekedwe amaso ndiwanzeru, odzipereka kwa eni ake. Ndi mtundu wokhawo wa agalu womwe uli ndi maso amakona atatu.
Thupi ndi lozungulira, ndi chifuwa chakuya komanso chachikulu. Kumbuyo kumakhala kolimba komanso kofupikitsa. Mchira ndi waufupi, wotambalala kumunsi ndikudutsa kumapeto.
Chovalacho ndi chachifupi, pafupi ndi thupi, chonyezimira. Mtunduwo umatha kukhala woyera (mawanga pamutu ndiolandiridwa) kapena utoto (pomwe utoto umakhalapo).
Khalidwe
Amakondana ndi banja ndipo mwiniwake, akufuna kutenga nawo mbali m'moyo wake, amakonda kukhala ndi anthu, kusewera.
Munthawi yamasewera, muyenera kukhala osamala ndi ana, chifukwa mpira wamtunduwu umatha kugwetsa mwanayo mosazindikira. Mwambiri, sikulimbikitsidwa kuyenda ng'ombe yamphongo kwa iwo omwe sangakwanitse kuthana nayo: ana, okalamba komanso anthu atadwala.
Sindiwo galu wolondera, koma alibe mantha, okhulupirika komanso owopsa, amatha kuteteza ku ngozi. Chibadwa choteteza chimakhala mwa iwo mwachilengedwe, koma nthawi zambiri amakhala ochezeka ndi alendo.
Ng'ombe yamphongo imakhala ndi chidwi chofunafuna, imatha kuukira nyama, poyenda muyenera kusunga galu pa leash. Samakhala bwino ndi nyama zina mnyumba. Amphaka, akalulu, hamsters ndi nyama zina zazing'ono zimakhala pachiwopsezo nthawi zonse.
Makolo a mtunduwo anali agalu ochokera kumayenje akumenyera, ndipo nawonso adatenga nawo gawo pankhondo, ngakhale Mlengi wawo adawona mnzake wa njonda yamphongo, osati wakupha. Kutchuka kwa kukhetsa kwawo mwazi komanso kusadziletsa kwakhala kokokomeza.
Mwachitsanzo, American Temperament Test Society (ATTS), yomwe cholinga chake ndi kuchotsa agalu omwe angakhale oopsa pamapulogalamu obereketsa, akuti ikuyenda bwino kwambiri.
Chiwerengerocho ndi pafupifupi 90%, ndiye kuti, agalu 10% okha ndi omwe amalephera mayeso. Nthawi zambiri samachitira anthu nkhanza, osati agalu.... Bull Terriers kale anali omenyera nkhondo m'maenje, koma lero ali chete.
Agalu ena samazika mizu, chifukwa ng'ombe zamtunduwu ndizofala kwambiri, ndipo chifukwa chake, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tizisunga ng'ombe zamkati mnyumba basi. Free kwa amphaka, agalu ena ndi makoswe. Amuna amatha kupezerera amuna anzawo akamayenda, nthawi zonse muziyenda patali ndikuyenda ndipo musalole kuti galuyo achoke pa leash.
Monga mitundu ina, kuyanjana koyambirira ndiye maziko olimbikitsa kukhala ochezeka komanso owongoleredwa. Mwana wagalu akangotenga ng'ombe akayamba kudziwa anthu atsopano, malo, zinthu, zomverera, kumakhala bata komanso kosavuta kuyendetsa.
Komabe, ngakhale galu wotereyu sangadaliridwe kuti amalumikizana ndi nyama zina, chibadwa chimalanda. Zambiri zimatengera mawonekedwe ake. Ng'ombe zina zamphongo ndizochezeka ndi amphaka ndi agalu, ena sangathe kuzilekerera.
Sikwanzeru kuyesa izi pa agalu a anzanu, achenjezeni ndikuwapempha kuti asiyire ziweto zawo kunyumba ngati angakuchezereni.
Opezerera ndi anzeru koma amakhala odziyimira pawokha ndipo zimakhala zovuta kuphunzitsa. Amayankha bwino akaphunzitsidwa molimba mtima, mosasunthika komanso kuyang'aniridwa ndipo samayankha mwano, kumenyedwa, komanso kufuula.
Udindo wa mtsogoleri uyenera kuchitidwa ndi eni ake nthawi zonse, popeza ng'ombe yamphongo ndiyanzeru mokwanira kuti ifufuze malire a zomwe zimaloledwa ndikuzikulitsa. Ng'ombe zazing'ono zazing'ono zamphongo zazing'ono zamphongo zazing'ono zomwe zimakonda kukhala zamphongo zamphongo zimatha kukhala zowuma komanso zosalamulirika, chifukwa chake sizovomerezeka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi galu koyamba kapena ofewa.
Kulera ana ndi njira yayitali ndipo muyenera kuleza mtima. Ali ndi chidwi chokwanira kuti maphunziro sayenera kukhala aatali ndipo amafunikira zosiyanasiyana kuti akhalebe ndi chidwi. Ngati chidwi chitayika (ndipo izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri), mutha kuzibwezera mothandizidwa ndi zochitira kapena kutamanda.
Koma, ngakhale ma Bull Terriers ophunzitsidwa bwino kwambiri amatha kuyesa kukankhira malire pazomwe zimaloledwa nthawi ndi nthawi. Utsogoleri, kuwongolera komanso kuwayang'anira nthawi zonse amafunikira kuti akhale okhazikika.
Agaluwa ndi amoyo ndipo amafunikira zolimbitsa thupi zambiri kuti akhalebe osangalala komanso athanzi. Ngati zosowa zake zakwaniritsidwa, ndiye kuti wolowetsayo akhoza kukhala m'nyumba. Zachidziwikire, amakhala omasuka m'nyumba yanyumba ndi bwalo.
Koma, mnyumbamo amakhala mwakachetechete, kutengera mitundu yambiri komanso yanthawi zonse. Zitha kukhala kuyenda, kuthamanga, kusewera ndi mpira, kutsata pa njinga. Ngati mulibe okwanira, mudzazindikira za izi. Kuchokera kusungulumwa ndi mphamvu yochulukirapo, amakhala owononga: amaluma zinthu ndi mipando, pakamwa pawo pansi, ndikuwa.
Amakhalanso ndi vuto losungulumwa, pomwe amakhala nthawi yayitali opanda anthu. Iwo amene amakhala nthawi yochuluka kuntchito ayenera kuyang'ana mitundu ina. Chifukwa chotopetsa, amayamba kuchita zinthu mofananamo ndi mphamvu yochulukirapo, amakhala amanjenje komanso owononga.
Kudzipatula sikuthandiza, chifukwa amatha kutafuna chilichonse, ngakhale zitseko zomwe zatsekedwa.
Chisamaliro
Chovala chachifupi chimafunikira chisamaliro chochepa ndipo chimatha kutsukidwa kamodzi pamlungu. Mukangoyenda, galu amatha kupukuta youma, koma mutha kuchitsuka pafupipafupi, chifukwa izi sizimavulaza malaya.
Chisamaliro chotsalira, monga mitundu ina, ndikudula, kuyang'anira ukhondo wa makutu ndi maso.
Zaumoyo
Mukasankha kugula mwana wagalu, muziyang'ana ngati ali wogontha. Ndizovuta kudziwa ngati mwana wagalu, makamaka kakang'ono, amakumva. Koma, kugontha kumachitika mu 20% ya zoyera zamphongo zoyera ndi 1.3% ya ng'ombe zamtundu.
Chifukwa cha tsitsi lawo lalifupi, amadwala kulumidwa ndi tizilombo, chifukwa kulumidwa ndi udzudzu kumatha kuyambitsa chifuwa, zotupa ndi kuyabwa. Kupanda kutero, awa ndi agalu athanzi osavutika ndi matenda amtundu wina.
Nthawi yayitali yokhala ndi ng'ombe yamphongo ndi zaka 10, koma agalu ambiri amakhala zaka 15.
