Ambiri mwa anthu amalingalira akangaude ngati zolengedwa zosasangalatsa. Koma nthawi yomweyo amakhalanso achinsinsi, mosiyana ndi wina aliyense. Choyamba, zachilendo maonekedwe a kangaude... Osati izo zokha, kapangidwe kake ndi kosiyana kwambiri ndi ife ma bipeds. Oimira nyamazi si tizilombo ngakhale, ngakhale izi zimawoneka zachilendo kwa ambiri.
Koma izi zimangoyang'ana koyamba, chifukwa zimakhala ndi kusiyana kokwanira ndi mitundu yonse ya agulugufe ndi tizilombo. Tizilombo timakhala ndi miyendo isanu ndi umodzi, pomwe akangaude ali ndi eyiti. Zolengedwa zomwe timakonda zimawona chilengedwe ndi avareji ya maso eyiti, ndipo nthawi zina atha kukhala khumi ndi awiri.
Pomwe tizilombo timakhala ndi anthu ofanana. Zamoyo zomwe zafotokozedwanso zilibe makutu, koma zimawona phokoso kudzera muubweya wophimba miyendo yawo. Mapangidwe oondawa amatha kusiyanitsa fungo. Kuphatikiza apo, akangaude alibe tinyanga, kutanthauza kuti, tinyanga ta kukhudza komwe tizilombo timakhala nako.
Chifukwa chake, ngwazi za m'nkhaniyi nthawi zambiri zimatchedwa mawu achabechabe "nyama", ngakhale samawoneka ngati nyama zodziwika bwino. Mutu ndi chifuwa cha akangaude zimaimira mbali yakutsogolo ya thupi, ndipo kumbuyo kumatchedwa kuti mimba. Alibe magazi otere, koma pali chinthu chamadzi cholowa m'malo mwake, chowoneka chowonekera poyera komanso chotchedwa hemolymph.
Miyendo ya zolengedwa zathu imamangidwa ndi magawo asanu ndi awiri, pomwe zimfundo zake zili ndi mawondo asanu ndi limodzi. Chifukwa chake, polingalira izi, sizinyama chabe, koma ma arachnid, omwe amadziwika kuti ndi mtundu waukulu wa ma arthropods. Thupi lawo limatetezedwa ndi chipolopolo chachitini. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, katundu wa akangaude nthawi ndi nthawi kuti azitaya ndizosangalatsa, m'malo mwake ndi watsopano.
Kusintha kwakanthawi kotereku kumatchedwa molts. Ndipo ndi nthawi ngati izi pomwe kukula kwa zamoyozi kumachitika, thupi lomwe limamasulidwa kuzinthu zolimba, chifukwa chake limatha kukulira momasuka kukula. Zonsezi, mitundu yoposa makumi anayi ya nyama zotere imadziwika. Tiyeni tiwadziwe bwino.
Akangaude atypical
Ntchito zofunikira za akangaude amitundu yosiyanasiyana zimadalira malamulo ambiri. Ngakhale pamakhala kusiyanasiyana pamalamulo aliwonse. Komanso adzapatsidwa Mayina amtundu wa kangaudeomwe mwanjira inayake amasiyana ndi unyinji wa anzawo.
Bagheera Kiplinga
Pafupifupi akangaude onse ndi odyetsa, ndipo izi ndizothandiza kwambiri, chifukwa amadya tizilombo tambiri todwalitsa. Zatchulidwa kale kuti zolengedwa zathu zili ndi miyendo eyiti, ngakhale ziwalozo zilidi khumi ndi ziwiri. Kungoti sizinthu zonse zomwe zimachitika poyenda, koma zimagwiranso ntchito zina.
Njira ziwiri zoyambirira ndi chelicerae, ndiye kuti nsagwada zazitali zomwe zikuthamangira kutsogolo, zolumikizidwa ndi timabowo toopsa. Kudzera mwa iwo, zinthu zimalowa mthupi la wovulalayo panthawi yoluma yomwe sikuti imangopha kokha, komanso imasungunula nyamayo, kuti izikhala yoyamwa.
Miyendo iwiri yotsatira ndi ma pedipalps, opangidwa kuti azigwira ndi kukankhira chakudya. Ndi mothandizidwa ndi zida zotere zomwe nyama izi zimadya, posankha zakudya zamapuloteni kuposa zamasamba. Mwa anthu omwe akuyimiridwa ndi nyama, pali mtundu umodzi wokha womwe mamembala ake ndi osadya nyama.
Zolengedwa zotere, zotchulidwa koyambirira kwambiri - Kipling's Bagheeras, amakhala moyo wawo pa ma acacias ndikudya zophuka pamasamba a zomerazi, zokhala ndi michere yambiri. Izi ndi akangaude anzeru kwambiri. Mwa amuna, omwe amakhala osiyana ndi theka lachikazi ndi cephalothorax yowala, pali madera obiriwira okhala ndi utoto wabuluu, m'mbali mwake mumakhala mdima kutsogolo ndi kufiyira kumbuyo.
Ndipo kukongola konseku kumaphatikizidwa ndi mthunzi wa amber wa paws. Chovala chachikazi chimadzaza ndi lalanje, bulauni ndi mitundu yofiira. Zamoyo zoterezi zimapezeka ku Central America. Mitunduyi idatchedwa dzina laulemu wa munthu wotchuka m'buku la Kipling. Ndipo iye ndi wa banja la akangaude kulumpha.
Mamembala ake ali ndi masomphenya abwino, ndipo kupuma m'matendawa kumachitika ndi trachea ndi mapapo nthawi yomweyo. Amakhalanso ndi zodumpha modabwitsa, ndikuthekera kwamagetsi kuti azikweza zala zawo kuti awonjezere kulumpha kwawo.
Kangaude wa nthochi
Ngakhale a Bagheera Kipling amakonda nyama zamasamba, poteteza nsanje madera awo akudya, nthawi zambiri samakhala aulemu kwa abale awo. Ndipo ngakhale pakasowa chakudya, amatha kudya. Koma nthawi zambiri akangaude, ngakhale owopsa, samachita nkhanza popanda chifukwa. Komabe, pali zosiyana pano.
Chitsanzo chochititsa chidwi cha izi ndi kangaude wa nthochi, yemwe samangokhala poizoni, komanso wosakwanira. Amatha kuukira aliyense amene angawonekere m'masomphenya ake, kaya ndi tizilombo, nyama kapena munthu. Dziko lakwawo la zolengedwa zotere liyenera kuonedwa ngati nkhalango zamvula ku Australia, South America ndi Madagascar.
Ngakhale posachedwapa, akangaude osavulazawa akufalikira padziko lonse lapansi, osangofika m'malo oyandikira, komanso ku Europe. Ndipo apaulendo amasamukira mumabokosi azipatso, ndipo nthawi zambiri amabisala mu nthochi, chifukwa chake amatchulidwa motere.
Akangaude oterowo amakhala ofiira mofanana ndi nthambi ndi makungwa amitengo. Amakhala otalika masentimita 4, ndipo amapatsidwa miyendo yayitali kwambiri, ngakhale pafupifupi masentimita 12. Komabe iyi pakati mitundu ya akangaude akuluakulu osati chachikulu kwambiri. Olemba mbiri potengera magawo ndi mamembala a banja la tarantula.
Kufotokozera kwa chimodzi mwazinthu zachilendozi, zotchedwa goliati, kudzaperekedwa kumapeto kwa nkhani yathu. Kangaude wa nthochi mwiniwake amachokera ku banja la intaneti. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pa luso loluka maukonde osatseguka, iwo omwe amakonda kubisala m'mabokosi a nthochi akhala opambana kwambiri.
Ukonde wawo uli ndi mawonekedwe olondola azithunzi, ndipo maselo ake ofanananira amakula akamachoka pamalo amodzi, kuzungulira komwe amafotokozedwera ndi ulusi wazunguliro la utali wozungulira. Maziko a iwo ndi chinthu chomata chobisika ndimatenda apadera.
Kuphatikiza apo, mosiyana ndi ena am'banjali, akangaude amakhala ndi zopangitsa kuti aziluka mawebusayiti asanu ndi awiri, osati limodzi, monga zikuyembekezeredwa. Maukonde aluso amapangidwa munthawi yolemba ndipo ndi misampha yoopsa yosaka momwe nyama zazikulu ndi zazing'ono zimagwidwa. Ndiye kuti, imatha kukhala osati kafadala ndi agulugufe, komanso mbalame zazing'ono.
Kangaude wa Darwin
Popeza tikulankhula za luso loluka - luso lomwe akangaude amadziwika, ndizosatheka kunena za Kangaude Darwin - wokalamba pachilumba cha Madagascar, chifukwa amadziwika kuti ndiamene amapanga kangaude wamkulu komanso wolimba kwambiri. Chingwe chonyamulira cha maukonde ojambulidwa chimafikira 25 m, utali wozungulira wazungulira ungafanane ndi 2 m, ndipo ukonde wonsewo ungakhale m'dera la 12 m2 ndi zina zambiri.
Kukula kwazimayi mumitundu yambiri ya akangaude kumadutsa kukula kwa amuna. Poterepa, woimira lamuloli lomwe tikulingalira ndiwosiyana, koma ndizosiyana, chifukwa anthu achikaziwo ndi akulu katatu kuposa abwana awo. Ngakhale omalizira amatha kukhala ochepa ngati 6 mm, awo amafikira 18 mm.
Ndizodabwitsa kuti zolengedwa zazing'ono zotere zimatha kuluka maukonde odabwitsa chonchi. Zowonadi, nthawi zambiri malekezero awo amalumikizidwa ndi mitengo yomwe ili m'mbali mwa mitsinje kapena nyanja. Ndipo ulusi wa maukondewo, womwe udapezeka, ndiwodalirika kakhumi kuposa Kevlar wolemera kwambiri. Asayansi amakhulupirira kuti kuphunzira za kangaude wotereyu kungapindulitse kwambiri anthu ndikuthandizira kukonza ukadaulo wopanga zida.
Ndizosangalatsa kuti mtundu uwu wa arachnids udapezeka ku Madagascar posachedwa, koyambirira kwa zana lino. Ndipo adamupatsa dzina loti Darwin chifukwa chodziwika bwino pankhani yazakugonana, popeza wasayansi wotchuka adakhala, mwa zina zabwino, woyambitsa kafukufuku wazamawu pankhaniyi. Awa ndi akangaude akuda, okongoletsedwa ndi mtundu woyera, thupi ndi miyendo yawo yokutidwa ndi tsitsi laling'ono lowala.
Kangaude gladiator
Komabe, nthumwi zambiri za dongosolo la akangaude amadziwika kuti kulimba ulusi. Amatha kutambasula kutalika kanayi kuposa kutalika koyambirira. Ziweto zimakakamira m'maukondewa chifukwa cha ulusi wolimba wa ulusi wozungulira.
Koma eni nkhwangwa eni, akamayenda nawo, sawopsezedwa ndi izi chifukwa chophimba tsitsi pamiyendo, zomwe zimalepheretsa izi. Kugwedezeka kwa ukondewo kumangokhala ngati chizindikiro choti nyamayo yagwidwa muukondewo, ndipo alenjewo amatha ngakhale kugwedeza kwazing'ono kwambiri.
Koma si zolengedwa zathu zonse zomwe zimaomba misampha yozungulira. Mwachitsanzo, chosiyana ndi kangaude wa gladiator yemwe amakhala kum'mawa kwa Australia. Nyama zotere zimapanga zikwama zazing'ono kuchokera ku ulusi wolumikizana, zomwe zimagwira anthuwo, ndikuwukira mwadzidzidzi.
Chida chomwecho, monga amadziwika m'mbiri, chidagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi omenyera nkhondo achiroma, omwe adatchulidwapo akangaude. Mtundu wa amuna amtunduwu ndi wofiirira. "Madona" ndi okulirapo, m'mimba mwawo muli zodzaza ndi zotupitsa lalanje. Monga akangaude ambiri, nyamazi zimapita kukasaka usiku.
Akangaude oluma
Ena mitundu ya kangaude osaluka ukonde konse. Amalungamitsa mayina awo monga zilombo, mongokalipira anzawo. A Phryne arachnids amakhalanso opanda maukonde oluka pakusaka kwawo. Miyendo yawo ndi yayitali kwambiri, ndipo miyendo yoyenda kutsogolo, nthawi yomweyo, imathera ndi zingwe za miyendo.
Ndiye chifukwa chake nyama zotere zimatchedwa akangaude obaya. Alinso ndi miyendo yoyeserera yokhala ndi zida zogwirira: zingwe ndi mitsempha. Ndiwo omwe amachita nawo omwe amawazunza, makamaka tizilombo.
Izi sizilombo zazing'ono zomwe zimakhala ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 4.5. Thupi lawo limakhala lathyathyathya, lomwe limalola kuti azibisala bwino m'misasa yamasana, komwe amapuma poyembekezera kusaka usiku. Zolengedwa zapaderazi zimakhalanso ndi makapu oyamwa pamiyendo yawo, yomwe imathandizira kuyenda kwawo mozungulira.
Njira yoberekera ndiyopangidwanso. Ngati akangaude wamba amapanga zikopa za kangaude, momwe amaikira mazira, omwe kuchuluka kwawo kumatha kufikira masauzande angapo, akazi achikazi a Phrynes amaphimba pamimba pawo ndi kanema wapadera wopangidwa kuchokera kumatenda achisanu.
Malo osungiramo chimodzimodzi, ofanana ndi thumba la kangaroo, amakhala ngati chidebe cha mazira. Komabe, chiwerengero cha yotsirizira kawirikawiri si upambana khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi. Palibe malo okwanira.
Akangaude a Anteater
Poyambirira, tidakambirana za momwe akangaude amasiyanirana ndi tizilombo - zamoyo zomwe zimadyetsa. Koma palinso zosiyana pano. Ndipo ndi akangaude anteater. Ili ndi banja lonse la oimira nyama.
Ndipo mitundu ina (pali pafupifupi chikwi chimodzi) pafupifupi amatsanzira tizilombo timene timadyetsa, zomwe zimawathandiza kuti asadziwike ndi omwe amawazunza panthawi yosaka ndi kuwukira.
Kangaude wotereyu amatha kufanana kwathunthu ndi nyerere. Kusiyana kwawo kokha ndi kuchuluka kwa miyendo. Alenjewo, monga tikudziwira kale, ali ndi asanu ndi atatu, ndipo ozunzidwa ali ndi asanu ndi mmodzi okha. Koma ngakhale pano malo owonera mwaluso amadziwa momwe angasokonezere mdani.
Pofika pafupi ndi nyerere, zimakweza miyendo yakutsogolo, kotero zimakhala ngati tinyanga ta tizilombo. Ndi chinyengo chachinyengo, amaloledwa kuyandikira nyama yawo.
Kangaude wouluka
Akangaude nawonso anakwanitsa kutsanzira, ndipo ankatchedwa otsanzira. Zowona, poyerekeza ndi malo owonera nyama, amachita chimodzimodzi. Choyamba, samatsanzira winawake, koma amadzipangira zolemba zawo kuchokera ku zomera zouma ndi zinyalala zamtundu uliwonse. Komabe, zonsezi sizimangokhalira kuukiridwa, koma kutetezedwa kwa adani, makamaka mavu olusa, omwe nthawi zambiri amasankha akangaude ngati chinthu chomwe amasaka.
Makope otere a miyendo eyiti amafanana ndi choyambirira mtundu, kukula ndi mawonekedwe. Amakhala ndi miyendo ndikuwonetsa kuwala kwa dzuwa ngati nyama zomwe amatsanzira. Madamuwo amasuntha ngakhale mphepo. Zolengedwa zanzeru komanso zaluso zimaika nyama zokhazika ngati izi pamawebusayiti awo m'malo owoneka bwino.
Ndipo mavu amathamangira kwa iwo, osakhudza wopanga wamoyo wazinthu zabwinozi. Ndipo adachenjeza, ali ndi mwayi wobisala munthawi yake. Akangaude otere amakhala ku Singapore. Ndipo ali ndi chovala cha motley chakuda, chofiirira ndi choyera, chokonzedwa m'njira zovuta. Pali banja lonse la akangaude achidwi omwe samangopanga okha, komanso kuwongolera zidole zawo.
Makamaka, amisiri ang'onoang'onowa adapezeka posachedwa ku Peru. Kanyama kakang'ono kameneka, kosapitilira 6 mm kukula kwake, kanapanga chidole cha kangaude kuchokera ku zotsalira za zomera, chokulirapo kuposa icho. Kuphatikiza apo, idapanga dummy yofananira, yobzalidwa pa khonde, kusuntha, kukoka zingwe za ukondewo.
Dona woyera
Mitundu ya akangaude oyera nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi poyizoni, chifukwa chake mukawona zotere kudera lachilendo, muyenera kusamala. Komabe, nthumwi yayikulu kwambiri ya akangaude amtundu wachilendowu, wotchedwa White Lady, sakuwoneka kuti ndi owopsa, chifukwa milandu yomwe amamuwombera kuchokera kumitundu ya anthu sikudziwikabe.
Zamoyo zoterezi zimapezeka m'chipululu cha Namib ku Africa. Zili pafupi kukula kwa 10 cm ngati tilingalira za kutalika kwa ma paws. Kuwona kwamtunduwu ndikosavuta, koma kumamva bwino. Ndipo amalankhulana ngakhale kupyola miyendo, potumiza mauthenga osiyanasiyana kwa abale awo.
Akangaude amphanga
Omwe ngwazi m'nkhani yathu ndi okonda mdima, amakonda nthawi yamadzulo kuti achite masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso kusaka. Komabe, ngakhale zili choncho, nthawi zina amakhala ndi maso khumi ndi awiri ndipo ambiri samadandaula zakuthwa kwa masomphenya.
Koma pali akangaude omwe ali ndi zida zosawoneka bwino. Ndipo apo, monga zinachitikira, ali akhungu kwathunthu. M'phanga lina ku Laos, Dr. Jager posachedwapa anapeza mtundu wofanana, womwe mpaka pano sunkadziwika. Adalandira dzina "Sinopoda scurion".
Mitundu ya akangaude omwe anali ndi masomphenya ochepa pang'ono anali atadziwika kale, koma tsopano ali otseguka komanso opanda maso. Monga lamulo, awa amakhala m'mapanga akulu, nthawi zambiri ngakhale okhala mobisa, omwe makolo awo adakhala moyo wawo wonse wopanda kuwala kwa dzuwa kwazaka mazana ambiri. Zolengedwa zofananira zochokera kubanja la Nestikus zidapezeka posachedwa ku Abkhazia m'phanga la New Athos.
Kangaude wa siliva
Arachnids afalikira padziko lonse lapansi. Palibe pangodya pomwe nyama zotere sizikanatha kuthawira. Ngakhale m'malo ozizira, amatha kukhalapo, komabe, pafupi ndi anthu. Izi makamaka ndi zamoyo zapadziko lapansi. Koma palinso ogonjetsa gawo lamadzi.
Chitsanzo cha izi, komanso, chokhacho, ndi kangaude wa siliva yemwe amakhala ku Europe. Miyendo yake yakumbuyo ili ndi ziphuphu zosambira. Ndipo tsitsi la pamimba silimanyowa likamizidwa m'madzi chifukwa cha mafuta apadera.
Kuphatikiza apo, m'malo omwewo, ma thovu amlengalenga amasungidwa powuma, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zinthuzi kupuma mozama. Amaponyanso siliva pansi pamadzi, zomwe zidadzetsa dzina la zosiyanasiyana.
Chodabwitsa kwambiri, izi poyang'ana zolengedwa zoseketsa, zosaposa sentimita imodzi ndi theka kukula kwake, ndi zawo mitundu ya akangaude owopsa... Ndipo kuluma kwawo kuli kofanana ndi koopsa ndi njuchi.
Kangaude wa Pelican
Agogo makolo akale a nyama zoterezi adakhalapo padziko lapansi zaka makumi asanu miliyoni zapitazo.Anzake amakono, omwe amapezeka ku Madagascar, ndi ocheperako ndipo amakhala ndi pafupifupi 5 mm. Koma adasungabe mawonekedwe achilendo kwambiri, ochokera kwa makolo awo. Ndipo chiyambi chawo ndikuti gawo lakutsogolo la thupi lawo limafanana ndi mutu wa nkhanga.
Ngakhale amakhala ochepa, ali ndi nsagwada zamphamvu ndipo amatchedwanso akangaude opha chifukwa cha njira zawo zachilendo zosaka ma arachnids ofanana. Potsatira ulusi wawo wa ulusi, amazikoka.
Ndipo mwa izi zimapangitsa mwini wa maukonde kuganiza kuti nyama yomwe akuyembekezeredwa kwanthawi yayitali yathawidwa. Ndipo nyama yopanda mwayi, ikayembekeza kuti idye nkhomaliro yabwino, ipita kumalo, imakhudzidwa ndi kudya anzawo anzeru. Ndipo onyengawo sadziwa momwe angalukire mawebusayiti awo.
Akangaude achikhalidwe
Kawirikawiri, akangaude amakonda kukhala payekha kuti azilankhulana ndi mtundu wawo ndipo kuti apulumuke, safunikira kukhala ndi achibale. Komabe, pali akangaude atypical chikhalidwe. Owayimira nthawi zina amalumikizana ndi oyandikana nawo pazinthu zatsiku ndi tsiku kuti athandize onse, amagwirizana m'magulu, ngakhale kupezeka m'magawo.
Pamodzi amasaka nyama, yomwe payokha ndi yovuta kuigwira, pamodzi kuluka maukonde, kuteteza mazira mu zikopa. Koma nyama zotere sizifika pamtundu wapamwamba. Maubwenzi omwe afotokozedwayo amatha kukhalapo mwa omwe akuyimira banja la funnel, mu akangaude a orb-web, mu akangaude owomba nsalu ndi ena ena.
Akangaude owopsa
Akangaude atsimikiziridwa kuti ndi mtundu wakale kwambiri wazinyama zapadziko lapansi. Ndipo asayansi anali otsimikiza za izi, kupeza tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono ta amber, zaka zomwe zimayesedwa zaka mamiliyoni ambiri. Mwa iwo mudapezeka zotsalira za ukonde wa zolengedwa zisanachitike, zomwe sizingakhale china chilichonse kupatula akangaude.
Zimadziwikanso kuti mbadwa zawo zamakono zimalimbikitsa anthu osati kunyansidwa kokha, koma ndi chikumbumtima, nthawi zambiri mantha osalamulirika. Izi ndi matenda otchedwa arachnophobia. Nthawi zambiri, ilibe zifukwa zomveka. Komanso, anthu omwe amadwala matendawa amaopa ana amiyendo eyiti osavulaza kuposa kuwonongeka kwa ndege, ngozi zamagalimoto, ngakhale mfuti.
Zomwe zimayambitsa mantha amtunduwu sizimamvedwa bwino. Koma amaganiza kuti njira zake ziyenera kufufuzidwa pamtundu wa chibadwa, chisinthiko. Mizu yake imabwerera m'mbuyomu, pomwe ma arachnids adapezeka okulirapo komanso owopsa, ndipo makolo akutali a anthu anali nyama zazing'ono zopanda chitetezo. Komabe mitundu yoopsa ya kangaude zilipo lero. Tidzakambirana nawo mopitilira.
Karakurt
Ichi ndi cholengedwa chowopsa. Koma ngati silikhudza, nthawi zambiri silimalimbana ndi anthu komanso zinyama zina. Komabe, kuluma kwake kumatha kubweretsa imfa. Amaluma pakhungu mpaka kutsika kwa theka la millimeter, koma amabayira poizoni wakupha kwambiri. Ng'ombe, ngamila, akavalo, ndi mbewa zosiyanasiyana zimakhudzidwa nazo kwambiri.
Koma zokwawa, amphibiya, agalu ndi mbewa sizichitira izi. Poizoniyo amayamba kugwira ntchito nthawi yomweyo, pakangopita mphindi zochepa, amabalalika mthupi lonse. Mwa anthu, zimayambitsa kupweteka, kugundana, pallor, chizungulire, kusanza, kusakhazikika kwamaganizidwe amtsogolo, kuphimba kwa cholengedwa, kuyerekezera zinthu m'maganizo, misala.
Kuphatikiza pa North Africa, karakurt imapezekanso kumadera akumwera kwa Europe, makamaka ku Mediterranean ndi Central Asia, nthawi zina amapezeka ku Astrakhan ndi madera ena akumwera kwa Russia. Akangaude oterewa amakhala m'mabowo, njira zomwe zimathamangira pansi mobisa.
Zamoyo zotere zimakhala zachonde kwambiri. Ndipo kamodzi pa kotala lililonse la zaka, kapena kupitilira apo, kufalikira kwa kubereketsa makamaka kumalembedwa, pambuyo pake kuchuluka kwawo kumachulukirachulukira. Dzina la nyamayi limamasuliridwa kuchokera ku chilankhulo cha anthu aku Asia ngati "tizilombo tating'onoting'ono". Kuphatikiza apo, ndi ya mtundu wamasiye wamtundu wakuda.
Mulinso oposa khumi ndi atatu mitundu ya akangaude akuda, zonsezi ndi zakupha. Mtundu wa karakurt umagwirizana kwambiri ndi dzina lake, kupatula mawanga 13 a lalanje pamwamba pamimba yake yotupa, yopanga mpira. Palinso karakurt yamitundu ina, kuphatikiza yoyera.
Kangaude-mtanda
Kwa ma arachnids, awa ndi nyama zazikulu kwambiri, kutalika kwa thupi mpaka masentimita 2. Ma chelicerae awo siowopsa ndipo amatha kuluma kudzera pakhungu la nyama zokha m'malo owonda. Ndipo kawopsedwe ka poizoni amafanana ndi njuchi. Zolengedwa izi zimakhala ndi dzina lakupezeka kumtunda chakumimba kwamtundu wamtundu wamtanda, womwe umakhalapo kuti uopseze adani.
Akangaude otere amakhala m'mitengo ya mitengo momwe amaluka maukonde kuti agwire tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, womwe ndi chakudya chomwe amakonda. Monga nthumwi zina za kangaude, ali ndi chimbudzi chakunja, ndiye kuti, amalowetsa timadziti m'thupi la nyama, amazisungunula, kenako amamwa. Okwana pali mitundu pafupifupi 600 ya mitanda, pafupifupi khumi ndi atatu mwa iwo amakhala m'dziko lathu.
South Russian tarantula
Ndikosavuta kumaliza kuchokera dzinalo kuti, monga abale awiri omwe anali ndi poizoni, zolengedwa izi ndizonso mitundu ya kangaude, ku Russia ndi amene angakhale ndi vuto lakukumana naye. Ndipo chochitika choterocho chingabweretse mavuto. Kuluma kwa tarantula kotere, monga lamulo, sikumapangitsa kuti munthu afe, ngakhale kuli kowawa kwambiri ndipo kumatha kuyambitsa malungo.
M'chigawo chathu cha ku Europe, ma tarantula amakhala mdera lamapiri okhala ndi nyengo youma, m'mapiri ndi m'chipululu, amapezeka ku Caucasus ndi Urals, ku Siberia. Amadzikumbira okha mabowo, omwe ndi osaya, osapitilira theka la mita, ma tunnel olumikizidwa ndi timitengo. Kufupi ndi nyumba zawo, nyama zosasangalatsa izi zimasaka tizilombo.
Kukula kwa matupi awo kumafika masentimita atatu, ndipo utoto nthawi zambiri umakhala wakuda pansipa, ndi wofiirira pamwambapa. Mwambiri, mawu oti "tarantula" amachokera ku dzina la mzinda wa Taranto, womwe uli ku Italy. Ndi pafupi pomwe nyama zoterezi zimapezeka mochuluka kwambiri.
Akangaude amnyumba
Ngakhale zolengedwa zamiyendo eyiti sizimadziwika kuti ndizosangalatsa, zimachitika kuti anthu m'nyumba zawo amazitembenuzira dala, nthawi zina amafuna kuti apindule nazo, ndipo nthawi zina chimodzimodzi, kwa akunja. Mwachitsanzo, ku Chile, komwe akangaude ang'onoang'ono koma owopsa amalowa m'nyumba mobwerezabwereza, eni ake amakhala mwadala abale awo ena.
Omalizawa ndi okulirapo, koma alibe vuto, koma amadyera mokondwera achibale awo owopsa. Ena mitundu ya akangaude zoweta amakhala mnyumba zopanda maitanidwe ndikukhala oyandikana nawo kwa nthawi yayitali, komanso mwakufuna kwawo. Ena mwa alendo omwe amabwera kunyumba za anthu adzafotokozedwa pansipa.
Wolemba Haymaker
Kangaude, wodziwika kwa pafupifupi aliyense, siochepera kuposa sentimita imodzi. Zowona, timamudziwa mayina osiyanasiyana. Mwa anthu wamba, adamupatsa mayina ena: wamiyendo yayitali kapena woluka. Thupi lokhazika mtima pansi la kangaude wotere limatha kukhala lofiirira, lofiira kapena mitundu ina yofananira.
Zamoyozi zimakonda dzuwa, choncho maukonde awo m'nyumba za anthu nthawi zambiri amakhala pazenera kapena pamakona owala bwino. Zamoyozi zilibe vuto lililonse komanso sizowopsa. Mutha kuchotsa kupezeka kwawo m'nyumba mwanu popanda zovuta zambiri. Ndikwanira kusesa maukonde onse omwe adalukidwa ndi tsache ndikuyeretsa chilichonse chozungulira.
Kangaude wamnyumba
Dzinalo limanena kuti akangaude otere nthawi zambiri amathawira m'nyumba za anthu. Zowona, samangokhala kumeneko, makamaka mumitengo. Koma imalowa m'nyumba kudzera m'ming'alu, maenje ndi mawindo ndipo nthawi yomweyo amayesa kubisala m'makona obisika.
Kenako amaluka maukonde awo ngati chubu wokhala ndi mapangidwe ovuta. Chifukwa chake, amatenga tizilombo tosasangalatsa, chifukwa kuwonjezera pa ntchentche ndi udzudzu, amadyanso njenjete. Mwa izi, zimabweretsa phindu lalikulu kwa munthu, koma zimatha kuluma, ngakhale zili zopanda vuto lililonse. Akangaude oterewa samaposa masentimita atatu kukula, mtunduwo nthawi zambiri umakhala wakuda.
Goliati tarantula
Mitundu ya akangaude pachithunzichi onetsani zosiyana zawo. Ndipo tsopano tikupereka komaliza, koma yachilendo kwambiri komanso yosangalatsa. Ndi kangaude wamkulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, mpaka masentimita 30. Thupi laubweya wa chimphonacho limatha kupanga chithunzi.
Mwambiri, zamoyozi zimakhala m'nkhalango ku South America. Koma nthawi zambiri amasungidwa ngati ziweto ndi okonda zachilendo. Mwa njira, mosiyana ndi dzina, ma arachnid awa samadya mbalame, njoka zokha, amphibiya ndi tizilombo.
Ndipo wina sayenera kuganiza kuti ndi achikale. Akhozanso kutchedwa ophunzira, chifukwa kuchuluka kwa ubongo wawo kumafanana pafupifupi ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo anayi a thupi lonse. Ziweto zoterezi zimatha kuzindikira eni ake ndipo zimawakonda.
