Collie kapena Scottish Shepherd Galu (English rough collie) ndi mtundu wa agalu oweta, ochokera ku England ndi Scotland. Poyamba agalu ogwira ntchito, tsopano ndi galu mnzake komanso mnzake.
Collies ndi tsitsi lalitali komanso lalifupi. M'mayiko ambiri, mitundu iwiriyi imawerengedwa kuti ndi mitundu yosiyana ndipo sitha kuwoloka, koma ku United States ndikuloledwa ndikuwoloka kumodzi.
Chisokonezo chikuwonjezeranso ndikuti agalu ambiri abwinobwino, amiseche, achiaborigine amatchedwa choncho. Ndi mawu oti Scottish Shepherd Galu, omwe amagwira agalu akuyesera kusiyanitsa ndi mitundu ina ndikufotokozera.
Zolemba
- Uyu ndi galu wanzeru, womvera, wokhulupirika. Wodzipereka kwathunthu kubanja.
- Amakhala ndi tsitsi lalitali komanso lalifupi, mitundu yonse iwiri imafunikira chisamaliro, koma pali zina zazitali.
- Ambiri amakhala ndi nkhawa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe nthawi zambiri azachipatala amadziwa. Komabe, ndibwino kuchenjeza, popeza zomwe zimachitika sizimadziwika, mpaka kuwonongeka kwa anaphylactic ndikufa.
- Amakonda ana ndipo amasewera nawo, ndiwothandiza ndipo ndi mnzake.
- Aukhondo, amatolera zinyalala zazing'ono ndi ubweya wawo poyenda.
- Alendo amathandizidwa mosamala, koma osati mwamakani. Ndi mayanjano oyenera, amakhala ochezeka, popanda iwo amakhala amanyazi komanso amanyazi.
Mbiri ya mtunduwo
Ngakhale pali malingaliro ambiri, zochepa sizinganenedwe motsimikiza za mbiri ya mtunduwu kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 18. Adawonekera panthawi yomwe samangolemba chilichonse chokhudza agalu, komanso samalemba chilichonse.
Ngakhale magwero a dzinali ndiopikisana. Chikhulupiriro chofala kwambiri ndikuti mawu oti collie amachokera ku Angol-Saxon "col" kapena yakuda. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mitundu yazikhalidwe zankhosa ku Scotland zokhala ndi chigoba chakuda pankhope, ndipo amatchedwa: ma coleys, ma coallies, ndi makola.
Ndipo agalu abusa omwe amayang'anira nkhosa izi adayamba kutchedwa "Coallie Agalu", kenako mawuwo adafupikitsidwa.
Pali chiphunzitso china malinga ndi dzinali lomwe akuti limachokera ku cailean kapena coilean, ndikutanthauza galu.
Agaluwa akhala ku England kwazaka zambiri, ngati sizakwii. Anali ofala makamaka ku Scotland, Northern England, Wales, komwe amayang'anira ndikuweta nkhosa.
Monga dzina la mtunduwo, chiyambi chake sichimveka bwino, koma ndizodziwikiratu kuti ndichakale. Amakhulupirira kuti ndi mbadwa za agalu oweta ziweto a Aroma akale omwe adagonjetsa Britain mu 43 BC. e. Aroma anali okonda agalu odziwa zambiri, oweta mitundu yopitilira imodzi, kuphatikiza agalu oweta.
Chiphunzitsochi chimathandizidwanso ndikuti Abusa aku Scottish ali ofanana ndi anzawo ku Europe, mwachitsanzo, ku Beauceron.
Akatswiri ena amakhulupirira kuti mtunduwo ndi wakale kwambiri ndipo anali galu woweta ziweto ngakhale pakati pa Aselote. Amati agalu adabwera ndi Aselote zaka zikwi zapitazo, ndikuwonetsa tsiku lomwe mtunduwo unayambira kuchokera mazana angapo mpaka zaka masauzande angapo BC.
Izi zikufotokozera chifukwa chake galu wamtunduwu ndiofala kwambiri kumadera okhala ndi chi Celtic komanso osafala kwenikweni m'malo achingerezi.
Komabe, saganiziranso kuti mitundu ina yambiri idabweretsedwa ku UK ndipo idakhudzadi collie wangwiro.
Kaya agaluwa amapezeka kuti komanso kuti, anali ndi ntchito imodzi - yoweta nkhosa. Kwa zaka mazana ambiri, iwo anali kuthandiza eni ake kusonkhanitsa nkhosazo m'gulu la ziweto ndi kuziperekeza kukadyetsa ziweto.
Amayamikiridwa chifukwa cha magwiridwe antchito, ngakhale nzeru ndi kuphunzitsidwa sizinali zotsika mtengo. Koma kuwoneka kwa alimi kunali kosafunikira kwenikweni. Izi zinali choncho mpaka pakati pa zaka za zana la 18.
Mpaka nthawi imeneyo, ma collies sanali mtundu umodzi, amangosankha mtundu wa galu. Panali agalu ambiri okhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyana, makamaka achiaborijini. Ngakhale anali ofanana mthupi, kukula ndi mawonekedwe, amasiyana mosiyanasiyana, makutu ndi mphuno.
Anali ofala makamaka ku Wales, Scotland ndi Northern England. Collies yemwe amakhala ku Scotland amadziwika lero kuti Scottish Shepherds. Kuyambira zaka za zana la 16 adakhalapo pakusintha kwa tsitsi lalitali komanso lalifupi.
Kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 17th, makalabu oyamba kennel adawonekera ku England, omwe adayamba kusunga mabuku azoweta. Kumbuyo kwawo, ziwonetsero zimawoneka ngati njira yodziwira yemwe galu wake ali bwino. Makanemawa amachitikira makamaka ndi agalu osaka, omwe amadziwika ndi apakati komanso apamwamba.
Amapewa ma collies, popeza eni ake alibe chidwi ndiwonetsero zilizonse, pokhapokha zitakhudza zomwe m'busa amachita. Agalu oyamba adalowa chiwonetserocho mu 1860, monga agalu aku Scottish oweta ziweto.
Akadakhalabe magulu obalalika achilengedwe ngati si akazi m'modzi - Mfumukazi Victoria. Mmodzi mwa oimira amfumu okhudzidwa kwambiri, amakhala woyambitsa mafashoni ndi kukoma.
Chilichonse chomwe angasankhe, chimakhala chotchuka nthawi yomweyo. Paulendo wopita ku Barmolar Castle, amapatsidwa ana agalu.
Chidwi, samangokhala mwini, komanso woweta komanso amasunga agalu ambiri. Pali omutsatira ambiri, komanso osakhala alimi, omwe akufuna kuyimitsa mtunduwo ndikuchita nawo ziwonetserozi.
Pakutha kwa zaka zana, amapanga galu yemwe amagwera pansi pamiyeso ndi mtundu weniweni, wokhoza kukhala osati m'mudzimo mokha, komanso mumzinda. Kukula kwake kukuwonjezeka, koma magwiridwe antchito amachepetsedwa kwambiri. Koma, kutchuka kwenikweni kumadza ku mtunduwu ku America.
Agaluwa amalowa mmenemo kwa nthawi yayitali, koma monga ku England, amagwiritsa ntchito cholinga chawo. Koma ngakhale pakubwera mafashoni awonetsero agalu ndipo makola osakanikirana amayamikiridwa kwambiri.
Oitanitsa aku America amalowetsa agalu kwa olemera ndi otchuka. Kuyambira koyambirira kwa zaka za zana la 20, akhala otchuka pakati pa mamiliyoni ambiri, kuphatikiza Morgan.
Ndipo kuyambira koyambirira kwa 1930, anthu wamba aku America nawonso amawakonda. Pakati pa 1920 ndi 1930, woweta ku America Albert Payson Terhune adasindikiza nkhani zazifupi komanso zolemba zambiri, zambiri zomwe zimafotokoza za agalu ake. Mabukuwa ndi otchuka kwambiri ndipo amachita zambiri kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa mafani amtunduwu.
Komabe, zomwe mabukuwa amakhudza sizikugwirizana ndi za Eric Knight. Mu 1938, amasindikiza nkhani yayifupi ya galu wokhulupirika komanso wanzeru wotchedwa "Lassie Comes Home", yomwe imakhala yotchuka ndikukula kukhala nkhani yayifupi. Mu 1943, filimuyi inawombedwa pamaziko ake.
Imayang'ana Rough Collie ndipo kutchuka kwa kanema ndikodabwitsa. Kanema wawayilesi yemwe watulutsidwa amakhala zaka 19, m'magulu ambiri a Rough Collie amapulumutsa anthu pamavuto.
Lassie amakhala chithunzi, chizindikiro cha kukhulupirika komanso kulimba mtima. Ngakhale Lassie ndi msungwana malinga ndi zolembedwazo, nthawi zonse amasewera ndi amuna, popeza ali ndi malaya atali otalikirapo.
Palibe mtundu uliwonse ku United States womwe umalumikizidwa kwambiri ndi munthu wongopeka kuposa Rough Collie. Anthu aku America sawatcha kuti Scottish Shepherd, koma Lassie. Chifukwa cha makanema, kuyambira m'ma 1930 mpaka ma 1970, inali imodzi mwamagulu odziwika kwambiri ku America, mnzake wodziwika, komanso galu wofala kwambiri mumzinda.
Mpaka posachedwa, ma tsitsi atsitsi lalifupi komanso atsitsi lalitali amawerengedwa kuti ndi amtundu womwewo. Ngakhale ndizosowa, zidawoloka, koma masiku ano m'maiko ambiri amawerengedwa kuti ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Izi zidachitika posachedwa, mwachitsanzo, ku UK mu 1993.
Koma ku America, amawerengedwa mtundu umodzi, mosasamala kutalika kwa malayawo ndipo sadzalekanitsidwa posachedwa.
Kufotokozera za mtunduwo
Chifukwa cha kutchuka kodabwitsa kwa Lassie, ochepa m'badwo wakale sazindikira Rough Collie. Chifukwa cha iye, amadziwika bwino kuposa amfupi.
Kunja, kusiyanaku ndikosiyana, koma makamaka ndizofanana pachilichonse kupatula kutalika kwa malaya. Abusa amakono aku Scottish ndi akulu pang'ono kuposa makolo awo. Amuna amafika 56-61 cm atafota, ndipo akazi 51-56 cm.
Kulemera kwa makilogalamu 18 mpaka 30. Ngakhale gawo lalikulu la thupi limabisidwa pansi pa malaya akuda, awa ndi agalu okoma, ofanana, palibe gawo lililonse lakuthupi lomwe liyenera kuonekera kukula.
Mchira ndi wautali, nsonga yake ndi yopindika pang'ono pamwamba. Ali omasuka, galuyo amaigwira pansi, koma amainyamula ikakhala yosangalala.
Mawonekedwe am'mutu ndi m'mphuno ndi gawo lofunikira chifukwa amasiyanitsa Collie waku Scotland ndi mitundu ina yofananira.
Ndi ofanana ndi thupi ndipo m'malo mwake ndi yopapatiza, ngati mphete yosalala yopumira bwino.
Maso ake ndi ofanana ndi amondi, apakatikati, nthawi zina amakhala ang'onoang'ono, oyika bwino.
Agalu ambiri amakhala amdima, koma mumiyendo yabuluu, buluu kapena maso osamvetseka amavomerezeka.
Makutu ndi ochepa komanso opapatiza, omveka bwino. Galu akamasuka, amawongolera kumbuyo komanso pang'ono pambali.
Akakhala tcheru, gawo lakumunsi la khutu limakwera, nsonga imapendekera momasuka. Ganizo lonse la galu: kukoma mtima, luntha ndi chidwi.
Collies ndi tsitsi lalitali komanso lalifupi. Ali ndi malaya awiri komanso chovala chachifupi komanso chofewa.
M'masamba ocheperako ocheperako, malaya akunja ndi achidule, olimba, olimba komanso osalala. Tsitsi lotchuka lomwe limakhudza molunjika komanso molimba, lakuda kwambiri.
Pali khosi labwino pakhosi, ndi nthito kumbuyo kwa miyendo ndi mchira. Tsitsi lalifupi komanso losalala lokha pakamwa, makutu ndi miyendo yakutsogolo.
Kusiyanasiyana konseku kumabwera ndi mitundu itatu: nsalu (mithunzi kuchokera ku golide wonyezimira mpaka wamdima, kapena wamdima wamtambo), tricolor (wakuda wokhala ndi zofiirira pabira pamiyendo ndi kumutu) ndi buluu merle (silvery buluu wokhala ndi mawanga akuda ndi mitsempha) ...
Khalidwe
Ndi agalu okhulupirika komanso achikondi, amazolowera anthu. Amakonda kukhala nthawi yayitali limodzi ndi mabanja awo, ndipo amavutika modabwitsa popanda kulumikizana.
Iwo sali oyenerera kuti azikhala pa unyolo kapena ngakhale pabwalo, ngakhale iwo omwe sapezeka panyumba kwa nthawi yayitali ayenera kulingalira mosamala asanatenge galu wotere.
Chifukwa chokomera banja, ma collies amasamala za alendo. Ngakhale alibeubwenzi, samakonda kuwonetsa kupwetekera munthu, ndipo akakhala pagulu loyenera amatha kukhala ochezeka. Ngati apewera alendo, ndiye kuti sanachite zachiwawa, koma mwamantha.
Omangika komanso osamala, amapanga mabelu abwino odziwitsa za alendo. Koma, ngati galu wolondera, ali ofooka, ena mwa omwe akuyimira mtunduwo amalonjera alendo, ndipo ena athawa mwamantha.
Iyi ndi galu wabanja, wokhala ndimagulu oyenera, imangokhala bwino ndi ana. Amakhala ofatsa komanso osewera nawo, chinthu chokha chomwe angathe (monga agalu onse oweta) kutsina ana kuti aziwongolera. Chifukwa chake chibadwa chawo chimawauza, chifukwa ndi momwe amalamulira nkhosa zopusa.
Koma, iyi ndi nkhani yosowa, ndipo ngati izi zichitika, zimathetsedwa mosavuta mothandizidwa ndi maphunziro. Samagwirizana m'mabanja momwe kumachitika zochititsa manyazi kapena ndewu, amakhala omvera kwambiri mpaka kudwala ngati azingokhalira kukangana pabanja.
Collies amakhala bwino ndi nyama zina, kuphatikizapo agalu. Amagwira ntchito molumikizana, ndipo kukwiya pang'ono motsutsana ndi kobadwa nako ndizofala pamtunduwu. Komanso, ambiri amasangalala ndi agalu ena, makamaka mitundu yawo.
Ndipo zaka zambiri zaubusa zidawaphunzitsa kukhala bwino ndi nyama zina. Ngakhale amafunikira mayanjano, amaphunzira mwachangu ndipo samakonda kukhumudwitsa anzawo. Zowona, ali ndi chibadwa cholamulira zolengedwa zina, zomwe zimatha kukhumudwitsa amphaka.
Abusa aku Scottish ndi anzeru modabwitsa komanso amaphunzitsidwa. Ngakhale makola amakono ataya mphamvu zina zogwirira ntchito, mtunduwu umakhalabe wanzeru komanso wosachedwa kupsa mtima. Kuphatikiza apo, amalimbikitsidwa kwambiri kuti asangalatse munthuyo. Ngati tichotsa pamtundu wa chitetezo, chomwe mtunduwo sungathe kuchita, ndiye kuti palibe ntchito zomwe sizingatheke.
Kuphunzitsa mwankhanza komanso kuchita nkhanza sizingokhala zofunikira komanso zopanda phindu. Omangika, sadziwa momwe angachitire nawo, chifukwa akufuna kale kusangalatsa. Kutamanda kumagwira ntchito kangapo bwino, koma ma collies adzachita chilichonse kuti awathandize.
Ngakhale agalu omwe ali ndi chikhalidwe choumala amakhala akulu ndi kuleza mtima.
Ngakhale agalu ambiri oweta amakhala olimba kwambiri ndipo amafunika kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi (kapena ntchito yabwinoko), ma collies sali. Amatchedwanso kama mbatata mbatata, chifukwa ambiri amakhala omasuka.
Komabe, uyu ndi galu woweta ndipo kuyenda kamodzi kapena kawiri pa sabata sikungamugwirizane. Kuyenda tsiku ndi tsiku, kapena kuthamanga bwino, kudzakhala bwino ndi iwo. M'malo mwake, ili si vuto lalikulu, chifukwa anthu ambiri amtauni, zofunikira zolimbitsa thupi ndizotheka.
Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kwambiri kukwaniritsa zofunikira izi, apo ayi galuyo akhoza kukhala wowononga, wosachedwa kupsa mtima, kapena wowuwa. Galu akapeza potulutsa mphamvu zake, amakhalabe womasuka komanso wodekha.
Sagwiranso ntchito mopitilira muyeso, koma ngakhale makola amakono amakonda ntchito ngati changu kapena mbusa. Ndi agalu osunthika oyenera mabanja onse achangu komanso okhala m'mizinda.
Odziwika chifukwa cha ulemu ndi ukhondo, makola ambiri amadana ndi dothi ndipo amakhala oyera kwambiri. Ngakhale zimachitikadi, kuthamanga mozungulira matope ndikubwera nazo kunyumba sizomwe zimakhalako. Zowona, izi sizimawapulumutsa kuzinyalala zazing'ono, zomwe amatola ndi ubweya wawo ngati tsache.
Kuphatikiza apo, samakonda kudziluma zinthu, amachita modekha. Ngakhale zoseweretsa amatafuna komanso kunyamula m'kamwa mwawo m'malo mongokukuta.
Pali vuto limodzi lofala - amakonda ndikudziwa. Ngakhale makola omvera kwambiri komanso ophunzitsidwa bwino kuposa mitundu ina. Monsemo ndiabwino kwa okhala m'mizinda, koma phokoso limatha kukwiyitsa anansi awo.
Ponena za kusiyana kwa umunthu pakati pa Rough ndi Smooth Collie, palibe zochuluka. Makamaka agalu aku America, komwe amawoloka. Eni ake akuti kusiyanako kumangokhala pakukhazikika.
Tsitsi lalifupi ndilabwino komanso losangalatsa, pomwe ali ndi tsitsi lalitali, olankhula mwamanyazi.
Komabe, kusiyana pakati pawo ndikocheperako ndipo eni ake ambiri sadzawawona.
Chisamaliro
Sikovuta kulingalira kuti kusiyana kwakukulu ndi kotani pakati pa kusiyanasiyana kwa kudzikongoletsa. Ngakhale makola amfupi amafunikira kutsuka kangapo pa sabata, kwa makola aubweya wautali ndikofunika tsiku lililonse, zomwe zimatenga nthawi.
Kawirikawiri, koma amadulidwa, nthawi zambiri kuti galu azitha kupirira kutentha kwa chilimwe. Komabe, izi ndizoyipa pachovala ndipo mwina sichingakulenso momwe chinalili kale. Mwa amuna odulidwa, chovalacho chimakhala chofewa, komanso chofewa kwa mphasa.
Amakhetsa kwambiri, komanso kusiyanasiyana konseku. Ubweya ukhoza kuphimba pansi, mipando ndi makalapeti, koma zimawonekera kwambiri mwa omwe ali ndi tsitsi lalitali.
Amasungunuka chaka chonse, koma makamaka pakusintha kwa nyengo. Kwa anthu omwe akudwala chifuwa chachikulu komanso omwe sakonda agalu, mtundu uwu sioyenera.
Zaumoyo
Amawerengedwa kuti ndi mtundu wathanzi, ngakhale kwambiri. Amakhala ndi matenda obadwa nawo ochepa kuposa mitundu ina. Anabadwira kuntchito, ndipo kunalibe malo agalu odwala.
Chifukwa cha ichi, amagawidwa ngati agalu okhalitsa, omwe moyo wawo ndi zaka 12-14, koma nthawi zambiri 15-16.
Ali ndi matenda enaake, collie eye anomaly kapena CEA (Collie Eye Anomaly). Ngakhale zimachitikabe, zoyeserera za obeta zachepetsa kwambiri kufalikira.
Kukula kwake kumasiyanasiyana, kuyambira kusintha kochepa m'zotengera zamaso, kupita pagulu lakutsogolo, koma nthawi zambiri kumakhala kosafatsa. Matendawa amapezeka pakatha masabata asanu ndi limodzi ndipo samapita m'mbuyo mukamakalamba.
Collies ndi mitundu ingapo yogwirizana ndimakonda mankhwala ena. Ngakhale kukhudzika kumeneku kumadziwika ndi akatswiri azachipatala, ndibwino kuti muwonetsetse kuti inunso mumatero.
Monga anthu, zomwe zimachitika zimatha kuyambira pakusanza ndi kutsekula m'mimba mpaka mantha a anaphylactic ndi imfa.
