Dachshund (Chingerezi ndi Chijeremani dachshund) ndi mtundu wa agalu okhala ndi miyendo yayifupi ndi thupi lalitali, lopangidwira kusaka nyama zobowola.
Zolemba
- Wouma khosi komanso wovuta kuphunzitsa. Tengani njirayo - Galu Wam'mizinda Yoyendetsedwa.
- Ndi anzeru koma odziyimira pawokha komanso kusewera. Chifukwa cha izi, amatopa msanga ndi zolimbitsa thupi ndikupita bizinesi yawo. Muyenera kuleza mtima, kupirira komanso kulimbikira.
- Ali agalu osaka ndipo amachita moyenera. Amapangidwa kuti azikumba mbira, ndipo amatha kukumba ma dahlias anu m'malo mwake. Pakusaka, amapha omwe amawazunza, osasunga nyama zing'onozing'ono kutali nawo.
- Kwakukulu, kukukula kwa galu kukula kwake. Amakonda kubangula, taganizirani izi!
- Ngati simusunga, azidya kwambiri, kukhala aulesi komanso kunenepa. Izi zidzakulitsanso mavuto am'mimba. Onetsetsani zomwe mumadya, musamamwe galu wanu mopitirira muyeso, komanso muzichita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi.
- Amakhala ndi zofooka m'matumba a intervertebral disc, omwe amatha kubweretsa ziwalo. Musalole kuti adumphe kuchokera kutalika, ngakhale kuchokera pabedi, ponyamula, kwezani ndi manja awiri. Musalole kuyimirira ndi miyendo yanu yakumbuyo.
- Mwachibadwa amakayikira alendo.
- Ma dachshunds sakonda phokoso ndipo amatha kuluma akamanyozedwa. Chifukwa cha izi, siosankha bwino mabanja omwe ali ndi ana ang'onoang'ono.
Mbiri ya mtunduwo
Olemba ndi akatswiri ena amakhulupirira kuti mizu ya ma dachshunds imachokera ku Egypt wakale, monga zolembedwa za nthawiyo zikuwonetsa agalu osaka miyendo yayifupi. Ndipo mawu oti "tekal" kapena "tekar" olembedwa pa iwo ndi ofanana ndi "Teckel" wamakono waku Germany, yemwe adalowa m'malo mwa dzina loti Dachshund.
Kafukufuku wa agalu oledzeretsa ochitidwa ndi American University of Cairo awunikira lingaliro ili. Akatswiri ofufuza zamoyo sanatsimikizire kuyandikira kwa agalu akale ndi agalu amakono, zomwe zidafotokozedwa mu Science mu Meyi 2004, munkhani yotchedwa "Genetic Structure of the Purebred Domestic Dog."
Agalu amakono ndi zotsatira za ntchito ya obereketsa aku Germany, m'magazi awo pali zosowa za Germany, French, English terriers and hound, komanso mabuleki aku Germany. Poyambirira amabadwira kuti azisaka mbira m'mayenje ndikuwasaka ndi fungo.
Kutchulidwa koyamba kwa dachshunds kumapezeka m'buku lofalitsidwa chaka cha 1700 chisanachitike .. Zowona, amatchedwa "Dachs Kriecher" kapena "Dachs Krieger" omwe atha kutanthauziridwa kuti "kukwawa pambuyo pa mbira" komanso "wankhondo wa badger".
M'mbuyomu, agalu obowola amatchulidwa, izi ndizokhudzana kwambiri ndi kutsogola kuposa mtundu winawake. Dzinalo lamtunduwu m'Chijeremani - Dachshund limachokera ku mawu oti "badger" (Germany Dachs) ndi "galu" (German Hund).
Kutchuka kwawo ndikwabwino kwambiri kotero kuti amawerengedwa kuti ndi chizindikiro cha Germany. Pa Olimpiki yotentha ya 1972, dachshund wotchedwa Waldi anali mascot a Masewerawa. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, ndi Waldi yemwe ndiye chiweto chokha chomwe chidakhala mascot a Masewera a Olimpiki.
Ma dachshunds oyamba achijeremani anali okulirapo kuposa apano, omwe anali olemera kuyambira 14 mpaka 18 kg, ndipo amatha kukhala ndi miyendo yowongoka komanso yopindika. Ngakhale adadziwika kwambiri posaka mbira, adazigwiritsanso ntchito popanga bager (chowoneka chankhanza cha zaka mazana apitawa), posaka nkhandwe ndi hares, kufunafuna agwape ndi agwape panjira yamagazi, m'matumba a nkhumba zakutchire ndi mimbulu.
Pali malingaliro ambiri patsiku la kuwonekera koyamba, ena amatcha zaka za zana la 15, ena kuti osakawo adawabweretsa m'zaka za zana la 18.
Pakutha kwa zaka za zana la 18, ndizotchuka ku Germany, pali nyumba zambiri zoweta, chifukwa agalu ang'ono awa amathanso kupatsidwa ndi anthu apakati. Agalu adachitanso chidwi ndi Foggy Albion, komwe kusaka kwanthawi yayitali kwakhala ngati masewera. Amafika ku England, komwe kumachitika kuswana, amakhala ofupikirapo komanso amafupikitsa miyendo.
Mu 1836, Dr. Karl Reichenbach adayamba kujambulitsa ma dachshunds osiyanasiyana. M'buku lake, agalu amawonetsedwa ndi mawoko owongoka komanso opindika, aubweya wosalala komanso tsitsi lalitali, komanso tsitsi la waya.
Mu 1879 mtunduwo unali wokhazikika, pali mfundo 54 m'buku la stud. Pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo, adayamba kubwera ku America, limodzi ndi ochokera ku England ndi Germany.
Mu 1885 American Kennel Club imalembetsa mtunduwo, kuwufotokoza kuti ndi "olimba mtima mpaka kusasamala." Agalu a nthawi imeneyo anali okulirapo, popeza agalu amakono ndi anzawo kuposa agalu osaka.
Nkhondo Yoyamba Yapadziko Lonse idasokoneza kwambiri kutchuka kwa mtunduwu ku America ndi Europe. Monga tanenera kale, dachshund ndi chizindikiro cha Germany, ndipo panthawiyo malingaliro odana ndi Germany anali olimba ndipo kukhala ndi galuyu kumawerengedwa ngati kusakhulupirika.
Adapulumuka nkhondoyi ndipo adayambiranso kutchuka, koma kuti achite zonsezi pa nthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse. Atamaliza maphunziro awo, gulu la okonda dachshund lidagwira ntchito yophunzitsa ndikudziwitsa anthu galu uyu.
Khama lawo silinapite pachabe; lero ali m'gulu la mitundu 10 yotchuka kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, siotchuka kwenikweni ku Russia.
Kufotokozera
Ma dachshunds ndi agalu olimba okhala ndi thupi lalitali, lalifupi, miyendo yamphamvu ndi chifuwa chachikulu. Khungu lawo limakhala lolimba komanso lolimba, ndipo limathandiza kuteteza galu akamayenda m'mayenje ang'onoang'ono.
Chifuwacho ndi chakuya, chachikulu, chokhala ndi keel wodziwika komanso kuchuluka kwamapapu kuti athane ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi. Mphuno ndi yayitali, ndipo mphuno yayikulu imakhulupirira kuti imatenga fungo lina. Chigoba chake chimazunguliridwa, makutu ndi ataliatali, akugwa.
Makutu awa amathandiza kuteteza ngalande zamakutu ku dothi.
Mchira ndi wautali poyerekeza ndi thupi, umamatirira mukakhala wokondwa. Amati izi zimathandiza kupeza galu muudzu ndipo ngati wagwera mdzenje (kapena waikidwa ndi baji), ndibwino kuti umutengere iye.
Mwa agalu ofiira, mtundu wamaso ukhoza kukhala wopaka, wowoneka wonyezimira kapena wobiriwira, koma mwa mawonekedwe akuda kwambiri maso amakhala bwino.
Makulidwe
Ma dachshund amakhala amitundu itatu: yaying'ono, yaying'ono komanso yaying'ono ya kalulu yochokera ku kaninchen yaku Germany. "
Standard ndi kakang'ono amadziwika pafupifupi kulikonse, koma kalulu sadziwika ku USA ndi Great Britain, koma amadziwika ndi makalabu omwe ndi mamembala a FCI, ndipo awa ndi mayiko 83.
Nthawi zambiri, agalu amapezeka pakati pakati pamiyeso yaying'ono ndi yaying'ono.
Kulemera kwa galu wamba kumakhala mpaka 9 kg, agalu ang'onoang'ono amalemera kuyambira 4 mpaka 5.5 kg, kalulu dachshunds mpaka 3.5. Malinga ndi miyezo yamakalabu a kennel, ma dachshunds aang'ono ndi kalulu (ngati amadziwika) amasiyana ndi mulingo kukula ndi kulemera kokha.
Ngakhale mabungwe ena a canine amagwiritsa ntchito kulemera kwamagulu (AKC), ena amatanthauzira kusiyana pakati pa kakang'ono kakang'ono komanso kakang'ono pachifuwa, ndipo aku Germany amagwiritsa ntchito magawo onse atatuwa.
Kotero, kwa chifuwa chaching'ono kuyambira 30 mpaka 35 cm, kalulu mpaka 30 cm.
Ubweya ndi utoto
Ma dachshunds amasiyana kutalika kwa malaya: atsitsi lalitali, atsitsi lalifupi komanso opanda waya. Tsitsi lopanda waya ndilofala kwambiri ku Europe, koma ndilofala kwambiri kwawo, ku Germany.
Mu dachshunds yaubweya wofewa kapena wamfupi, imakhala yowala komanso yosalala, ili pafupi ndi thupi, galu amakhala ndi mawonekedwe onyambita. Kutalika kwake kumakhala pafupifupi masentimita 2. Pamchira, tsitsilo limagona chimodzimodzi ndi thupi, pang'onopang'ono kumachepa kutalika kufupi ndi nsonga.
Mchira wolumikizidwa, komanso mchira wopanda ubweya, ndizovuta kwambiri. Makutu ali ndi tsitsi lalifupi lokutira kunja.
Atsitsi lalitali amakhala ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino, okhala ndi chovala chonyezimira, chofewa, chopindika pang'ono chomwe chimakhala chachitali pachifuwa, pamimba, m'makutu ndi kumbuyo kwa miyendo. Sayenera kukhala yopindika kapena yolimba kotero kuti mtundu wa thupi sumaonekera, usakhale wautali kuthupi lonse.
Mwa nyama zokhala ndi waya, imapanga malaya akunja achidule, okhwima komanso owuma okuta thupi lonse kupatula makutu, nsagwada ndi nsidze.
Pali mkanjo wofewa pansi pa malaya apamwamba. Mawu a pakamwa pake ndiwoseketsa, chifukwa cha nsidze ndi ndevu zapadera.
Tsitsi lalitali kapena lopotana lomwe limamera mosiyanasiyana limatengedwa ngati ukwati, monga ubweya wofewa malaya akunja, kulikonse komwe ungawonekere. Mchira umakhala wokutira ndi tsitsi, kumata kumapeto, popanda utsi.
Ma dachshunds amabwera mumitundu ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kuchokera ku monochromatic yosavuta mpaka kuwonedwa, fawn, wakuda ndi khungu, chokoleti ndi ma marble.
Khalidwe
Dachshund ndi chithumwa chamiyendo yayifupi. Osewera, okonda komanso okondana ndi mamembala onse, ndiouma khosi komanso osamvera, zomwe zimapangitsa maphunziro kukhala ovuta.
Amamvera ena chisoni komanso amatchera khutu, amangokhalira kuwomba ngakhale pang'ono. Simukuyembekezera kuti khungwa lalikululo lidzatuluke, ndipo popanda maphunziro atha kukhumudwitsa oyandikana nawo.
Popeza sikovuta kuwaphunzitsa, kuleza mtima komanso pang'onopang'ono zimafunikira kuchokera kwa eni ake.
Amakhala ochenjera komanso otalikirana ndi alendo, amakhala okhulupirika komanso okhulupirika kwa eni ake. Popanda banja, amayamba kunyong'onyeka ndikumva chisoni, zomwe zimamasulira kukhala zoyipa monga kubowola kapena kulira, kukukuta zinthu ndi mipando.
Ndipo popeza sakonda kupita kunja nyengo yamvula, nthawi yosungulumwa komanso kusungulumwa imadzazidwa ndi chipwirikiti mnyumba.
Amabadwa osaka, okonda kukumba pansi. Mbali yabwino yazikhalidwe izi ndikuti ma dachshund amatha kusewera kwa maola ambiri ndi eni ake, ndipo yonse ndi galu wokangalika komanso wakhama. Zoipa - amayamikira zoseweretsa zawo ndipo kuyesa kuwachotsa kumatha kubweretsa chiwawa kwa ana kapena nyama zina.
Chizolowezi chokumba chimatanthauza kuti bwalo lidzakumbidwa, ngati kulibe bwalo, ndiye kuti miphika yamaluwa idzagwa. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi ndani winanso amene angakumbe pansi pa mpanda mwachangu kwambiri kuti apite kukafunafuna zosangalatsa?
Vuto lalikulu ndikuti nyama zazing'ono sizongokhala nyama ya dachshund. Mbalame, hamsters, ferrets ndi nkhumba za chiwonongeko zatsala pang'ono kusiyidwa ndi iye.
Iyi si galu yomwe ingalole kuti ipweteke chifukwa chakuchepa kwake. Ngakhale mdani akhale wamkulu bwanji, amenya nkhondo. Ndi galu kakang'ono koma konyada komwe kamayankha bwino ndikulimbikitsidwa. Amakana kuphunzitsidwa mwankhanza, ngakhale kubangula ndikuyesera kuluma.
Iyi si galu yabwino kwambiri yosungidwa m'mabanja okhala ndi ana ang'onoang'ono. Timafunikira mayanjano ndi kuphunzitsa ana kuti amvetsetse galu ndi kuchita nawo mosamala. Sakonda kukuwa kwamphamvu akamanyozedwa ndikuluma komweko mosazengereza.
Izi sizitanthauza kuti sakonda ana, m'malo mwake, ambiri ndi anzawo. Koma monga lamulo, awa ndi ana okulirapo omwe amamvetsetsa ndikulemekeza galu wawo.
Mu 2008, University of Pennsylvania idasanthula agalu ang'onoang'ono 6,000, ndi cholinga "chodziwitsa chibadwa chomwe chimapangitsa kuti azikhala achiwawa." Ma Dachshunds adalemba pamndandanda, pafupifupi 20% ikuluma alendo kapena kuwukira agalu ena ndi eni ake. Zowona, kuukira kwa agalu oterewa kumabweretsa kuvulala koopsa, koma izi sizinaphatikizidwenso mu lipotilo.
M'buku lake lotchedwa The Intelligence of Dogs, a Stanley Coren, pulofesa wama psychology ku University of British Columbia ku Vancouver, amawasankha ngati agalu wamba anzeru komanso omvera. Ali pa nambala 49 pamndandanda.
- Ma dachshunds atsitsi lalitali ndi odulidwa kwambiri, odekha kwambiri komanso odekha kuposa onse. Mwina chifukwa chakupezeka kwa spaniel m'makolo.
- Tsitsi lalifupi ndi omwe amakonda kwambiri onse, amavutika kwambiri chifukwa chakupatukana komanso kusakhulupirira alendo.
- Ma dachshunds okhala ndi waya ndi olimba mtima komanso olimba mtima kwambiri, oluluzika komanso okonda kuchita khosi. Ichi ndiye choyenera cha makolo achitetezo.
Chisamaliro
Kuti tsitsi losalala likhale locheperako, tsitsi lalitali komanso tsitsi lopanda waya zimafunikira zina zowonjezera. Komabe, chisamaliro sichovuta.
Makamaka ayenera kulipidwa kumbuyo kwa msana, popeza ma dachshunds amakonda kukhala nawo mavuto. Mwachitsanzo, simungawalole kuti adumphe kuchokera pamwamba ndikunyamula ana agalu pamutu.
Zaumoyo
Ma dachshunds amakhala ndi matenda amisempha, makamaka zolakwika zama discs a intervertebral chifukwa cha msana wautali komanso chifuwa chachifupi.
Chiwopsezo chikuwonjezeka chifukwa cha kunenepa kwambiri, kudumpha, kulimbitsa thupi, kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Pafupifupi 20-25% ali ndi vuto la disc.
Amakhalanso ndi matenda osambira kapena kufooka kwa mafupa, pomwe nsapato za agalu zimasunthika ndipo amakakamizidwa kukwawa pamimba pake. Matendawa amapezeka m'mitundu yambiri, koma imakonda kupezeka m'ma dachshunds.
Chifukwa chake ndikusowa kwa mchere komanso kuwala kwa dzuwa. Mulimonsemo, ngati galu wanu akudwala, onetsetsani kuti mwawona owona zanyama!
