Dogue de Bordeaux kapena French Mastiff (kalembedwe kakale: Bordeaux Mastiff, French Mastiff, French Dogue de Bordeaux) ndi amodzi mwamitundu yakale kwambiri ya agalu.
Ndi ya gulu la Molossian ndipo ili ndi mawonekedwe ake: brachycephalic snout, thupi lamphamvu ndi mphamvu. M'mbiri yake yonse, a Dogue de Bordeaux anali agalu onyamula katundu komanso agalu oponyera miyala, oteteza katundu ndi ziweto.
Zolemba
- Malembo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri pamtunduwu - Dogue de Bordeaux (wokhala ndi zilembo ziwiri c) atha ntchito.
- Ichi ndi mtundu wakale womwe wakhala ku France kwazaka zambiri.
- Dogue de Bordeaux akhoza kukhala amtundu umodzi wokha - wofiira, koma mithunzi yosiyana.
- Agaluwa sakulimbikitsidwa kuti azikhala m'mabanja omwe ali ndi ana ochepera zaka 6.
- Ngakhale ali ndi kukula komanso kupuma movutikira, ali ndi mphamvu ndipo amafunika kukhala achangu.
- Maphunziro a Dogue de Bordeaux sichinthu chophweka ndipo ndi bwino kutembenukira kwa akatswiri.
- Mliri wamtunduwu ndi matenda komanso moyo waufupi.
Mbiri ya mtunduwo
Dogue de Bordeaux adadziwika ku France kuyambira zaka za m'ma 1400, makamaka kumwera kwake, dera la Bordeaux. Mitunduyi idatchedwa dzina lake chifukwa cha dera ndi mzinda womwe umapezeka nthawi zambiri. Ngakhale kutchuka kwake, kunalibe mtundu umodzi wokha mpaka 1920.
Achifalansa amayesera kusunga zapadera ndi mizu ya mtunduwo, mwachitsanzo, chigoba chakuda pamaso chimatengedwa ngati chizindikiro cha mastiffs aku England.
Chidwi chidaperekedwa kwa: mphuno zapinki, utoto wowoneka bwino ndi chigoba chofiira. Ma Bordeaux mastiffs adasiyanitsidwa ndi mitu yawo yayikulu. Panthawi ina, adagawika m'mitundu iwiri: Dogue ndi Doguins.
Kusiyanako kunali kukula, Agalu anali okulirapo, koma popita nthawi kusiyananso kwachiwiri kunazimiririka ndipo tsopano kumangopezeka m'mabuku azakale.
Chiyambi cha mtunduwu ndichachisokonezo, makolo amatcha ng'ombe zamphongo, ma bulldogs komanso ma mastiff a ku Tibetan. Mwinanso, iwo, monga agalu ena ochokera mgululi, adachokera kwa agalu omenyera nkhondo aku Roma wakale.
Nthawi ina, Aroma adamenya mafuko ambiri omwe amakhala mdera la France wamakono, ndipo agalu oopsa komanso olimba adawathandiza pa izi. M'mayiko ambiri, agaluwa adasakanizidwa ndi mitundu yakomweko ndipo agalu atsopano amapezedwa omwe amasunga machitidwe a makolo awo.
Popita nthawi, ma mastiffs aku France adayamba kusiyanitsidwa ndi malo oberekera: Parisian, Toulouse ndi Bordeaux. Amatha kusiyanasiyana kwambiri, panali agalu amtundu umodzi ndi mawanga, oluma lumo ndi kuluma pansi, mitu yayikulu ndi yaying'ono, yamitundu yosiyana.
Mu 1863, chiwonetsero choyamba cha agalu chidachitikira ku Botanical Gardens ku Paris, wopambana anali hule wotchedwa Magenta.
Pambuyo pake, mtundu umodzi udapatsidwa kwa mtunduwo - Dogue de Bordeaux. Komabe, agalu ambiri amitundu yosiyanasiyana sanalole kulemba mtundu wa mtundu.
Mpaka mu 1896 pomwe a Pierre Mengin ndi gulu la obereketsa adasindikiza Le Dogue de Bordeaux, muyeso womwe udatolera zikhalidwe zonse zabwino zaku French mastiffs kuyambira zaka 20 zophunzira.
Pambuyo pazokangana zambiri, zidagamulidwa kuti maski akuda anali osafunikira, chifukwa akuwonetsa kuwoloka ndi ma mastiff a Chingerezi, koma agalu ambiri anali nawo. Oletsedwa kudula makutu ndi mitundu yonse kupatula red monochromatic (fawn).
Nkhondo ziwiri zapadziko lonse lapansi zinagunda kwambiri mtunduwu. Agaluwa anali aakulu kwambiri kuti angadye nthawi ya nkhondo. Ambiri a Dogue de Bordeaux adalimbikitsidwa kapena kuphedwa. Mwamwayi, Aquitaine adadutsa pankhondo zazikulu ndipo mtunduwo udatha kukhala ndi moyo. Ngakhale kuchuluka kwawo kudatsika, kuwombako sikunali koopsa monga mitundu ina yaku Europe.
Komabe, sizinali zotchuka ndipo gulu la okonda masewera, lotsogozedwa ndi Dr. Raymond Triquet, lidayamba kugwira ntchito yobwezeretsa mtunduwo. Mu 1970, Dr. Triquet adalemba mtundu watsopano wofanana ndi agalu amakono. Pambuyo pake idathandizidwanso (mu 1995).
Chifukwa cha kuyesetsa kwake ndi mazana oweta ena, a Dogue de Bordeaux sanangokwaniritsa kupulumuka, komanso adadziwika ku Europe konse.
M'zaka za zana la 20, Dogo de Bordeaux adagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga, kukonza kapena kukhazikitsa mitundu ina. Achijapani adawaitanitsa ndi mitundu ina yaku Europe kuti awoloke ndi Tosa Inu, aku Argentina kuti apange nyumba yaku Argentina, komanso aku Britain kuti apulumutse a Mastiffs achingerezi.
Pazaka 40 zapitazi, ma Mastiffs aku France achoka panjira yodziwika kwambiri. Kutchuka kunalimbikitsidwa ndi kanema "Turner ndi Hooch", momwe maudindo akuluakulu adasewera ndi Tom Hanks ndi galu wotchedwa Beasley, mtundu wa Dogue de Bordeaux.
Tsopano akutenga nawo gawo kwambiri pachiwonetsero, ngakhale kulinso agalu olondera.
Kufotokozera za mtunduwo
Dogue de Bordeaux ndi ofanana ndi ma mastiffs ena, makamaka ma bullmastiff, omwe nthawi zambiri amasokonezeka. Miyezo imasiyanasiyana m'mabungwe osiyanasiyana, koma pafupipafupi amafota 60-69 cm (amuna) ndi 58-66 cm (akazi). Ziphuphu zimalemera pafupifupi 45 kg, amuna mpaka 50, koma amatha kukhala ochulukirapo, nthawi zina kwambiri.
Ndi agalu olimba, omwe m'lifupi mwa chifuwa ndi theka kutalika kwawo. Ali ndi mafupa ndi miyendo yakuda, nthiti yakuya, ndi khosi lamphamvu. Wonenepa, safunikira kukhala onenepa, koma othamanga komanso olimba. Mchira ndi wautali, wokutira m'munsi ndikumagwirira kumapeto, wakwezedwa galu akugwira ntchito.
Mutuwo umakonda onse a molossians - akulu, okhala ndi mphutsi ya brachycephalic. Pogwirizana ndi thupi, Dogue de Bordeaux ili ndi umodzi mwamitu yayikulu kwambiri pakati pa agalu onse. Nthawi zambiri kuzungulira kwa mutu kumakhala kofanana ndi kutalika kwa galu palokha, ngakhale pang'ono pang'ono kumakhala kocheperako.
Ndizozungulira pang'ono komanso yotakata kwambiri, pafupifupi ozungulira. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, mphutsi ndi yaifupi, undershot imadziwika bwino, pomwe ma incisors a nsagwada wapansi amapita patsogolo kupitirira mzere wakumwambako.
Chosemphacho chimathera m'mphuno zofananira ndi chigoba chomwe chili pamphuno. Pakamwa pake pamakwinya kwambiri, koma sizimasokoneza mawonekedwe a galu kapena kumusokoneza.
Maso ndi otalikirana, oval. Makutu ndi ang'ono, ozungulira, opachikidwa m'masaya mwawo. Maganizo onse a galu ndiwofunika komanso mphamvu.
Chovala cha Dogue de Bordeaux ndi chachifupi, cholimba komanso chofewa. Mtundu umodzi wokha wa fawn umaloledwa (monochromatic, kulola mithunzi yonse yofiira kuchokera kuwunika mpaka mdima).
Mawanga oyera pachifuwa ndi m'manja amavomerezedwa. Sipangakhale chophimba kumaso, koma ngati kuli kokha kwakuda kapena kofiira (mabokosi).
Khalidwe
Dogue de Bordeaux ndi ofanana ndi agalu ena olondera, koma othamanga komanso olimba. Oimira amtunduwu amadziwika chifukwa chakhazikika komanso bata, zimafunikira kuyesetsa kwambiri kuti awasangalatse. Amakonda anthu ndipo amapanga ubale wapamtima ndi mwini wake, ndipo amakonda kunyambita manja awo.
Izi ndizovuta pang'ono, chifukwa galu wa 50 kg akaganiza kuti akuyenera kukunyambita, ndiye kuti ndizosatheka kusiya wouma. Mbali yaziphatikizi ndimakonda kukhumudwa komanso kusungulumwa ngati galuyo wasiyidwa yekha kwanthawi yayitali.
Kuyanjana kolondola ndikofunikira, ngati zikuyenda bwino, ndiye kuti a Dogue de Bordeaux ndi aulemu komanso ololera alendo. Popanda izi, chibadwa chawo chodzitchinjiriza chidzawapangitsa kukhala achiwawa komanso okayikira. Ngakhale agalu omwe adaphunzitsidwa samayandikira alendo msanga kwambiri.
Koma posakhalitsa amayamba kuzolowera ndikupanga anzawo. Ndi agalu olondera abwino komanso agalu alonda abwino. Saloleza aliyense kulowa mdera lawo osapempha, ndipo ngati angafune kudziteteza, adzaimirira mpaka kumapeto. Komabe, sizowopsa kwenikweni ndipo nthumwi iliyonse yamtunduwu imayamba kuwopsyeza, kenako imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu.
Ngakhale sawonedwa ngati galu wabanja, amakhala odekha mtima kwa ana opitilira zaka 6. Simuyenera kukhala achichepere, popeza a Dogue de Bordeaux ali ndi chidwi chosaka komanso kuteteza, amatha kulira ndi kuthamanga kwa ana ang'ono kuti awopsa. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi zazikulu ndipo zimatha kukankha mwanayo mosazindikira, ndikungodutsa.
Pazifukwa izi, oweta ambiri samalimbikitsa kukhala ndi mwana wagalu wa Dogue de Bordeaux mpaka ana atakhala kusukulu. Ndipo nthawi zonse muziyang'anitsitsa ubale wapakati pa ana ndi galu.
Koma amachita nkhanza ku nyama zina. Makamaka olamulira amuna, kuphatikiza madera. Monga tanenera, siowopsa kwenikweni, koma samabwereranso. Pamene akukula, amazindikira agalu ena modekha, koma akamakula, nkhanza zimakulanso.
Eni ake akuyenera kuyang'anira galu nthawi zonse, kuti asachichotse, chifukwa amatha kuvulaza otsutsana nawo.
Nyama zina, kuphatikizapo amphaka, nawonso anali ndi mwayi. Dogo de Bordeaux akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwazaka zambiri posaka ndi kumenya nkhondo m'maenje omenyera. Ngati sakuzolowera nyamayo, amukantha, zilibe kanthu kuti ndi mbewa kapena nkhandwe.
Lolani kupita ndi leash ndikutenga mphaka woyandikana naye ngati mphatso, m'malo osokonekera pang'ono. Kumbukirani, amakhala mwakachetechete m'nyumba imodzi ndi amphaka omwe amawadziwa ndipo amang'amba alendo mpaka pang'ono.
Amakhalanso ndi zovuta pakuphunzitsidwa, ali ouma khosi komanso ofuna. Kuti mukweze Dogue de Bordeaux ndibwino kuti mupite kukagwira ntchito za akatswiri, chifukwa izi zimafunikira luso komanso luso.
Iwo ali paokha ndipo amachita zomwe akuwona kuti ndizoyenera, kuwonjezera apo, amayang'anitsitsa ulamuliro wa munthuyo. A Dogue de Bordeaux sadzamvera amene amamuwona ngati ali ndiudindo ndipo mwini wake amafunika kuti azikhala mtsogoleri wazoyang'anira nthawi zonse.
Kwa iwo omwe amadziwa ma mastiffs ena, mphamvu ndi magwiridwe antchito aku France zikhala zodabwitsa. Ngakhale amakhala odekha, nthawi zina amatha kuthamanga komanso kuthamanga. Sali aulesi, amafunikira ola limodzi lochita tsiku lililonse, kuyenda kwakutali komanso kwamphamvu kuli bwino. Koma, amathamangira msanga ndipo sali oyenera kuthamanga.
Agaluwa amafunika bwalo lawo, sakuyenera kukhala m'nyumba. Ngati palibe mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu, ndiye kuti agalu amakhala owononga, makungwa, amaluma mipando.
Popeza kukula kwawo ndi mphamvu zawo, zotsatira za chiwonongeko zitha kukhala zodula kwa mwiniwake. Ngati ayamba kutafuna pa sofa, ndiye kuti nkhaniyi siingokhala pamiyendo imodzi. Konzekerani kuti mulibe sofa, komanso mulibe khomo.
Mbali inayi, ngati galuyo wapeza kutulutsa mphamvu, ndiye kuti ndi wodekha komanso womasuka. Amatha kukhala achidwi kwa mabanja omwe safunika kokha mlonda, komanso bwenzi loyenda.
Eni ake omwe akuyenera kukhala nawo ayenera kudziwa kuti galu ameneyu si wamphulupulu komanso anthu oyera. Amakonda kuthamanga ndikudumphira m'matope, kenako ndikubweretsa kunyumba pamiyendo yawo yayikulu. Amathamanga akudya ndi kumwa. Amayamwa kwambiri, omwe amapezeka m'nyumba monse.
Ndipo thunzi lawo lalifupi limatha kupanga mawu achilendo. Koma koposa zonse, kudzikweza kumakwiyitsa. Ndipo popatsidwa kukula kwa galu, ma volleys ndiamphamvu kwambiri kotero kuti pambuyo pawo muyenera kutulutsa chipinda.
Chisamaliro
Tsitsi lalifupi limafunikira kudzikongoletsa pang'ono, osadzikongoletsa mwaluso, kungotsuka. Ngakhale amatulutsa molt pang'ono, kukula kwakukulu kwa galu kumapangitsa kuti molt awoneke.
Kusamalira tsitsi pakokha ndikochepa, koma kofunikira kwambiri pakhungu ndi makwinya. Eni ake amafunika kutsuka nthawi zonse makwinya amdothi, madzi ndi zinyalala, yang'anani ukhondo wamakutu. Komanso, izi ziyenera kuchitidwa kamodzi patsiku, komanso bwino mukamadyetsa.
Kupanda kutero, matenda ndi kupatsirana kumatha kukula. Muyenera kuzolitsa galu pamachitidwe onse akadali mwana wagalu, ndipo osati pamaso panu pali galu wamakilogalamu 50 amene sakonda kusamba.
Zaumoyo
Tsoka ilo, a Dogue de Bordeaux siotchuka chifukwa chathanzi lawo. Nthawi yokhala ndi mitundu yayikulu yakhala yayifupi kale, ndipo kwa iwo, ndi yochepa kwambiri.
Malinga ndi kalabu yaku America "Dogue De Bordeaux Society of America", amakhala ndi moyo zaka 5-6. Zambiri zochokera ku veterinarians aku UK zimayimba manambala ofanana, chiwindi cholembetsa chokhala ndi moyo chakhala zaka 12, ndipo agalu omwe amakhala zaka zoposa 7 ndizosowa.
Malinga ndi kafukufuku, chifukwa cha imfa mu 30% ya milandu ndi khansa, mu 20% ya matenda amtima komanso 15% ya volvulus. Kuphatikiza pa kuti amakhala pang'ono, amavutikanso kumapeto kwa moyo wawo ndi mavuto am'mafupa ndi mafupa.
Zotupa za khansa ndizosiyanasiyana, koma lymphoma imafala kwambiri, yomwe imakhudza chitetezo chamthupi. Kuphatikiza apo, ku Dogue de Bordeaux, khansa imapezeka kale ili ndi zaka 5. Chithandizo ndi mwayi wopulumuka zimadalira mtundu wa khansa, koma njira iliyonse ndiyokwera mtengo komanso yovuta.
Kapangidwe ka brachycephalic pamutu kumabweretsa mavuto kupuma, ndizovuta kuti atenge mapapu athunthu a oxygen. Zotsatira zake, amapindika, kufufuma, kugundana, komanso kudwala matenda opuma.
Pakuthamanga, amathamangira msanga ndipo samatha kupereka liwiro lalitali kwanthawi yayitali. Kuphatikiza apo, mothandizidwa ndi kupuma, thupi la galu limakhazikika ndipo chifukwa cha kutentha amatha kufa chifukwa chotentha kwambiri.
Ndipo tsitsi lalifupi siliwateteza ku chisanu, chifukwa chake ndi bwino kuwasunga mnyumbamo, osati mumisasa kapena mlengalenga.
