Asodzi ambiri amadziwa buku la wasayansi waku Russia-zoologist komanso wachilengedwe LP Sabaneev "Nsomba zaku Russia". Kwa okonda kuwedza kwenikweni, ndi zilembo za patebulo. Mwa zitsanzo zambiri zomwe zafotokozedwa pantchito yodabwitsayi, pali nsomba imodzi, yomwe ili pafupifupi chiwonetsero cha mayina.
Amapezeka m'malo osiyanasiyana mdziko lathu, ndipo amatchedwa mosiyanasiyana kulikonse. Bleak, blak, sillyavka, whitefish, dergunets, selyava - awa ndi gawo lochepa chabe lamaina omwe amapatsidwa kwa wokhala mumtsinje.
Zosangalatsa! Alibe mwayi wapadera wosodza, koma asodzi amateurs amamulemekeza. Kuchokera kwa iye, ambiri adayamba kukhala ndi chidwi chowedza, chomwe sichitha.
Ndi nsomba zamtundu wanji komanso momwe mungazigwirire - tikukuwuzani mwatsatanetsatane.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe
Bleak ndi nsomba yaying'ono yamadzi amchere ya banja la carp. Mitundu yodziwika kwambiri ndi 12-15 masentimita kukula, ngakhale m'malo omwe muli chakudya chochuluka, imafika 20-25 cm. Kulemera kwa nsombazo sikunadziwikenso - muyezo wake ndi 60-80 g, osayandikira 100 g.
Ali ndi zomwe zimatchedwa nyanja mtundu: ili ndi mdima wakuda wobiriwira wobiriwira, nthawi zina umapereka mtundu wabuluu, ndi mimba ya silvery. Zipsepsezo zimakhalanso ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mitsempha yam'mbali ndi yam'mbali imakutidwa ndi mtundu wamakala, pomwe enawo amakhala ofiira pang'ono kapena achikaso pang'ono.
Masikelo samagwira mwamphamvu, komanso, ndi omata kwambiri - atakhudza, amatha kukhala m'manja kapena pazinthu. Mwachiwonekere, izi zidapereka dzinali kwa hostess. Kamodzi ku China, masikelo adagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ngale zamtengo wapatali.
Adaviika m'madzi, adang'amba chipolopolo cha silvery, adachipula, ndikuwonjezera guluu pang'ono - ndikupeza chinthu chomaliza chomaliza chopanga ngale, chotchedwa Eastern Essence. Iye anali wotchuka kwambiri ku France.
Nsombayi ili ndi pakamwa potambalala ndi nsagwada yakumunsi. Chifukwa cha ichi, amatenga tizilombo modekha pamadzi. Thupi limalumikizidwa, laling'ono, limawonekera poyera m'madzi. Koma mbali yofunika kwambiri ya mdima ndi kukoma kwake. Nyama yake ndi yofewa, yonenepa, pafupifupi sinunkhiza ngati nsomba. Amapanga khutu labwino kwambiri kapena kudzaza chitumbuwa.
Kumapezeka kopanda chiyembekezo
Uklea ndi woimira wamba wa nsomba zazing'ono za carp mdera la Europe ku Russia. Amapezeka m'mitsinje yam'nyanja 5: atatu akumwera - Black, Azov, Caspian, ndi 2 kumpoto - Baltic ndi White. Sali wopanda phindu, amatha kukhala m'mitsinje yayikulu komanso yaying'ono, komanso m'madzi, m'mayiwe okhala ndi madzi oyera oyera komanso pansi pamchenga. Itha kupezeka mumtsinje kapena mosungira.
Chikhalidwe chachikulu ndikuti madzi ayenera kukhala oyera komanso osathamanga. Nsomba yosangalala komanso yosangalatsa imafuna kukhalapo kwa mpweya m'malo ake, imayenda mosatopa, siyibisala m'nkhalango zowirira, koma imayesetsa kupita pamalo opanda phokoso opanda mafunde othamanga.
Kwenikweni amasankha magawo apamwamba a dziwe, kuyesera kuti asatuluke m'malo otseguka. Zimachitika kuti imawonekera m'madzi amchere am'mbali mwa mitsinje, koma imadziwika bwino - imakhala pansi pamapiri. Akuzungulira moyandikana. Pofika nthawi yozizira, amangopeza malo ozama, samayenda nthawi yayitali.
Kukula msinkhu kumachitika zaka zitatu. Pakadali pano, kutalika kwake kumakhala pafupifupi masentimita 8. Amamera masana, "m'magawo" munjira zingapo. Nthawi yopuma ndi kuyamba kwa chilimwe, kuyambira Juni mpaka Julayi, pomwe madzi amakhala ofunda kale, osachepera madigiri 16.
Bleak amakonda matupi amadzi oyera okhala ndi mchenga pansi
5 nyambo zabwino zophera zopanda pake
Nsomba zimagwira kwambiri pakakhala kuwala. Amasewera, kusota, kusaka. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, nthawi zambiri amadumpha kuchokera m'thamanda kumbuyo kwa tizilombo tomwe timauluka. Amadyetsa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, mphutsi, mazira a nsomba - zonse zomwe zimapanga zooplankton. Izi zimachitika kuti amadya caviar yawo. Koma samaphonya mwayi wodya ndere. Kutengera zomwe amakonda, zosankha zingapo zimasankhidwa. Odziwika kwambiri ndi awa:
- Mphutsi - nyongolotsi ya ntchentche ya nyama. Nyongolotsi zazing'ono zoyera, zopatsa thanzi kwambiri kwa nsomba. Amapezeka m'masitolo ogulitsa nsomba.
- Mphungu - mphutsi zofiira za udzudzu wosambira. Zowoneka bwino m'madzi oyera. Kugulitsidwa m'masitolo.
- Ntchentche ya Burdock... Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timakhala ngati mbiya timakhala m'mapesi a burdock.
- Mormysh... Madzi amchere am'madzi am'madzi. Zimachitika m'sitolo.
- Nyambo wabwino - nthunzi yotentha, kapena mkate wosenda ndi mafuta onunkhira. M'masitolo ogulitsa nsomba, mtanda wokonzeka umagulitsidwa ndi mitundu yambiri. Ngakhale mutha kusakanikiranso nokha.
Nthawi zambiri nyambo imasankhidwa mwanjira iliyonse, msodzi aliyense amasamalira njira yake kwazaka. Kutchera nyambo kuti ugwire zopanda chiyembekezo chimodzimodzi ndi zinyama - zinyenyeswazi za mkate, keke, buledi wosweka kapena mchenga wamtsinje basi. Chinthu chachikulu ndikuponya nyambo pamalo omwewo, apo ayi nsomba zibalalika pamwamba pa dziwe. M'nyengo yozizira - m'dzinja kapena m'nyengo yozizira - amadyetsedwa ndi ma virus a magazi.
Zinyambo zofala kwambiri zimagwira ntchito yosodza kopanda tanthauzo
Nthawi yanji pachaka, chiyani komanso momwe mungapezere zopanda pake
Kugwira mdima chochititsa chidwi kwambiri kuyambira Epulo mpaka Okutobala, nthawi iyenera kusankhidwa isanakwane 9 koloko komanso pambuyo pa 5 koloko madzulo, kusanade. Nsombazi zimayandikira kumtunda, ndikosavuta kuziwona m'mizere yopatuka. Zowona, imatha kupita mwadzidzidzi mpaka kuzama, kenako imapezeka pakati pamadzi kapena pansi.
Kugwira mdima masika ikuchitika mothandizidwa ndi ndodo yoyandama ndi ndodo yopota (ngati mukufuna kuponyera nyambo kumalo omwe mukufuna, kenako ikokereni mothandizidwa ndi reel). Zingwe zamakono zopota amasankhidwa molingana ndi mayeso, omwe amadziwika pa ndodo.
Ndodo zopota Ultralight (nyambo yolemera mpaka 7 g) ndi ndodo zopota mopepuka (mpaka 15 g) ndizodziwika kwambiri popha nsomba zopanda pake. Mutha kugula ndodo ziwiri zopota zamayesero osiyanasiyana. Ndikofunikanso kudziwa momwe ndodo yopota ikuyendera. Izi ndizoyankha kwakanthawi kwa magiya pakusintha katundu. Amachitika yachangu, yapakatikati komanso yochedwa.
Opanga amatcha izi (taper) ndikuwonetsera motere: Fast (Superfast), Moderat, Wosachedwa. Chilimwe kuthana ndi zovuta Kuwala, akuyang'ana nsomba mozama mpaka theka la mita, kuponyera nyambo popanda kuwaza. Uklea ndi wamanyazi kwambiri.
Kusodza m'bwato kumakhala kothandiza kwambiri m'dzinja. M'nyengo yozizira yozizira, amasodza ndi ndodo zachisanu. Uklea umasonkhana m'dera laling'ono, ndikudzaza maenje m'magulu osazama. Zimachitika kuti nyengo yonse yachisanu sichimasintha malo ake. Ndiosavuta kwa oyamba kumene ndodo yosodza posachedwa popanda chokulungira - "filly" kapena dontho - "balalaika", ndipo asodzi odziwa zambiri amawonjezera ndodo yosodza ndi chokulungira ndi chogwirira zida.
Zomwe zimachitika posachedwa pa ndodo yoyandama
Kupha nsomba kumachitika chifukwa cha masewera, kapena ngati nyambo za nsomba zazikuluzikulu. Tackle yotchuka kwambiri - ndodo yoyandama - ndiyabwino chifukwa ndiyopepuka, yosunthika, mothandizidwa nayo njirayi ndiyosangalatsa komanso yosangalatsa. Koma chinthu chofunikira ndikusankha koyenera kwa zida.
Angler odziwa amatcha ndodo yotere zoyipa. Bleak ndodo yosodza sankhani zolimba komanso zopepuka, 3-4 m, ndi nsonga yosunthika. Kutalika kumakhala koyenera kwambiri kuti dzanja lisatope ndikungoyimilira. Bleak kuyandama sankhani ndi mphamvu zochepa, kunyamula chozimira chofanana nacho.
Iyenera kukhala yokhazikika, yolunjika, mosatengera mphepo kapena madzi apano. Dontho ndi chulu zimayandama ndi nsonga yayitali ndikulimbikitsidwa. Chombocho chimaphatikizapo mzere wokhala ndi mulifupi mwake mpaka 0,12 mm, ndowe - No. 2.5, chozama chotsikira cholemera mpaka 0.02 g. Nthawi zina chimagwiritsidwa ntchito yolukitsa mlongoti, kulumikiza mzere kudzera pama absorber absorber.
Pachithunzicho pali zoyandama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popeza zopanda pake
Anglers odziwa ntchito amagwiritsa ntchito ndowe zazitali zazitali ndi kansalu kakang'ono, kopangidwa ndi waya wapamwamba. Langizo: Konzani zida zingapo zosodza mosiyanasiyana, mudzapulumutsa nthawi mukasodza.
Amaponya ndodo yakumbuyo kumbuyo, nthawi yomweyo amakopa nsomba. Anthu ena amagwira ofiira ndi manja awiri - amadyetsa imodzi, ndi ndowe inayo. Kuyandama kumakhala kopanda tanthauzo - phunziroli silotopetsa. Mulimonsemo, nthawi imadutsa chidwi mumlengalenga, kupatula apo, nsomba zomwe zagwidwa ndizokoma kwambiri.
