Saluki (Persian greyhound, English Saluki) ndi imodzi mwazigalu zakale kwambiri za agalu, ngati si yakale kwambiri. Makolo ake amakhala ku Middle East kuyambira masiku akale a Egypt ndi Mesopotamia. Wolemekezedwa kwambiri kwawo, Saluki amawerengedwa kuti ndi nyama yoyera m'Chisilamu, pomwe agalu ena ndiodetsedwa.
Zolemba
- Amakonda kuthamanga ndipo amafunikira zochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku.
- Koma muyenera kuwayenda pa leash, pokhapokha mutatsimikiza kuti malowa ndi otetezeka. A Saluki ali ndi chibadwa champhamvu chotsatira nyama.
- Amakonda mabanja awo, koma sakhulupirira alendo. Kuyanjana koyambirira ndikofunikira kuti tithetse mantha komanso manyazi.
- Ndikofunikira kupereka bedi labwino, popeza galu alibe mafuta okwanira mthupi.
- Kwa ana okalamba, amatha kukhala anzawo komanso anzawo, koma sioyenera kwa ana ang'onoang'ono.
- Sapereka mawu kawirikawiri.
- Pophunzitsa Saluki, munthu ayenera kukhala wokhazikika, wolimbikira komanso kugwiritsa ntchito njira zabwino zokha.
- Simungasunge m'nyumba zokhala ndi ziweto zazing'ono. Posakhalitsa mapeto adzafika.
- Atha kusankha zakudya.
Mbiri ya mtunduwo
Saluki amadziwika kuti ndi mtundu wakale kwambiri, mwina umodzi mwa mitundu yoyamba. Zochepa sizikudziwika za mawonekedwe ake, popeza zidachitika zaka masauzande angapo zapitazo. Agalu oyamba anali oweta kwinakwake ku Middle East ndi India.
Amasiyana pang'ono ndi abale awo - mimbulu, kupatula kuti anali ochezeka kwambiri kwa anthu.
Adatsata mafuko osaka-kwasonkhanitsa kwazaka zambiri. Pamene mafuko ankayendayenda, moyo wawo unasinthanso.
Agalu owetedwa anayamba kusiyana kwambiri ndi mimbulu. Agalu amenewo anali ofanana ndi ma dingos amakono, agalu aku New Guinea akuimba, ndi ma morrel aku Middle East.
Izi zitha kuwonedwa pazithunzi zomwe tidasiyidwa ndi anthu aku Egypt wakale ndi Mesopotamia.
Pamene midzi idasandulika mizinda, olamulira adayamba kuwonekera. Kalasiyi inali yokhoza kugula zosangalatsa, imodzi mwa izo inali kusaka.
Ambiri mwa Aigupto ndi malo otseguka: zipululu ndi zitunda, pomwe agwape, agwape, akalulu ndi mbalame zimadya.
Agalu osaka a m'derali amayenera kukhala ndi liwiro kuti apeze nyama ndi maso abwino kuti aziwone patali. Ndipo Aigupto adayamika agalu awa, amapeza ambiri akuumitsidwa, amayenera kukhala anzawo pambuyo pa moyo.
Zithunzi za agalu a ku Aigupto wakale zimatikumbutsa za agalu amakono a pharao ndi Podenko ibitsenko, ndiye amatchedwa "tees". Koma, popita nthawi, zithunzi za ulusi zimayamba kusintha zithunzi za galu, zomwe zimawoneka mosiyana.
Amatha kuwona agalu akukumbutsa za saluki wamakono, omwe amasaka momwemo. Zithunzi zoyamba za agaluwa zimapezeka pakati pa zaka za 6 ndi 7 BC.
Zithunzi zomwezo zitha kupezeka m'maiko aku Sumeri a nthawi imeneyo. Akatswiri amati kumene a Saluki adachokera - kuchokera ku Egypt kapena Mesopotamiya, koma yankho la funso ili silingapezeke.
Maderawa amachita malonda ndi mayiko ena ndipo amawakhudza kwambiri. Zilibe kanthu kuti, koma Saluki akufalikira mwachangu kumaiko ena mderali.
Sizingatheke kunena komwe adachokera, koma kuti iwo anali makolo a agalu amakono ndizowona. Kafukufuku waposachedwa wazindikira mitundu ya 14, mtundu wake womwe umasiyana pang'ono ndi mimbulu. Ndipo a Saluki ndi amodzi mwa iwo.
Amakhulupirira kuti a Saluki adachokera pamitu, koma izi sizongoganiza potengera kufanana kwa mitunduyo. Ngati makolo ake anali agalu ena, ndiye kuti palibe umboni wowonekera. Uwu mwina ndi mtundu wakale kwambiri womwe watsikira kwa ife pafupifupi osasintha.
Malo a Fertile Crescent ankachita malonda mwachangu ku Middle East ndipo a Saluki adathera ku Greece ndi China ndipo adatchuka ku Arabia Peninsula. A Saluki mwachionekere anali ofunikira mdziko lakale, ndipo akatswiri ena amaphunziro a m'Baibulo amakhulupirira kuti akhoza kutchulidwa m'Baibulo.
Kwa nthawi yayitali amakhulupirira kuti ndi iwo omwe adayambitsa mitundu yonse ya ma greyhound, kuyambira ku Greyhound mpaka ku hound yaku Russia. Koma, kafukufuku wamtunduwu wasonyeza kuti siwokhudzana ndipo mtundu uliwonse umapangidwa mosiyana. Ndipo kufanana kwawo kwakunja ndi zotsatira zofananira pakugwiritsa ntchito.
Komabe, a Saluki adatengapo gawo pakuwonekera kwa hound waku Afghanistan.
Mwa onse owukira ku Egypt, palibe amene adabweretsa kusintha kwachikhalidwe komanso kwachipembedzo monga Aluya ndi Asilamu. M'Chisilamu, galu amadziwika kuti ndi nyama yosayera, sangakhale mnyumba, ndipo nyama ya nyama yomwe agwidwa sadyedwa.
M'malo mwake, ambiri amakana ngakhale kukhudza galu. Komabe, chapadera chachitika kwa a Saluki. Samatengedwa ngati galu konse. Wotchedwa El Hor m'Chiarabu, amawerengedwa kuti ndi mphatso yochokera kwa Allah ndipo siyoletsedwa.
A Saluki oyamba adabwera ku Europe limodzi ndi zigawenga. Iwo adagwira agaluwo mu Dziko Loyera ndikubwera nawo kwawo ngati zikho. Mu 1514, galu wofanana ndi Saluki akuwonetsedwa pachithunzi cha Lukas Kranach Wamkulu.
Ojambula amakedzana adamujambula pazithunzi zosonyeza kubadwa kwa Khristu. Komabe, ku Europe panthawiyo sikunafalikire, mwina chifukwa choti nkhalango zinali zochuluka kumeneko. Nthawi yomweyo, amapita ku China, chifukwa amatha kuwonekera pachithunzi cha 1427 chosonyeza mfumu.
M'zaka za zana la 18, Ufumu wa Britain udalanda Egypt komanso madera ambiri a Arabia. Maofesi, oyang'anira ndi mabanja awo amafika m'derali.
Amayamba kusunga a Saluki ngati agalu osaka, ndipo akabwerera kwawo, amawatenga. Poyamba, a Saluki ndi a Slugi amatchedwa 'Slughis' mchingerezi, ngakhale samangowoloka kawirikawiri.
Komabe, mpaka 1895 anali osatchuka. Chaka chomwecho, a Florence Amherst adayamba kuwona agaluwa paulendo wa Nile ndipo adaganiza zokhala ndi awiriawiri.
Adawabweretsa kuchokera ku Egypt kupita ku England ndikupanga nazale. Kwa zaka khumi zotsatira adagwira ntchito molimbika kuti athandize mtunduwu ndikuwukulitsa.
Sikuti ndiwoweta woyamba kokha, komanso wopanga mtundu woyamba, wofalitsidwa mu 1907. Anatenga ngati mtundu wa mitundu ina yomwe amadziwika kale ndi English Kennel Club: Irish Wolfhound, Whippet ndi Scottish Deerhound. Kwa nthawi yayitali adangowona mtundu umodzi wokha wa Saluki, kotero muyezo udalembedwera.
Kutchuka koyamba kwa mtunduwu kumabwera mu 1920. Asitikali aku Britain apita ku Egypt kukathetsa kuukirako ndikubweretsanso agalu. Major General Frederick Lance anali m'modzi mwa anthu otere.
Iye ndi mkazi wake Gladys anali osaka mwakhama ndipo adabwerera kuchokera ku Middle East ndi ma Salukis awiri ochokera ku Syria, omwe amagwiritsa ntchito posaka.
Agaluwa anali ochokera kumizere yakumpoto omwe amakhala kumadera ozizira, akumapiri aku Iraq, Iran ndi Syria. Chifukwa chake, anali osiyana mawonekedwe, anali olimba, okhala ndi tsitsi lalitali.
Lance ndi Amher amafunsira ku Kennel Club kuti adziwe mtundu. Ndipo adadziwika mu 1922, pomwe manda a Tutankhomon adapezeka ndipo zonse zaku Egypt zidatchuka kwambiri. Mu 1923 kalabu ya Saluki kapena Gazelle Hound idakhazikitsidwa ndipo agalu adatumizidwa kuchokera kwawo.
Pofika m'ma 1930, mafashoni aku Egypt anali akumwalira, komanso chidwi ndi Saluki. Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse imamuwononga, ndipo agalu ochepa amakhalabe ku England. Nkhondo itatha, anthu amabwezeretsedwanso pogwiritsa ntchito agalu amenewa ndikuitanitsa kuchokera Kummawa. Komabe, sichikuwopsezedwa, chifukwa ndichotchuka kunyumba.
M'mayiko ambiri achisilamu, Saluki ndiye galu wochuluka kwambiri, koma Kumadzulo ndi ku Russia ndikosowa kwambiri.
Kufotokozera
Saluki ali ndi mawonekedwe okongola komanso otsogola, ndipo m'njira zambiri amafanana ndi imvi yokhala ndi malaya akuda. Iwo akhala ali opanda vuto kwa zaka masauzande ndipo mawonekedwe awo onse amalankhula zambiri. Wamtali, nthawi yomweyo amakhala ochepa thupi.
Pakufota amafika masentimita 58-71, tizirombo ting'onoting'ono. Kulemera kwawo ndi 18-27 kg. Ndi owonda kwambiri kotero kuti nthitizi zimawoneka pansi pa khungu. Nthawi zambiri anthu amaganiza kuti galu ali ndi vuto la kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi pomwe uku ndikuwoneka bwino.
Kuwonjezeraku kumapangitsa kuti a Saluki azithamanga, popeza mapaundi owonjezera amakhudza kwambiri kuthamanga, amatha kuthamanga pafupifupi 70 km / h.
Mtunduwo uli ndi mphuno yowonekera, yayitali kwambiri komanso yopapatiza. Maso ndi akulu, owulungika, ofiira kapena otuwa. Mawonekedwe amphuno ndi ofewa komanso okonda, malingaliro amawala m'maso. Makutu ndiatali kwambiri kuposa amtundu wina wamiyendo, atapendekeka.
Amakhala ndi tsitsi losalala komanso "nthenga". Mtundu wachiwiri ndiofala kwambiri kuposa tsitsi losalala, muzithunzi kuchokera pazowonetsa mutha kuziwona. Mitundu yonse iwiri imakhala ndi tsitsi lalitali m'makutu, koma mitundu yayitali-yayitali imakhala ndi chovala chotalikirapo, kuphatikiza pamenepo imakhala ndi nthenga kumchira ndi kumbuyo kwamiyendo.
Zitha kukhala zamtundu uliwonse kupatula ma brindle ndi albino. Zomwe zimafala kwambiri ndi izi: zoyera, imvi, zofiira, zofiira, zakuda ndi zotanuka, piebald.
Khalidwe
Mtundu wodziyimira pawokha womwe umakonda kutchedwa mphalapala. Amakonda eni ake, koma ngati mukufuna galu yemwe waphatikizidwa modabwitsa, ndiye kuti beagle kapena spaniel ndibwino. Saluki amakonda munthu m'modzi ndipo amangodziphatika kwa iye yekha.
Amakayikira alendo komanso agalu omwe sanakhale nawo nthawi zambiri amakhala nawo mantha. Komabe, sizowopsa ndipo sizoyenera kukhala ngati mlonda.
Amalolera ana, ngati sawazunza komanso sawapweteka, koma samawakonda kwenikweni. Ambiri a Saluki sakonda kusewera konse, kupatula mwina m'mbale.
Amakhala ovuta kwambiri kukhudza, koma ena nthawi zambiri amachita mantha. Sakonda phokoso ndi kufuula, ngati muli ndi zochititsa manyazi m'banja lanu, ndiye kuti zidzakhala zovuta kwa iwo.
A Saluki akhala akusaka m'matumba kwa zaka masauzande ambiri, ndipo amatha kulekerera agalu ena mosavuta, osawonetsa kuwopsa. Dominance sadziwikanso kwa iwo, ngakhale sakhala agalu osasunthika ndipo samavutika chifukwa cha agalu ena.
Uyu ndi mlenje pang'ono pang'ono kuposa kwathunthu. Saluki amayendetsa pafupifupi nyama iliyonse yaying'ono kuposa iyo, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale yayikulu. Pali mitundu yochepa chabe yomwe chibadwa chawo chosaka chinali cholimba.
Simuyenera kuzisunga pamodzi ndi nyama zazing'ono, ngakhale kuphunzira kumatha kuchepetsa chibadwa, koma osachigonjetsa.
Akawona gologolo, amuthamangira mofulumira. Ndipo amatha kutenga pafupifupi nyama iliyonse, kumuukira ndikupha.
Amatha kuphunzitsidwa amphaka, koma muyenera kuyamba mwachangu. Koma ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti ngati a Saluki anyamula mphaka woweta, ndiye kuti lamuloli silikugwira ntchito ndi mphaka wa woyandikana naye.
Sivuta kuwaphunzitsa, okonda ufulu komanso ouma khosi. Sakonda kuuzidwa choti achite, amatsogozedwa ndi zokhumba zawo. Muyenera kuwaphunzitsa kudzera mwachikondi komanso mosangalala, osagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kapena kufuula.
Kuphunzitsa Saluki kumatenga nthawi yayitali kuposa kuphunzitsa mtundu wina ndipo sioyenera kumvera.
Chifukwa chachizolowezi chothamangitsa nyama ndikusankha kumvera kwamalamulo, ndikofunikira kutulutsa kuchokera kumalo okhawo opanda malo. Ngakhale a Saluki ophunzitsidwa bwino nthawi zina amakonda kuthamangitsa nyama, kunyalanyaza malamulo.
Kuphatikiza apo, ali othamanga kuposa munthu wachangu kwambiri padziko lapansi ndipo sizigwira ntchito kuti iwapeze. Ngati amakhala pabwalo, ndiye kuti mpanda uyenera kukhala wapamwamba, chifukwa amalumpha mokongola.
Kunyumba, amakhala odekha komanso omasuka; samakonda kugona pabedi, koma pasofa. Koma kunja kwa nyumba, amafunikira zochitika ndi ufulu kuti athe kuthamanga ndikutulutsa nthunzi. Kuyenda tsiku lililonse ndikofunikira.
Nthawi zina amauwa, koma ambiri amakhala chete. Komabe, galu aliyense amang'ung'udza chifukwa cha kunyong'onyeka kapena kunyong'onyeka, ndikuti a Saluki sangatengeke nawo. Atha kukhala osasamala za chakudya ndipo eni ake amayenera kuchita zosocheretsa galu.
Chisamaliro
Kusavuta, kutsuka nthawi zonse ndikwanira. Awa ndi agalu oyera, pomwe palibe fungo lililonse. Amakhetsanso pang'ono, kuwapangitsa kukhala abwino kwa iwo omwe sakonda ubweya pansi.
Chisamaliro chiyenera kulipidwa m'makutu a saluki, chifukwa mawonekedwe awo amathandizira kulowetsa madzi ndi dothi. Izi zimabweretsa kutupa ndi matenda.
Zaumoyo
Mtundu wolimba womwe umakhala ndi moyo wazaka 12-15, zomwe ndi zambiri kwa galu wamkuluyu. Agaluwa adutsa masankhidwe achilengedwe omwe sanadutseko mtundu wina uliwonse.
Kuphatikiza apo, sanali otchuka kwambiri, sanapangidwe chifukwa cha ndalama. Ngakhale mchiuno dysplasia siicheperako kwenikweni kuposa agalu ena akulu.
