Galu woyeserera kapena galu wa Samoyed (Chingerezi Samoyed galu) agalu achikale, ali mgululi "Spitz ndi mitundu yoyambira agalu." Iyi ndi galu wogwira ntchito mosiyanasiyana yemwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu akumpoto m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku. Amatha kukoka ma sledges, kusaka, kulondera, kudyetsa nswala ndikuchita chilichonse chofunikira kuti akhale moyo wovuta.
Zolemba
- Chovala chawo ndi chokongola, koma kuchuluka kwake ndi chisamaliro chake zitha kuwoneka zotopetsa.
- Amawombera kawiri pachaka kwambiri, nthawi yonseyo mofanana. Padzakhala ubweya wambiri, umafunika kuchotsedwa nthawi zonse.
- Sakonda kukhala mozungulira ndikukonda kukhala achangu.
- Amakonda chisanu ndipo samva kutentha chifukwa cha kutentha.
- Nkhope yomwetulira ya galu wa Samoyed imafotokozera molondola mawonekedwe ake. Ndiamakhalidwe abwino, ochezeka komanso amakonda ana.
Mbiri ya mtunduwo
Galu wa Samoyed ndi wamtundu wakale wagalu womwe unkakhala limodzi ndi anthu zaka zikwi zapitazo. Mwachilengedwe, palibe chilichonse chodziwika za komwe adachokera, kupatula kuti adakulitsa madera akutali.
Zambiri zomwe timadziwa za mbiri ya Samoyed ndizomwe akatswiri ofukula zakale apeza kapena kufanana ndi miyala yofananira.
Agalu oyamba anawonekera kwinakwake ku India kapena ku Middle East, ndipo nyengo ya Siberia inali yovuta kwambiri kwa iwo. Mwachiwonekere, adawoloka ndi mimbulu yomwe imatha kupirira kuzizira, kapena kuweta nkhandwe.
Mtundu wachiwiriwo ungathe, chifukwa agalu onse akumpoto ali ofanana. Agaluwa amalumikizana mgulu lotchedwa Spitz.
Amadziwika ndi mkanjo wautali, wapawiri, makutu owongoka, mchira wopindika kumbuyo ndikuwoneka ngati mmbulu. Pali ma spitzes ambiri: Akita Inu, Husky, Alaskan Malamute, Chow Chow, Russian-European Laika ndi ena. Malinga ndi malingaliro osiyanasiyana, zaka zawo zimakhala zaka 3 zikwi mpaka 7,000 BC.
Spitz imasinthidwa kukhala ndi moyo kumadera ozizira ozizira kwambiri. Amapirira kutentha komwe kumapha anthu mwachangu, pomwe amatha kuyenda maulendo ataliatali kufunafuna chakudya pansi pa chipale chofewa. Spitz ndi gawo lofunikira pamoyo wamtundu uliwonse wokhala m'malo ovuta awa.
Amanyamula katundu, amateteza ku nyama ndi anthu, amathandizira pakusaka. Ngati sichoncho kwa agaluwa, ndiye kuti madera ambiri akumpoto sakanakhalamo mpaka lero. Nthawi ina, ma sledles adapangidwa ndipo mayendedwe adayamba mwachangu kwambiri, koma kugwiritsa ntchito nyama zosavomerezeka kunali kosatheka chifukwa chosatheka kuzidyetsa.
Udzu palibe, koma agalu amatha kudya nyama. Ndipo ma sleds agalu amakhalabe njira yokhayo yoyendera mpaka koyambirira kwa zaka za zana la 18.
Pambuyo popanga legeni, makolo amitundu ya Samoyed adayamba kusankha agalu kuti athe kukoka ntchito.
Kusintha kwachiwiri kwakukulu kunali kuweta kwa mphalapala.
Pomwe ulimi ukukulira kumadera akumwera, mbawala zimadyetsedwa kumadera akumpoto ndipo ntchito imawonjezeredwa kwa agalu.
Ngakhale kuti Siberia imawoneka ngati yopanda moyo, kwenikweni ili kwawo kwamitundu yambiri yosiyana. Komabe, adadzipatula mpaka nthawi inayake, mpaka pomwe Siberia idagonjetsedwa ndi nzika zaku Russia.
Atsamunda oyambawo sanamvetsetse kusiyana pakati pa mafuko ndipo adawalumikiza m'magulu m'njira yomveka kwa iwo eni.
Nthawi zambiri, kuyanjana uku kunachitika pamaziko a chilankhulo, ngakhale amalankhula anthu osiyanasiyana. Limodzi mwa maguluwa anali a Samoyed kapena a Samoyed (nawonso "samoyad", "samoyedins"), omwe amalankhula banja lachilankhulo cha Uralic ndikugwirizanitsa mayiko angapo. Gululi lidaphatikizapo: Nenets, Enets, Nganasans, Selkups ndi ma Kamasins, Koibals, ma mota, ma Taigian, Karagas ndi Soyots.
Dzina la galu wa Samoyed limachokera ku dzina la fuko ndipo zimamveka zachilendo kwa munthu wamakono. Mitundu yonseyi idasunga agalu ofanana kwambiri, omwe anali osunthika, koma makamaka amagwiritsidwa ntchito poĊµeta ziweto. Agaluwa anali ochepera kuposa a Spitz ena onse ndipo amayamikiridwa kwambiri ndi a Nenets, omwe amagona nawo.
Ulemerero umabwera kwa agalu awa limodzi ndi maulendo apolishi omwe amayesa kugonjetsa South and North Poles. Ngati poyamba ankachitiridwa ngati njira yokwaniritsira cholinga, ndiye kuti anali abwenzi okhulupirika komanso odalirika.
Kuwonekera koyamba kwa galu wa Samoyed ku Great Britain kudachitika mu 1889, pomwe a Robert Scott, m'modzi mwa omwe adazindikira ku South Pole, adabweretsa agalu angapo paulendo wake. Agalu a Samoyed anali a Russian Tsar Alexander III ndi Mfumukazi yaku Britain Alexandra.
Olima Chingerezi adayamba kuyimitsa mtunduwo ndikuusandutsa mtundu wamakono. Chimodzi mwazosinthazi chinali kukhazikika kwa utoto ndikusunthika kwa mitundu yakuda kapena yakuda kuchokera pamenepo. Agalu a Samoyed amasandulika oyera, kirimu kapena zoyera ndimalo a mabisiketi.
Nkhondo Yoyamba Yapadziko Lonse idayimitsa kuyesa kwa kumpoto ndipo kumapeto kwa nkhondo kutchuka kwa galu wa Samoyed kunatsika kwambiri. Chimodzi mwa zifukwa chinali chakuti obereketsa anasintha agaluwo kotero kuti ntchito zawo zinatayika. Chinanso chinali chakuti ofufuzawo adadziwitsidwa za mitundu ya agalu yomwe inali yoyendetsedwa mwangwiro, monga galu waku Greenland.
Agaluwa anali othamanga kwambiri komanso olimba kuposa ma Samoyed. Koma, kufunikira kwakukulu kunaseweredwa ndi chikondi cha ofufuza aku America amitundu ina. Amakonda Husky, Alaskan Malamute kapena Chinook.
Galu wa Samoyed akadali ndi luso logwirabe ntchito ndipo eni ake nthawi zina amawagwiritsa ntchito pantchito yawo.
Koma, agalu okhala m'malo otentha sangathenso kuwonedwa ngati agalu oponyedwa. Anakhala agalu anzawo komanso ngwazi zowonetsera.
Inde, ndipo ndi wamba wamba, makamaka popeza galu wa Samoyed sanakhalepo wotchuka ngati Malamute kapena Husky. Obereketsa ambiri amasangalala ndi izi, popeza kuti geni ndiyokwanira, galu amafunidwa, koma osati kuti chifukwa chopeza ndalama, amasandutsa mtunduwo kukhala mtundu wodwala komanso wofooka.
Mu 2010, galu wa Samoyed adayikidwa pa nambala 72 m'chiwerengero cha mitundu yovomerezeka ya AKC, mwa mitundu 167.
Kufotokozera za mtunduwo
Galu wa Samoyed amakondedwa chifukwa chovala choyera choyera komanso milomo yake yokwera pang'ono, ndikupatsa galuyo kumwetulira. Mtundu uwu ndi Spitz wamba, mtanda pakati pa agalu anzawo aku Western Europe ndi agalu osokera a Siberia ndi North America.
Awa ndi agalu apakatikati, amuna omwe amafota amafika masentimita 54-60, akazi 50 cm mpaka 50. Amuna amalemera 25-30 kg, akazi 17-25 kg. Thupi lalikulu limabisala pansi pa malaya, koma limakhala lolimba komanso lamphamvu. Ndi mtundu wofanana, kutalika pang'ono pang'ono kuposa kutalika.
Amakhala olimba kwambiri, amaoneka ngati akuda kwambiri, koma chifukwa cha malaya awo akuda. Mchira ndi wautali wautali, wonyamulidwa kumbuyo kapena mbali imodzi poyenda. Galu akamamasuka, amatsitsa mpaka kumakoko.
Mutu ndi mphuno ndizofanana ndi thupi, koma zimawoneka zazing'ono chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ubweya pathupi. Mutuwo ndi woboola pakati, wofanana ndi nkhandwe. Mphuno ndi yaifupi koma yotakata komanso yamphamvu.
Chosiyana ndi mtunduwo ndi milomo yake. Zili zakuda, zolimba kwambiri, ndipo milomo ya milomo imakwera mmwamba pang'ono, ndikupanga kumwetulira.
Nthawi zina amatchedwa agalu akumwetulira. Maso ndi ofunikira momwe amathandizira kukulitsa mphamvu. Amakhala apakatikati kukula, bulauni yakuda, mawonekedwe a amondi, ndi mawonekedwe akuda. Makutuwo ndi apakatikati kukula kwake, mawonekedwe ake amakona atatu, okhazikika ndi okhazikika. Mawonekedwe akunja ndi ochezeka komanso osangalala.
Pamodzi ndi kumwetulira kotchuka, amasiyanitsa mtundu ndi malaya. Pali zambiri, ndi kawiri ndi malaya okhwima, owirira komanso odula, owongoka, odula. Ntchito ya malayawo ndikuteteza galu kuzizira ndi chisanu.
Mwa amuna, chovalacho nthawi zambiri chimakhala chachitali komanso cholimba kuposa choluma, ndipo chimapanga mane owonekera pachifuwa ndi m'khosi. Ndi wamfupi pamutu, pamphuno, kutsogolo kwa miyendo, koma motalikirabe kumchira, khosi ndi kumbuyo kwa miyendo.
Mathalauza amapangidwa kumbuyo kwa mapazi ake.
Mtundu wovala: yoyera, kirimu kapena yoyera ndi biscuit. White ndi biscuit ndi yoyera ndimadontho ang'onoang'ono amtundu wa bisiketi, m'malo mwake ndindandanda.
Khalidwe
Galu wa Samoyed ndiwotchuka chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake abwino, osasamala komanso osangalala. Amakonda, omwe amawasiyanitsa ndi Spitz ena. Ndi aliyense m'banjamo, galu wa Samoyed amakhala bwenzi lapamtima, ndikupanga zibwenzi ndi abwenzi apabanja. Koma ngakhale atakhala ochezekawa, ndiwodziyimira pawokha mwachilengedwe. Amatha kuchita zambiri ndipo sangayende pansi pa mapazi awo. Mosiyana ndi mitundu ina, iwo sasowa wocheza naye ngati amakhala okha kwa nthawi yayitali.
Kulera ana ndikofunikira chifukwa amatha kulandilidwa kwambiri podumpha ndikuyesera kunyambita kumaso. Ndiwotchuka kwambiri ndipo amatha kukhala alonda abwino, komabe, kukuwa kwawo ndi uthenga woti wina wabwera ndipo akufunika kuti amulolere kuti apange zibwenzi. Mlendo akamalowa mnyumbamo, amadzanyambita mpaka kufa kuposa kulumidwa.
Amakonda ana, ofewa komanso kuwayang'anira nthawi zambiri amakhala abwenzi apamtima. Amakonda kucheza nawo komanso kusewera.
Limodzi mwamavuto atha kukhala chibadwa chokakamiza a Samoyed kuwongolera nyama. Zowona, samakonda kugwiritsa ntchito njira yomwe amakonda kwambiri yoweta agalu - kutsina miyendo.
Popeza agwira ntchito limodzi ndi agalu ena, nthawi zambiri amakhala bwino nawo. Kuphatikiza apo, ma Samoyed ambiri amakonda kucheza ndi agalu ndipo samakonda kuwongolera, kukhala minda kapena kuchita ndewu. Amakhala ofatsa omwe amawalola kuti azikhala bwino ngakhale agalu ang'onoang'ono.
Amakhala ndi chibadwa chosaka, koma modekha. Ndi mayanjano oyenera, amatha kukhala bwino ndi nyama zina, ngakhale amphaka, ngakhale amayesa kuwalamulira. Galu wa Samoyed ali ndi chibadwa choweta ndipo amafuna kuwongolera nyama zina ndi agalu.
Ndi agalu anzeru komanso ophunzitsidwa bwino omwe amafuna kuphunzira ndikusangalatsa. Akatswiri ofufuza matendawa amati galu wa Samoyed ndiye wosavuta kwambiri kuphunzitsa pakati pa Spitz yayikulu. Ngati mwakumana ndi mitundu monga Husky kapena Chow Chow, mudzadabwa kwambiri ndi kuthekera kwa Samoyed.
Komabe, uwu si mtundu wosavuta kuphunzitsa ndipo ngati mudakumanapo ndi Golden Retriever kapena German Shepherd, mutha kukumana ndi zovuta.
Agalu a Samoyed ndi odziyimira pawokha mwachilengedwe ndipo atha kusankha kuti sakufuna kuphunzira. Uku si kuuma mtima komwe Spitz yonse imadziwika, koma kusowa chidwi. Ndi khama lokwanira, aphunzira zonse zomwe mwiniwake akufuna, koma ngati atero, adzisankhira yekha.
Ngakhale sakhala olamulira, amangomvera omwe amawalemekeza. Ngati mukufuna galu yemwe amamvera lamulo lililonse, ndiye kuti si Samoyed. Ngakhale, ndi chipiriro chokwanira, mutha kupanga galu womvera bwino kwambiri.
Mitunduyi imakhala ndi zofuna zambiri, koma osati zoletsa. Omwe amakhala m'mizinda amatha kuwamaliza popanda zovuta zambiri. Muyenera kuyenda maulendo ataliatali, tsiku lililonse, kuthamanga bwino. Amakonda kuthamanga, amatha kutero kwa nthawi yayitali, koma samangoyenda nthawi zonse.
Ndikofunikira kwambiri kutulutsa mphamvu, apo ayi galu amayamba kubowola, amakhala wowononga, amakola. Ma Samoyed amakonda nthawi yozizira, amathamanga ndikusewera mu chisanu momwe amatha kuthamangira kwa maola ambiri.
Eni ake akuyenera kukhala osamala kwambiri akakhala m'malo otentha, chifukwa magwiridwe antchito ndi malaya akuluakulu angayambitse kutentha.
Amakonda kuyendayenda ndikufufuza malo omwe ali, chifukwa chake mukakhala pabwalo, onetsetsani kuti mpanda ndiwokwera komanso wopanda mabowo.
Chisamaliro
Imatenga nthawi yambiri, chifukwa muyenera kupesa ubweya tsiku lililonse. Kuphatikiza apo, amakhetsa kwambiri, ndipo ubweya umakhalapo mnyumba monsemo. Kawiri pachaka, zimakhetsa mwamphamvu kwambiri, panthawi yomwe agalu amafunika kupesa nthawi zambiri.
Zowonjezerapo zimaphatikizapo kuti samanunkhiza, chifukwa ubweyawo umadziyeretsa mothandizidwa ndi mafuta obisika ndi khungu. Ngati galu samasambitsidwa kawirikawiri, ndiye kuti izi zimapitilira mpaka ukalamba.
Zaumoyo
Wapakati. Kumbali imodzi, anali agalu ogwira ntchito omwe amakhala kumpoto ndipo amadutsa masankhidwe achilengedwe. Kumbali inayi, ma Samoyed amakono ali ndi vuto laling'ono (koma osati laling'ono monga mitundu ina), ndipo matenda ena amatengera. Nthawi yayitali ndi zaka 12-15, yayitali mokwanira galu wokulirapo.
Matenda omwe amapezeka kwambiri ndi awa: m'chiuno dysplasia ndi cholowa nephritis kapena cholowa m'malo Samoyed glomerulopathy. Ngati agalu onse akuluakulu amatha kukhala woyamba, ndiye kuti matenda achiwiri ndi apadera.
Ndi nthenda ya impso yomwe imakhudza agalu a Samoyed ndipo imadalira ma chromosomes angapo. Amuna amavutika pafupipafupi kuposa akazi ndipo amafa pafupipafupi, mawonetseredwe a matendawa amapezeka ali ndi miyezi iwiri mpaka chaka.
