Masiku ano, akalulu ndiomwe ali ndi mbiri yoswana. Zinyama zotere komanso zokongoletsa ndizotchuka kunyumba chifukwa cha kubala komanso kukhwima msanga. Komabe, kusamalira kwawo kumatha kukhala kovuta ndi matenda, komanso kufa kwamisala.
Zizindikiro za kalulu wodwala
Akalulu odwala amakhala ndi mawonekedwe achisoni, kusowa chidwi ndi chakudya, komanso kutaya chidwi ndi phokoso kapena ngozi yomwe ikuyandikira... Nthawi zambiri, nyama yodwala imawonetsa kuda nkhawa kwambiri, imakhala ndi malaya opindika kapena oderapo. Mamina am'mimbamo amakhala amtundu wamtambo kapena amatchedwa ofiira amdima, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mafinya kapena zotupa.
Zofunika! Nyama yodwala imadziwika ndimakhalidwe oyipa kwambiri, kutsagana ndi tsitsi, kupuma mwachangu komanso mwamphamvu, kutuluka, komanso kufooka komanso kugwedezeka.
Ena, matenda akalulu wamba, amaphatikizidwa ndi purulent kutuluka m'mphuno ndi m'maso, komanso kumaliseche. Pakhoza kukhala zizindikiro zowopsa m'mimba ndi m'mimba, zoyimiriridwa ndi kutsekula m'mimba ndi kudzimbidwa, komanso kuphulika. Zizindikiro za kutentha kwa thupi la nyama zikakhudzidwa ndi matenda ena zimatha kufikira 41-42zaKUCHOKERA.
Mitundu ya matenda ndi chithandizo chawo
Akalulu amatengeka ndi matenda opatsirana, opatsirana komanso opatsirana. Matenda ofala kwambiri komanso owopsa ndi monga opatsirana, chifukwa nyama yodwala imatha kukhala yoopsa kwa ena.
Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda opatsirana zimayimiriridwa ndi majeremusi amkati ndi akunja. Matenda omwe siopatsirana nthawi zambiri amakwiya chifukwa cha kusowa kwa zakudya m'thupi komanso zolakwika posunga, kuphatikiza kuvulala ndi mikwingwirima ya nyama.
Utitiri
Zizindikiro zowononga nyama ndi utitiri zimatha kukhala zosiyana, koma chisamaliro chapadera chiziperekedwa pazinthu izi:
- kupezeka kwa mazira obereketsa, mphutsi ndi zilonda, zowoneka bwino kwambiri pamutu wa kalulu ngakhale ndi maso;
- kupezeka kwa madontho ofiira ochepa pakhungu la nyama, chifukwa chakuluma kwa ectoparasite;
- kupezeka muubweya wa nyama kapena pansi pa khola mokwanira mdima wowoneka bwino, womwe ndi ndowe ya ectoparasites.
Nthata ndi zina mwa zomwe zimatenga matenda osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo myxomatosis, hemorrhagic matenda, ndi purulent conjunctivitis. Chithandizo chake chimakhala posamba kalulu ndi shampu yophera tizilombo monga Neguvon ndi Bolfo. Kusambitsanso kuyenera kuchitika patatha masiku khumi. Kuyeretsa kwathunthu ndi kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kumafunika mchipinda ndi khola.
Zotsatira zabwino kwambiri zimapezeka pogwiritsa ntchito madontho apadera a "Advantage" ndi "Front Line". Kukonzanso kumachitika pambuyo pa miyezi ingapo. Amaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo opindulitsa kwambiri mwa 0,5% "Brommocycline".
Kalulu Hemorrhagic Disease (HBD)
Matenda otuluka magazi a Kalulu ndi matenda oopsa kwambiri. Nyamayo imakhudzidwa ndimatenda okha magazi pakagonekedwa kuphwanya kwa zakudya kapena malamulo osunga.
Nthawi zambiri, matenda amachitika ndi mpweya, ndipo akalulu omwe ali ndi chitetezo chokwanira kwambiri amatha kuwonongeka. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa chakudya chotsika kwambiri chodetsa nkhawa kumathanso kuonedwa ngati komwe kumayambitsa kuwonongeka.
Ndizosangalatsa! Kukhazikitsidwa kwa seramu yapadera kumathandiza kupewa kuyambika kwa matendawa, chifukwa chithandizo chamankhwala samankhwala sichimangobweretsa zomwe mukufuna.
Matendawa akuwonjezeka ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha kwa thupi ndi kufooka kwakukulu, kusowa kwa njala ndi kuwonongeka kwa tsamba la kupuma, mavuto am'mimba. Mwa mawonekedwe okhazikika, kalulu amawoneka wathanzi kapena ali ndi conjunctivitis ndi rhinitis. Kuperewera kwa mankhwala kumayambitsa kufa kwa nyama.
Nyongolotsi
Zizindikiro zazikulu zomwe zikuwonetseratu kuti matenda a nyongolotsi ndi awa ndi:
- ludzu ndi kukodza pafupipafupi;
- mawonekedwe a ntchofu wobiriwira mu ndowe;
- kusinthana kutsegula m'mimba ndi kudzimbidwa;
- kusowa chilakolako kapena kususuka kwambiri;
- kutaya kuwala kowala mu malaya;
- kutaya tsitsi kwambiri;
- mtambo wa diso sclera;
- kuonekera kwa ulesi ndi mphwayi m'moyo wa nyama;
- kumva kuyabwa mu anus.
Mankhwala "Shustrik", omwe amapatsidwa chiweto pamlingo wa 1 ml / kg, komanso mankhwala "Gamavit" ndi "Albendazole", ndi othandiza kwambiri. Kwa masiku angapo oyamba, kuyambitsidwa kwa "Gamavit" kumachitika mosadukiza, mdera louma, kenako "Alben" imawonjezeredwa, yomwe imaperekedwa kawiri patsiku.
Ndizosangalatsa! Mankhwalawa Pirantel, Dronten ndi Tetramisole, omwe amaperekedwa molingana ndi malangizo, sakhala ocheperako pamankhwala.
Matenda a mundawo m'mimba
Matenda amtunduwu akalulu ndi ochuluka kwambiri, chifukwa cha makoswe.... Matenda ofala kwambiri m'mimba mwa nyama ndi awa:
- m'mimba stasis, limodzi ndi kufooka kwakukulu kwamitsempha yam'mimba yam'mimba komanso kuphwanya microflora yopindulitsa;
- trichobezoars kapena "hairballs";
- Kukula kwa m'mimba ndi m'mimba kutsekeka, zomwe, monga lamulo, zimachitika ndendende mu mitundu yayitali;
- zilonda zam'mimba, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa matenda am'mimba komanso matenda a anorexia;
- Matenda akudya cecotrophs omwe amapangidwa mkati mwa cecum;
- kutsekeka kwa cecum, komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kulowa m'mimba;
- dysbiosis ya cecum, yomwe imawoneka ndi zakudya zosasankhidwa bwino komanso zopanda thanzi.
Zotupa zowopsa ndi zopweteka, zomwe ndizochepa mu akalulu, zimafunikira chisamaliro chapadera. Matenda oterewa amafuna chithandizo cha opaleshoni.
Matenda opatsirana a stomatitis
Matenda opatsirana a stomatitis posachedwa amapezeka akalulu. Matenda ofala kwambiriwa amatsagana ndi kukwera kwa malovu mkamwa, kutupa kwa lilime ndi kufiyira kwa nembanemba yam'mimba, kunyowetsa tsitsi kumaso, komanso kuwonekera kwa tsitsi lokulirapo pamutu, pamimba ndi miyendo.
Poyang'ana pakuwona, mutha kupeza kanema woyera ndi zilonda mkamwa mwa nyama, zomwe zimangokhala zotopetsa komanso kupsinjika, zimakana kudya kapena kuchepa kwambiri. Zizindikiro zazikulu za matendawa zimakwaniritsidwa ndikutsekula m'mimba kwambiri komanso kusuntha kosasunthika komwe kumayambitsa kuyabwa kwambiri. Stomatitis imatha kukhala yofatsa kapena yayikulu. Njira yachiwiri ndikuwopseza mbewa.
Zofunika! Ndikofunika kulipira popewa matenda opatsirana, omwe amapatula anthu okayikira matenda komanso kuwunika nyama pafupipafupi. Ndikofunika kupanga zikhalidwe zoyenera zaukhondo akalulu, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito chakudya chokwanira chokha chodyetsera.
Njira zochiritsira zimayimiriridwa ndi kuthirira m'kamwa ndi yankho potengera potaziyamu permanganate kapena penicillin, chithandizo cha mucosa wamlomo ndi ufa wa streptocide, kutsuka zotupa kumaso ndi yankho lotengera sulphate yamkuwa. Zotsatira zabwino kwambiri zimawonetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito streptocidal emulsion, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamlomo wam'mlomo, komanso chithandizo cha Baytril.
Coccidiosis
Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndi protozoa, zomwe zimasokoneza m'matumbo ndi chiwindi cha nyama.... Kukula kwa matendawa kumatha kuyambitsidwa ndi kusowa kwa njira zopumira kwaokha mukamapeza anthu atsopano, kugwiritsa ntchito chakudya chodetsedwa, kupezeka kwa ma vector a matendawa komanso kulumikizana ndi nyama zodwala, komanso kunyalanyaza malamulo okolola. Coccidiosis imatha kuchitika pachimake, pamasokosi akulu komanso mitundu yayitali. Zizindikiro za matenda zimaperekedwa:
- mimba yopanda pake komanso yosalala chifukwa chotseguka m'matumbo;
- ulesi wonse;
- kusowa kwa njala kwathunthu;
- kutsika kwakukulu kwa mikhalidwe yaubweya;
- ludzu lotchulidwa nthawi zonse;
- kutsekula m'mimba kwakanthawi;
- mkhalidwe wokhumudwa komanso mawonekedwe oponyedwa kumbuyo.
Chithandizo cha coccidiosis chimachitika pogwiritsa ntchito Baykoks ndi Solikoks. Monga njira yodzitetezera, kumwa madzi kwa akalulu ndikuwonjezera ayodini kapena potaziyamu permanganate.
Myxomatosis
Myxomatosis ndi matenda otupa kwambiri omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kachilombo. Pali mitundu nodular ndi edematous mawonekedwe. Njira yachiwiri siyiyenera kulandira chithandizo. Zizindikiro zowoneka bwino za matenda a myxomatosis zimayimiriridwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa diso, momwe kumatulukirako khungu la mucous ndikuwoneka koyera, komanso kutopa, kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha kwa thupi komanso kuwonongeka kwa mawonekedwe amkati mwa malaya.
Katemera sateteza kalulu ku matenda, koma nyama zopatsidwa katemera zimalolera matendawa modekha.... Katemera woyamba amachitidwa ali ndi zaka chimodzi ndi theka, ndipo kuyambiranso kuyenera kuchitidwa patatha miyezi itatu. Kenako nyamayo imalandira katemera chaka chilichonse, koma katemera aliyense ndikofunikira kuti azisungika kwa milungu iwiri.
Pasteurellosis
Matenda opatsirana oyambitsidwa ndi Pasteurella bacillus nthawi zambiri amapweteketsa anthu, komanso kufa kwa nyama. Zizindikiro zazikulu zomwe zimatsata kugonjetsedwa kwa pasteurellosis ndi izi:
- kutsegula m'mimba;
- kuphulika;
- kupuma kwambiri;
- mawonekedwe a kupuma;
- kupezeka kwa ntchofu kuchokera kumphuno;
- kutulutsa m'maso;
- kusowa chilakolako;
- ulesi ndi mphwayi;
- kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha kwa thupi mpaka 41-42zaKUCHOKERA.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tikhoza kulowa m'thupi la kalulu kudzera mwa kumwa, kudya, kulumikizana ndi nyama zina, komanso kudzera m'manja akudya a mwiniwake. Kalulu amathandizidwa ndi sulfanilamide kukonzekera komwe kumaperekedwa mkati mwa masiku anayi pamlingo wa 0.25 g pa nyama yayikulu komanso ½ mlingo wa nyama zazing'ono.
Ndizosangalatsa! Katemera wa pasteurellosis, "Pasorin-Ol" ndi "Pestorin-Mormix" amagwiritsidwa ntchito, komanso mankhwala "Formolvaccin".
Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito njirayi mu "Tetracycline" ndi "Biomycin" mu mnofu. Kutsekemera kwa maselo kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito njira: 1% formalin, 3% lysol kapena carbolic acid, komanso 2% sodium hydroxide.
Pododermatitis
Maonekedwe a chimanga, nthawi zambiri, amatha kutengeredwa ndi achikulire omwe ali ndi thupi lolemera komanso osakwanira. Zomwe zimayambitsa kalulu pododermatitis ndi:
- kulemera kwakukulu kwa nyama;
- pansi pake mu khola;
- kukhalapo kwa zomwe zingayambitse mtundu wamtundu;
- kawirikawiri kapena kulibe kwathunthu ubweya paws;
- kutalika kwa zikhadabo, kuyambitsa chisokonezo m'matumba ndikupanga ma callus;
- kusakwanira kwa magalimoto ntchito zanyama;
- makhalidwe;
- kuphwanya mfundo zaukhondo posamalira nyama.
Matendawa amakula m'magulu angapo. Choyamba, chotupa chapamwamba chimadziwika, pambuyo pake matenda opatsirana, omwe amatsagana ndi purulent pododermatitis. Ndiye matendawa amalowa m'matumba, ndipo machiritso amatha pokhapokha opaleshoni. Pamapeto pake, kulowerera kwakukulu kwa matenda kumachitika ndikuwonongeka kwa minyewa ndi mafupa. Poterepa, kufalikira kwa chithandizo chamankhwala nthawi zambiri kumakhala kovuta kwambiri.
Chithandizo cha magawo oyamba chimachitika ndi maantibayotiki "Baytril", komanso pochizira malo okhudzidwa, utsi "Ksidikol" umagwiritsidwa ntchito, komanso mafuta "Rescuer" ndi "Levomekol". Mwa mankhwala owerengeka omwe amalola kutsekemera kwa mabala apamwamba, kulowetsedwa kwa calendula kumagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri. Pazifukwa zodzitetezera, munthu sayenera kungoyesa mayeso a nyama zokha, komanso kutsatira malamulo onse osunga akalulu.
Rhinitis
Matenda a rhinitis ndi matenda ofala kwa akalulu. Matenda ofalawa amatha kuyambitsidwa ndi zovuta, mpweya wouma mopitirira muyeso, komanso zakudya zosayenera ndikusunga nyama m'makola apulasitiki.
Chithandizo cholakwika kapena chosakhalitsa chimayambitsa kusintha kwa matendawa kukhala mawonekedwe osachiritsika. Matendawa amadziwonekera pakung'amba mphuno, kuyetsemula, kufiira ndi kutupa kwa mphuno, komanso kuwonekera kwa kutuluka kwamadzi koonekera bwino.
Chithandizo cha rhinitis chiyenera kuyambika mwachangu, pakuwonekera koyamba kwa zizindikilo zake munyama. Mankhwala ndi mankhwala amaperekedwa kutengera mtundu wa matenda kutengera zotsatira za zomwe adatengedwa. Monga lamulo, kuti muwonjezere mphamvu ya mankhwalawa, masiku asanu ndi awiri amagwiritsidwe ntchito a maantibayotiki, omwe amathandizidwa ndi mankhwala omwe amathandiza microflora m'matumbo.
Zofunika! Chithandizo cha mamina ndi mphuno ndi maso ziyenera kuchitidwa ndi 0,9% yamchere.
Inhalation amapereka zotsatira zabwino. Zakudya za nyama ziyenera kuphatikiza zitsamba zatsopano, komanso kulowetsedwa kwa chamomile.
Pazifukwa zodzitetezera, mayeso a kalulu sabata iliyonse amachitika, ndipo zizindikiritso zabwino za chinyezi cha mpweya zimasungidwa. Mukamasunga nyama, ndikofunikira kuziteteza ku zovuta zoyipa, komanso kutsatira miyezo yonse yaukhondo. Kudya koyenera komanso katemera wa panthawi yake ndizofunikanso. Ziweto zimayenera kulandira katemera miyezi isanu iliyonse.
Zipere
Matenda omwe amadziwika kuti ndi mafangasi amatha kupezeka mosalekeza, mopitilira muyeso, komanso polowerera. Chizindikiro choyamba cha chotupa nthawi zambiri chimayimiridwa ndi mawanga ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi 10-20 mm m'mimba mwake. Ma specks akuphatikizana ndi mtundu winawake amapanga ndere, kukula kwake kwakukulu.
Fomu yomwe imanyalanyazidwa imadziwika ndikuphimba thupi kwathunthu ndi mafangasi a fungal. Khungu mkati mwa madera okhudzidwa ndi lotupa komanso lofiira. Khungu ndi losalala kwambiri komanso loyabwa.
Kunja kwa zilondazo, ma crusts ndi ma thovu ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi mafinya amatuluka mwachangu... Chifukwa chakukula msanga kwa spore, lichen pakanthawi kochepa imafalikira mthupi lonse la nyama.
Tsitsi losweka limakhala ndi hemp, 1.0-25 mm kutalika ndi zokutira za silvery. Mkati mwa "hemp" mumakhala mafinya ambiri, chifukwa chake matendawa ndi ovuta.
Chitetezo chabwino ndikugwiritsa ntchito "Microderma" kapena "Vakderma". Mankhwala "Griseofulvin" ndi othandiza kwambiri. Ndikofunikanso kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito shampoos yapadera ya keratolytic yomwe ili ndi 3% ya benzoyl peroxide.
Pochiza zilonda zowopsa, mafuta "Yam", "Saprosan", "Amikazol" ndi "Salicylic" amagwiritsidwa ntchito, komanso "Iodine-vasogen", kapena "Iodine-glycerin", "Salicylic mowa" ndi "Unisan", omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku madera omwe akhudzidwa ndi matenda a fungus.
Kupewa matenda ndi katemera
Asanalandire katemera, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti athane ndi Baykoks kapena Solikoks, komanso kuthyola nyamayo ndi Pasitala ya Dirofen. Akalulu athanzi okha ndi omwe angalandire katemera, chifukwa chake, amawunika kaye ndipo, ngati kuli koyenera, kutentha kwa thupi kumayeza. Nyama iyenera kukhala ndi matumbo oyenda komanso kudya kwabwino.
Choyamba, katemera amachitidwa motsutsana ndi matenda owopsa kwambiri, omwe amaimiridwa ndi myxomatosis ndi matenda amtundu wa hemorrhagic.... Katemera wouma "Nobivak Myxo-RHD" wadziwonetsa bwino. Against myxomatosis ndi HBV, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito katemera wovuta kwambiri wazigawo ziwiri "Lapimun Gemix", komanso kuti muteteze ku matenda amwazi wamagazi - "RABBIVAC-V".
Pofuna kupewa kugonjetsedwa kwa akalulu ndi pasteurellosis, monga lamulo, katemera wamadzimadzi waku Czech "PASORIN-OL" amagwiritsidwa ntchito, omwe amaperekedwa kwa chiweto koyamba ali ndi zaka 28, komanso masiku 35, kenako masiku 70 komanso miyezi isanu ndi umodzi iliyonse.
Zofunika!Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa katemera kumatha kutsagana ndi zotsatirapo ngati kuchepa kwa njala ndikupanga cholembera pamalo opangira jekeseni. Monga lamulo, zosokoneza zimachoka paokha pasanathe masiku awiri.
Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti ndi dokotala yekha amene angasankhe pa katemera wa kalulu ku matenda osowa kwambiri monga chiwewe, listeriosis ndi salmonellosis.
