Makhalidwe ndi malo okhala tuatara
Pali anthu omwe sadziwa bwino tuatara, kapena molakwika amawona mtundu uwu wa zokwawa ngati abuluzi, koma izi ndizolakwika.
Kumanani tuatara kapena dzina lachiwiri la zokwawa zija tuatara - chokwawa chomwe chinapulumuka nthawi ya dinosaurs. Ku New Zealand, kumpoto kuli zilumba zomwe m'mbali mwake muli miyala.
Zilumba izi ndizolumikizidwa ndi kakhonde kakang'ono kolumikiza zilumba zakumpoto ndi South. Pamalo osakhala bwino kwambiri padziko lapansi pano khalani zokwawa - maso atatu tuatarakupanga omenyera mutu.
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti malingaliro azilumba zomwe khalani tuatara wachisoni. Zilumbazi zaphimbidwa ndi chifunga cholimba mbali zonse, ndipo mafunde ozizira amtambo agwera pagombe lamiyala. Zomera m'malo amenewa ndizosoŵa, ndipo m'derali mulinso zokwawa zam'mbali ndi mbalame zochepa.
Pakadali pano, nyama zonse, kuphatikiza zoweta, zidachotsedwa kuzilumbazi, ndipo makoswe ambiri adawonongedwa, zomwe zidawononga kwambiri ndikudya mazira a tuatars ndi ana ang'ono a Tuatars.
Pakadali pano, boma la New Zealand lateteza chokwawa chodabwitsa, chotchedwa "zotsalira zamoyo". Zotsatira zake, zinali zotheka kuletsa kutha kwa mitundu ya zokwawa izi ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwawo.
Masiku ano, kuchuluka kwa ma Tuatar kuli osachepera 100 anthu zikwi. Malo osungira nyama ku Australia adalumikizana ndi gululi ndipo tsopano m'derali mutha kuwona nyama zosangalatsa zomwe zimachokera nthawi ya dinosaurs.
Kwa funso: "Nchifukwa chiyani tuatara amatchedwa fossil wamoyo? " Akatswiri amayankha izi tuatara ali ndi ufulu woyitanidwa zotsalira zamoyo, ndipo zonse chifukwa chakuti zokwawa zija ndi za mitundu ina ya zokwawa zomwe zatha zaka 200 miliyoni.
Mwakuwoneka, hatteria mosafanana amafanana ndi iguana. Kapangidwe kawo kofanana ndi ka njoka, china chake chimatengedwa kuchokera ku akamba ndi ng'ona, palinso zinthu zina za nsomba ndipo, chodabwitsa kwambiri, ali ndi ziwalo, zomwe mawonekedwe ake anali amtundu wakale kwambiri wa ma dinosaurs.
Kuchokera kwa oyimira akulu buluzi tuataraChoyamba, chimadziwika ndi mawonekedwe apadera a chigaza. Chochititsa chidwi ndi nsagwada zomwe zili pamwamba, m'kamwa ndi kumtunda kwa chigaza.
Mbali zomwe zafotokozedwa za chokwawa zimatha kuyenda mosiyana ndi mkati mwa chigaza, momwe mumapezeka ubongo wa tuatara. Pa izi chithunzi cha tuatara mutha kuwoneka bwino ndikufanizira buluzi.
Ngakhale wamwamuna sangathe kudzitama ndi kukula kwa thupi, chifukwa tuatara — nyama kukula kuchokera kunsonga ya mchira mpaka kunsonga kwa mphuno ndi 0,7 mita zokha, ndipo misa siyopitilira 1000 g.
Kumbuyo, m'mbali mwa phirilo, pali lokwera lokhala ndi mbale zazitatu. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti chinali chilombo ichi chomwe chidapatsa dzina loti "tuatara", chifukwa potanthauzira mawuwa amatanthauza "prickly".
Pachithunzicho, diso lachitatu la tuatara
Thupi nyama amaphimba masikelo obiriwira ndi kusakaniza kwa imvi, nawonso mu tuatara pali zikhasu, zomwe, ngakhale zili zazifupi, zimakhala zamphamvu kwambiri komanso mchira wautali. Mbali yapadera ya tuatara ndi kupezeka kwa diso lachitatu - diso la parietal, lomwe lili mdera la occipital. Yatsani chithunzikomwe munthu wamkulu akufunsa, mutha kuwona mawonekedwe apadera tuatara.
Osangoyesa kuwona diso lachitatu pachithunzi cha cholengedwa chachikulu, chifukwa chiwalo ichi chimawoneka bwino mwa ana okha. Diso lachitatu limawoneka ngati kachigawo kakang'ono kozunguliridwa ndi sikelo mbali zonse, koma diso losazolowereka limakhala ndi mandala, ndipo kapangidwe kake kamakhala ndimaselo omwe amakumana ndi kuwala, koma limba lilibe minofu yothandizira kuyang'ana malowo.
Ma tuatar achichepere akamakula, diso lawo lachitatu limakutidwa ndi khungu ndipo sikutheka kuliyeza. Chifukwa cha zoyeserera zingapo, akatswiri adazindikira kuti diso lachitatu ndi chiwalo chomwe sichiwoneka, koma limatha kuzindikira kutentha ndi kuwala kwa radiation.
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa tuatara
Tuatara Ndi chokwawa usiku. Imakhala pamatenthedwe osaposa +8 ºС. Njira zonse zamagetsi zamagetsi ndi mayendedwe amoyo kwa aliyense mitundu ya tuatara, zomwe, mwa njira, ziwiri zokha zimachitika pang'onopang'ono, ngakhale kupuma mu zokwawa kumachedwa - osachepera masekondi 7 pakati pa kupuma ndi mpweya.
Tuatara sichifa ngakhale sititenga mpweya umodzi kwa mphindi 60. Tuatara wokhala ndi milomo samachita chidwi ndi madzi, amakonda njira zamadzi. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti iwo ndi osambira abwino kwambiri. Koma othamangawo ndi achabechabe, miyendo yayifupi siyinaperekedwe kwa marathons.
Tuatara ndi chokwawa chapadera kwambiri chomwe chimatha kumveka. Kukhala chete kwa malo okhala tuatara nthawi zambiri kumasokonezedwa ndi mawu awo okokomeza. Mbali yosangalatsa ya mitundu iyi chokwawa chinthu ndichakuti tuatara Amadzipangira okha zisa za mbalame zamphongo - mbalame zomwe zimakhala kuzilumba za New Zealand.
Mbalame, zachidziwikire, sizikusangalala ndi khalidwe lopanda nzeru ngati la zokwawa, koma sizingachitire mwina koma kusiya nyumba zawo kuti zithawe. Poyamba, akatswiri amakhulupirira kuti kukhalapo kwa mbalame ndi tuatar ndizotheka, koma atawona zidawonekeratu kuti zokwawa zimawononga zisa za amphaka munthawi ya chisa.
Chakudya cha tuatara
Monga tanena kale, tuatara imatha kugwira ntchito masana, ndipo imabisalira nyama zolusa masana. Ndi kuyamba kwa usiku, tuatara imayamba kusaka. Zakudya gulu beakheads amaphatikizapo nkhono, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tizilombo, mbozi zapadziko lapansi, ndipo nthawi zina tuatara amalola kuti alawe nyama ya anapiye aang'ono a petrel, zomwe sizimachitika kawirikawiri.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa moyo wa tuatara
Nthawi yonse yozizira - kuyambira pakati pa mwezi woyamba wa masika mpaka pakati pa Ogasiti, ma beakheads amakhala nthawi yayitali. M'chaka, mitundu iyi ya zokwawa imayamba nyengo yake yoswana.
Ndikoyenera kukumbukira kuti kutalika kwa nyengo yokhwima kumatsika ndi miyezo yathu mu Januware, koma ku New Zealand, masika amabwera nthawi ino. Chokwawa chimakula msinkhu pofika zaka 20, pafupifupi ngati anthu athu.
Mzimayi wapakati amayenda pafupifupi miyezi 10. Mkazi amatha kuikira mazira okwana 15. Amabisa mazira ake mosamala ndikuwasiya pamenepo kwa nthawi yonse yokwanira, yomwe imatha miyezi 15. Nthawi yotereyi ndi yachilendo kwa mitundu yonse yodziwika ya zokwawa.
Zamoyo, zomwe zimayenda pang'onopang'ono, zimalola tuatara kukhala ndi moyo wautali. Nthawi zambiri, zokwawa izi zimakhala ndi zaka zana limodzi.
Chinsinsi chokhala ndi moyo wautali ndichakuti zokwawa zimakhala ndi moyo wofanana, zikuwoneka kuti zilibe poti zitha kuthamangira, ndipo malo okhala m'mphepete mwa New Zealand, mwina, amachulukitsanso nthawi yayitali ya mitundu yodabwitsa ya zokwawa zomwe zidatsalira munthawi ya dinosaurs.
