Ponena za chodabwitsa ngati kumenyana ndi mitundu ya agalu, wina ayenera kuzindikira kuti padziko lapansi palibe ambiri, ndipo onse akufuna kupambana pa agalu awo ofanana. Kukhwima mtima kwa anthu sikuphatikizidwa: ana agaluwo nthawi yomweyo amapita kuukwati.
Mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya agalu omenyera
Zokonda m'malo osiyanasiyana padziko lapansi... Ku Land of the Rising Sun, kubetcha (kwenikweni komanso mophiphiritsa) kumachitika kubanja lanyumba ya Tosa Inu, ku Pakistan Bully Kutta (Pakistani Mastiffs) amasewera, ku Russia, nkhandwe ndi American Pit Bull Terriers nthawi zambiri amaphunzitsidwa, ku South America Fila Brasileiro amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pomenya galu ndi ma argentine mastiffs.
American Pit Bull Terrier
Anamutengera dala kuti akamenyane ndi agalu, ndipo makolo amtunduwu adamenya (pamndandanda wosasinthika) ndi zimbalangondo, ng'ombe zamphongo ndi nguluwe. Pambuyo poletsa kukweza ng'ombe ku England (1935), agalu amayenera kupangidwanso mbiri, kuphunzitsidwa kudyetsa ziweto, kusaka, komanso kusaka, kupulumutsa ndi kuteteza anthu.
Tsopano American Pit Bull Terrier ndi yotchuka kwambiri ku United States komanso kudera lakale la Soviet Union: ndi pano pomwe ikupitilizabe kumenya nkhondo ndi agalu, poganizira (popanda chifukwa) mtundu wankhanza kwambiri.
Ma Pit Bull Terriers onse amapatsidwa zikalata zochokera ku mabungwe azamisili ku US, popeza FCI kapena Russian Cynological Federation sanazindikire mtunduwu mpaka pano.
Pit Bull Terrier amawoneka ngati gladiator weniweni: ali ndi minofu yolimba, tsitsi lalifupi lolimba, mphuno yochititsa chidwi, khosi lolimba, chifuwa chachikulu, miyendo yolimba ndi nsagwada zamphamvu. Galu amakula mpaka 40-60 cm ndipo amalemera 20-36 kg.
Zofunika! Apatseni galu wanu zochitika zolimbitsa thupi kuti muchepetse mphamvu zake. Kuchulukitsa kwamaphunziro, kumachepetsa chiopsezo chowona kupwetekedwa kosalimbikitsa kwa munthu.
Pit Bull Terrier amadziwa kukhala wodekha (kuphatikiza ana) ndi maphunziro oyenera komanso kucheza ndi anzawo.
Tosa Inu
Nthano yankhondo yaku Japan molossus, wodekha komanso wamagazi ozizira kuti amalize kufanana. Mtunduwo udapangidwa makamaka kuti umenyane ndi agalu, kuwoloka agalu achiaborigine okhala ndi ma bulldogs, ma terriers a ng'ombe, ma mastiffs, zolozera, St. Bernards ndi mastiffs.
Kwawo - ukulu wa Tosa pafupifupi. Shikoku, komwe Tosa Inu adapezeka kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la khumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi. Ndi yayikulu (makilogalamu 40-60 okhala ndi kutalika kwa 60-80 cm) galu wa tsitsi lalifupi, wokhala ndi chigaza cholimba cholimba komanso kamwa yolimba. Ali ndi makutu onyowoka ndi khola pakhosi pake.
Mastiffs achi Japan akuwonetsa pafupifupi kutengeka konse, samamva kupweteka, amakhala okhazikika komanso osadalira, ndichifukwa chake amafunikira dzanja lamphamvu la mbuye wawo. Galu yemweyo amasankha zomwe zingawoneke ngati zowopsa, ndipo akamaliza, imachita ndi liwiro la mphezi komanso mwamphamvu.
Agalu azitsutsana amaphunzitsidwa kuyambira paunyamata. Maphunzirowa amafanana ndi mwambo wokhala ndi miyambo yambiri yaku Japan, ndipo nkhondoyo siyilola kukhetsa mwazi, pokhala chiwonetsero chazambiri. Galu yemwe wavulaza mdani amayenera kuyimitsidwa moyo wake wonse, ndichifukwa chake Tosa Inu akumenya sizimangovulaza kapena kufa.
Alabai
Molossus wina, adachokera kwa agalu akale osankhika aku Asuri ndi Egypt. Masiku ano, Central Asia Shepherd Agalu samangodyera komanso kuteteza ziweto, koma amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pomenya nkhondo za agalu (ku Russian Federation, Central Asia ndi Caucasus).
Popeza CAO idabadwira kuyang'anira / kuyendetsa ziweto, ali ndi chikhalidwe champhamvu komanso opirira modabwitsa. Alabai amakula mpaka 70 cm (chachimuna) cholemera 40 mpaka 80 kg. Mchira ndi makutu nthawi zambiri zimakhazikika.
Galuyo amakhala wodzipereka kwa mwini m'modzi, amasamalira mamembala ena. Kufuna kwa galu nthawi zina kumafikira pakulephera kutsatira lamulolo. Kuti asakumane ndi chifuniro cha Alabai, sayenera kuwonetsa kufooka kwake ndipo ayenera kukhala ochezeka mwachangu momwe angathere.
Musatenge Galu Wachibusa waku Central Asia ngati simukumvetsetsa zenizeni za mtundu wovuta komanso wamakani uwu. Kotero, zaka zambiri zapitazo mu USSR, pulogalamu inali fiasco, malinga ndi zomwe Alabai amayenera kuteteza malo ofunikira aboma. Zidapezeka kuti agalu sanaphunzitsidwe m'magulu, koma amafunikira njira yaumwini.
Fila brasileiro
Mitunduyi amadziwika kuti ndi yoopsa ku New Zealand, yomwe yaletsa kuitanitsa agalu amenewa. Lamulo lomweli likugwiranso ntchito m'maiko aku Australia omwe amaletsa kapena kuletsa kukhala ndi fila brasileiro. Nyama sizingathe kutumizidwa ku Republic of Cyprus, ndipo ku Israel, England ndi Norway, chigamulo chapadera cha khothi chidzafunika kupeza phylum.
Fila brasileiro ndi molossoid wokhala ndi mafupa akulu komanso khungu lopindidwa. Kutalika kumasiyanasiyana 60 mpaka 75 cm, ndi kulemera kwake kwa 40-50 kg.
Ndizosangalatsa! Kukana kwa akunja, kusandulika kukhala wankhanza mwachindunji, ndikobadwa m'majini, chifukwa cha zomwe fillet imakhululukidwa ngakhale kuweruza oweruza pazowonetsa komanso mpikisano.
Mkwiyo wofatsa si chifukwa chonyalanyazidwa, ndipo oweruza samalangizidwa (mwa muyeso waku Brazil) kuti agwire galu.
Fila brasileiro ndi galu kwa osankhika, omwe angathe kusintha mawonekedwe ake ovuta. Pogwiritsa ntchito mwaluso, mlonda wodalirika komanso bwenzi lenileni, womvera komanso wodzipereka, mosadziteteza amateteza osati achibale ake okha, komanso ziweto zina.
Wopezerera kutta
Pakistan imawerengedwa kuti ndi komwe ma mastiffs adabadwira, ngakhale mikangano yokhudza komwe idayambika sinathebe. Malinga ndi mtundu wina, agalu adabwera kuno ndi Aperisi, omwe adakakamiza makolo a Bully Kutta (pafupifupi 486-465 BC) kuti ateteze akapolowo. Pamene Aperisi adathamangitsidwa mdzikolo, agalu adatsala pano ngati omenyera komanso alonda.
Popita nthawi, obereketsa adasintha zakunja, ndikuchepetsa pang'ono kutalika kwa Bully Kutta (mpaka 85 masentimita atafota) ndi kulemera (mpaka 65-95 kg): izi zidathandizira kuwonjezera kuthamanga komanso kupirira kwa iye.
Mtunduwo umadziwika chifukwa chakukonda magazi kwake, madera awo komanso kuwopsa kwawo. Sizosadabwitsa kuti ma mastiff aku Pakistani anali ankhondo omenyera nkhondo, oletsedwa, koma nthawi zambiri amakhala kumadera akumidzi ku Pakistan ndi India.
Agalu ndi okhulupirika kwambiri kwa eni ake, koma ndi owopsa kwa ana ndipo samalola agalu ena oyandikana nawo (nthawi zambiri amapha omenyerawa pakumenyana m'dera lawo). Kutta wankhanza, wokwiya, wamphamvu komanso wamkulu, sioyenera kukhala mumzinda. Nthawi zambiri amasungidwa kunja kwa mzinda, m'mabwalo otsekedwa ndipo amapatsidwa masewera olimbitsa thupi.
Agalu Aubusa aku Caucasus
Msilikali wopanda mantha, wouma chifukwa cha nyengo yovuta ya mapiri a Caucasus. Makolo a Agalu Aubusa aku Caucasus adatumikirabe Asuri, kuteteza nyumba zawo ndi ziweto zawo. Siimodzi mwazakale kwambiri (zopitilira 2 zaka), koma pafupifupi mtundu waukulu kwambiri padziko lapansi.
Ndizosangalatsa! Ndi kutalika kwa 0,75 m, yamwamuna imalemera 50-110 kg ndi zina zambiri. Kukula kwakukulu kwa galu kumaperekedwa ndi malaya amtali, opangidwa ndi chovala chakuda chakuda (kupulumutsa ku chisanu choopsa).
Kuswana "aku Caucasus" ku USSR kudayamba mzaka za m'ma 20 zapitazo. Zitsanzo zabwino kwambiri zinali ndi mphamvu zodabwitsa, kulimba mtima, kulimba mtima, kuwona bwino ndikumvetsera mwachidwi, komanso ubweya wopanda chinyezi.
Mmbulu umagwiritsidwa ntchito kugawa dziko lapansi kukhala "abwenzi" ndi "alendo", komanso kumvera mbuye wawo mosagwirizana. Galu wa abusa aku Caucasus akadali mlonda wopanda wina: ndi wolimba mtima, wolimba komanso sakhulupirira alendo. Monga agalu ambiri oweta ziweto, "Waku Caucasus" amatenga chisankho akaukira gawo lake.
Mimbulu, yokhala ndi kukayikira kwachibadwa pamlingo wamtundu, komabe imadzipereka ku maphunziro, ndipo imafunikiranso kuyesayesa kwakanthawi ndikulanga mwamphamvu. Masiku ano, Agalu Abusa aku Caucasus samangoyang'anira, komanso amalowa mgulu pomenya nkhondo za agalu.
Dogue de bordeaux
Amati galu uyu samabwerera m'mbuyo pomenya nkhondo. Ndipo zikuwoneka ngati zowona: muyenera kungoyang'ana nkhope yake yoopindidwa, yokumbutsa nkhope ya nkhonya wokalamba. Inde, ndipo ma molossians amenewa adasinthidwa chifukwa cha nkhondo zochititsa chidwi (onse ndi abale awo komanso nyama zina).
Koma Akuluakulu a Danieli amadziwa momwe angamenyetsere - amasaka, kuteteza nyumba ndikukoka katundu. Opha nyama anawaphunzitsa kuyang'anira ziweto ndikuperekeza mitembo yonyamula kupita nayo kusitolo kuchokera kokaphedwa. Pankhondo yoyamba yapadziko lonse, ma mastiff adagwira ntchito yothandizira pakulamula omwe adanyamula ovulala kunkhondo.
Tsopano Dogue de Bordeaux yasungabe ntchito ziwiri - mlonda ndi womuteteza, wowopsa ndi thupi lakumbuyo, lowonjezedwa ndimiyeso yochititsa chidwi. French Mastiff imakula mpaka pafupifupi 0.7 m ndipo imalemera pafupifupi 50 kg (nthawi zina kuposa).
Mtunduwo ndi wadera ndipo umakhala wowopsa kwa aliyense amene amalowa popanda chilolezo. Galu mosazengereza akuthamangira kukateteza tsamba lake, mwini wake ndi okondedwa ake, pokhapokha ngati pali chifukwa. Zimphona izi sizikulimbikitsidwa m'mabanja omwe ali ndi ana ang'onoang'ono, komanso zimafunikira kuleredwa.
Wachimereka waku America
Mbale wa Pit Bull Terrier. Mizere iwiriyi (Amstaff ndi Pit Bull Terrier) adagawanika mu 1936, ndikupanga Staffordshire Terrier ngati mtundu wina. Panthawiyo, nyama imodzi inali ndi mitundu iwiri ndipo imalembetsedwa m'makalabu awiri: imodzi ngati American Pit Bull Terrier, inayo monga Staffordshire Terrier. Mu 1972, dzinali linawonjezedwa ndi mawu oti "American".
Kufanana kwa agaluwa ndikuti ngakhale eni ake a APBT kapena AST eni ake sangathe kusiyanitsa kusiyana kwa mitunduyo.
Ndizosangalatsa! Mwambiri, amstaff ndiochulukirapo, ofanana, otakata komanso amtendere kuposa APBT. Ndi chifukwa chamtundu waposachedwa pomwe Staffordshire Terrier ndiyotsika kwambiri poyerekeza ndi abale ake omenya agalu. Amakhulupirira kuti pa 100 aliwonse owopsa a pit bull terriers pali amstaff m'modzi yekha yemwe amatha kumenyera molimba mtima mpheteyo.
Koma ogwira nawo ntchito ali ndi zabwino zake - amaphunzitsidwa bwino, bola ngati atakhala olimbikitsidwa. Kukakamiza kulibe funso: kumabweretsa zowawa. Amstaffs ali ouma khosi, koma ozindikira, okonda, koma osagwirizana (osakwiya msanga). Mitunduyi siyikulimbikitsidwa kwa oyamba kumene ndipo imafunikira kugwira mwamphamvu chifukwa chofuna kulamulira.
Bullmastiff
Wobadwa ku Great Britain, yemwe makolo ake amatchedwa mastiffs (kuchokera kwa iwo omwe adalandira mphamvu zosawonongeka) ndi ma bulldogs, omwe adamupatsa khololo.
Izi ndi agalu amphamvu amtali (63-68.5 cm) omwe ali ndi masekeli 50 mpaka 59 makilogalamu. Awonetsa kuti ndi amphongo komanso chifuwa chachikulu, chovala chachifupi chonyezimira. Maonekedwe odabwitsa amalimbikitsidwa ndi mutu wolemera wokhala ndi chigoba chakuda chakuda.
Bullmastiff adasungidwa ngati "galu wosaka nyama usiku", akugwira nyama zosaka nyama. Obereketsa amayamikira agalu akuluakulu, oleza mtima, olimba mtima komanso osalankhula. Imodzi mwa mikhalidwe yomwe idalimidwa inali yaukali. Obereketsa akutsimikizira kuti tsopano ana agalu owopsa akuphedwa, ndipo ntchito yoswana ndiyopezera galu mnzake.
Eni ake akuyamika ziweto zawo chifukwa chokhoza kusintha moyo waumunthu: agalu amawatsatira mwachidwi akamathamanga kapena kuyenda modekha pakiyo (ngati mwini wake ndi wokalamba). Komabe, ma bullmastiff amakono akufunikirabe ngati achitetezo - amayang'anira mabanki, nyumba zazing'ono ndi maofesi.
Boerboel
Wobadwira wina waku Asuri, yemwe makolo ake adamenya nkhondo, sakudziwika ndi International Cynological Organisation. Ometa ambiri amatcha Boerboel theka-mtundu, wopanda mchira kapena wopanga zojambula, kukana ufulu wothandiza.
Ngakhale zitakhala bwanji, ma Boerboels aku South Africa alipo ndipo amalemekezedwa ndi mafani agalu omenyera nkhondo. Awa ndi agalu amphamvu ngati mastiff, omwe amafika 65-70 masentimita atafota ndikulemera makilogalamu 60 mpaka 90.
Ndizosangalatsa! Boerboels amakhulupirira zachibadwa zawo ndipo amayang'anitsitsa momwe zinthu ziliri, ndikupanga zisankho zodziyimira pakokha. Coarseness imagwirizanitsidwa ndi kutha msanga, kusinthasintha komanso kuchita mwachangu mphezi, ndi mphamvu - ndimathamanga othamanga.
Boerboel amakonda kulamulira ndipo mwina atha kutsutsana ndi mwini wake, yekhayo amene ali ndi mphamvu zenizeni pa iye. Agalu ovutawa amafunika kutopa kuti akhale athanzi komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zosungidwa.
Kupanda kutero, zovuta zimabweretsa zovutitsa zokha, kwa anthu komanso kwa alendo.
Ngati mukufuna kupeza galu womenyera
Choyamba, sankhani ngati chiweto chanu chichita nawo nkhondo za agalu. Ngati yankho lanu ndi inde, konzekerani ndalama zofunikira pantchito yolimbikira kuti mukhale wamkulu.
Galu womenyera nkhondo
Agalu omenyera nkhondo mosaloledwa (ndipo ku Russia makamaka ndi pit bull terriers) amaphunzitsidwa m'makola apadera ochokera kwa makolo omwe adadziwika ndewu zawo. Mudzafika ku nazale pokhapokha pamawu. Ogula nthawi yomweyo amatenga ana agalu (aakazi ndi aamuna) kuti apitirize kuswana.
Amayamba kuphunzitsa galu ali ndi miyezi 9-12. Mwini aliyense ali ndi chinsinsi chazophunzitsira galu womenyera, yemwe amasunga chinsinsi. Nthawi zambiri njira yophunzitsira imakhala ndi:
- kugwira ntchito pazida zophunzitsira mphamvu;
- kugwiritsa ntchito chopondera;
- zolimbitsa (galu amapachika mano ake atagwira khungu la ng'ombe);
- makilomita ambiri amathamanga.
Ndizosangalatsa! Eni ake ambiri amayang'ana kwambiri chakudya chokwanira chamasewera ndipo nawonso amapanga zakudya zomanga thupi, zomwe zina ndi mkaka wokhala ndi calcium.
Akatswiri akuchenjeza kuti kuchita nawo masewera a nkhonya agalu ndichinthu chapamwamba kwambiri. Kotero, mu 2013, wophunzira aliyense analipira ruble 1,000 pobwereka mphete, 2,000 - kwa veterinarian ndi woweruza. Chiwerengero cha ma ruble 5 zikwi kungolowa mphete.
Koma masewerawa, monga akunena, ndi ofunika kandulo. Osewera osachepera 30-40 amabwera kudzawonerera nkhondoyi, ndipo thumba la mphotho limayambira ku ruble 100 zikwi. Magalimoto ndi nyumba zili pangozi ngati kusiyanasiyana.
Mwa njira, okonzekera nkhondo zachinsinsi amati nthano yakufa kwakanthawi kwa agalu m'mano a mdani ndizamkhutu kwathunthu. Eni kapena oweruza sangalole izi, chifukwa amakonda ziweto zawo kwambiri.
Galu kunyumba
Galu wotereyu ayenera kukhala woyanjana naye mwachangu komanso moyenera, akumaphunzitsa osachepera ola limodzi ndi theka tsiku lililonse.
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mitundu yolimbana ndi nkhondo iphunzitse zodzitchinjiriza (ZKS), pomwe wophunzitsayo adzawunika momwe amachitira ndi nyama komanso momwe amasangalalira poteteza. Amakhulupirira kuti womulondera akuyenera athamangire komwe amapita pachiwopsezo, atayima kaye pakulira kwa mwiniwake.
Ngati mumadziphunzitsa galu nokha, chitani poyera (makamaka pakalibe anthu ndi agalu ena). Kulemekeza chiweto chanu kumawonetsa kuuma, koma osati nkhanza, ndipo koposa pamenepo, osati kulangidwa.... Galu amapatsidwa mphotho nthawi zonse chifukwa chotsatira lamulolo.
Pali malamulo osasinthika oyenda agalu omenyera:
- akuyenda pa leash lalifupi ndipo ali pamphuno ndi ololedwa;
- kuti musalimbane ndi ndewu, musapatse galu wa wina galu wanu;
- ngati kuwombana kwachitika, chiweto chimatengeredwa pambali, ndikumenyedwa (galu wokwiya samasisitidwa kapena kuthandizidwa: amatha kuluma);
- pakumenyana, nyama imakokedwanso ndi thupi ndi mchira wapansi.
Zofunika! Agalu omenyera nkhondo, monga ena onse, amafunika kupumula mwamphamvu (kuthana ndi zovuta zamkati). Kulumpha, kuthamanga ndikusewera kutola ndi katundu wopepuka kwambiri. Agalu amphamvuwa amafunikira masewera monga kuthamanga, kukoka zolemetsa, njinga zamoto ndi masewera othamanga.
Musaiwale kupangitsanso kuti galu azikhala wolimba kwambiri kuti apumitse bwino minofu ndikupangitsa kuti ntchitoyi ikhale yothandiza kwambiri. Maulendo ataliatali a 5 km, makamaka kawiri patsiku, amathandizanso kuthana ndi mavuto.
Kudziwika kwa agalu akumenyana
Mbiri yoyipa yamitundu yolimbana idayambika chifukwa cha eni osasamala omwe samadziwa kapena sakufuna kukweza miyendo yawo inayi.
Akatswiri ofufuza matendawa amakhulupirira kuti kuukira konse (kwa alendo komanso kwa eni eni) kumachitika chifukwa chosowa zolimbitsa thupi. Mphamvu, zomwe sizinapeze njira yotulutsira, imatsanulira mu galu mopitilira muyeso ndikupitilira muyeso wopanda chidwi.
Ndipo ndi bwino ngati mipando ndi zinthu zimakhala chinthu chothetsa mkwiyo.... Ndizomvetsa chisoni kwambiri kuwerenga zolemba zomwe zimawoneka nthawi ndi nthawi za anthu olumidwa ndikukhadzulidwa.
Pali lingaliro limodzi lokha: ngati palibe chikhumbo, chidziwitso, nthawi ndi mawonekedwe kuti mubweretse galu womenyera, musatenge ntchito yovutayi komanso yodalirika kwambiri. Gulani mwana wagalu wosavuta ngati chotchera chidole.
