Papillon Dog (yemwenso ndi Papillon, Continental Toy Spaniel, English Papillon) ndi galu mnzake, wochokera ku Europe. Pali mtundu wa mtundu - Phalene, yemwe amasiyana m'makutu okha. Padziko lonse lapansi amadziwika kuti ndi mitundu yosiyana, kupatula USA, komwe amadziwika kuti ndi mitundu yofanana.
Zolemba
- Ngakhale sizofanana pamtunduwo, mizere ina imatha kukhala yamantha, yamakani kapena yamanyazi. Izi ndi zotsatira za kuswana kosalamulirika pakatchuka kwambiri pamtunduwo.
- Osayenera kwa iwo omwe alibe nthawi ya galu wawo.
- Ana agalu ndi osalimba kwambiri ndipo amatha kuvulala chifukwa chogwiriridwa kapena kusasamala. Ndibwino kuti musakhale ndi agalu awa m'mabanja omwe ali ndi ana aang'ono.
- Agaluwa ali ndi vuto la anesthesia, lomwe liyenera kusungidwa mukamayendera veterinarian wanu.
- Ndi agalu olimba omwe amafunikira zochulukirapo kuposa kungoyendayenda m'nyumba.
- Amawukira nyama zina ndipo amatha kupha zazing'onozing'ono.
- Ena amakhalanso aukali kwa agalu ena ndipo amachita nawo nkhondo ndi mdani aliyense.
Mbiri ya mtunduwo
Papillon ndi amodzi mwamitundu yakale kwambiri ku Europe. Amakhulupirira kuti zaka za mtunduwo ndi zaka 700-800 ndipo mbiri ya mtunduwo imatha kutsatiridwa ndi utoto, momwe nthawi zambiri amawonetsedwa limodzi ndi eni ake.
Uwu wonse ndi umboni wopezeka, chifukwa m'masiku amenewo sizinkachitika kuti aliyense alembere agalu m'mabuku azoweta.
Pachikhalidwe, amatumizidwa ku gulu la spaniels, osati popanda chifukwa amatchedwanso Continental Toy Spaniels. Koma m'zaka zaposachedwa, ofufuza ena amakhulupirira kuti ndi a Spitz.
Tisapite kukangana, koma taganizirani za mbiriyakale ya kontinenti-omwe amakhala spaniel ambiri.
Kuyambira kale, olemekezeka aku Europe komanso amalonda akhala akusunga ma spaniel angapo ngati agalu anzawo. Panali mitundu yosiyanasiyana yosiyanasiyana ndipo sizikudziwika bwinobwino kuti papillon woyamba adapezeka liti, motani komanso kuti.
Umboni woyamba wakukhalapo kwawo ukhoza kupezeka pazithunzi za ojambula aku Italiya kuyambira 1500. Chifukwa cha izi, akukhulupirira kuti mtunduwu udachokera ku Italy chifukwa chodutsa ma spaniel ndi lapdog waku Malta, greyhound waku Italiya ndi agalu ena ang'onoang'ono.
Zojambula zambiri za ambuye aku Italiya a nthawi imeneyo amakhala ndi agalu amenewa. Titian adawonetsera galu woyera ndi wofiira pachithunzi chake Venus waku Urbino. Amakumbutsa kwambiri phalena wamakono, ndiye adadzitcha - spaniel wa Titian.
Kwa zaka mazana awiri zotsatira, ojambula adapitiliza kujambula agaluwa.
Mphamvu ya njirayi ingatsutsidwe, koma amakhulupirira kuti imathandiza kuchepetsa kufalikira kwa matenda. Ntchito inanso inali yotenthetsera mwini, ntchito yofunikira pakalibe kutentha kwapakati komanso zojambula.
Pansi pa Louis XIV kuyambira 1636 mpaka 1715, obereketsa adapanga galu mofanana ndi phalene wamakono. Amakhulupirira kuti izi zidachitika ndi obereketsa ochokera ku France ndi Belgium, komabe, munthu ayenera kupereka ulemu kwa ojambula omwe adapangitsa agaluwa kukhala apamwamba.
Kumapeto kwa 1700, mtundu ngati English Toy Spaniel udawonekera ndipo pofuna kupewa chisokonezo, mtunduwo udayamba kutchedwa Continental Toy Spaniel, kutanthauza kuti udachokera ku Europe.
Pofika nthawi imeneyo, mtunduwo sunali wotchuka monga nthawi ya Renaissance, koma uli ndi mafani ku Western Europe.
Mitunduyi idakhalabe ndi makutu onyowoka (monga Phalène) mpaka zaka za 19th, ngakhale zithunzi za agalu okhala ndi makutu owongoka zitha kupezeka pazithunzizo koyambirira kwa zaka za zana la 16. Sizikudziwika ngati mawonekedwe a mtunduwo amachokera pakusintha kwachilengedwe kapena kuwoloka ndi mtundu wina, monga Chihuahua.
Mu 1800 adatchuka kwambiri ku France ndi Belgium, komwe adadzitcha dzina. Mu French "papillon" ndi gulugufe, mtunduwo umatchedwa chifukwa makutu awo amafanana ndi mapiko a gulugufe.
Pofika 1900, papillon adayamba kutchuka kuposa phalene, ndipo agalu amitundu iwiri adayamba kutchedwa ndi dzinali, makamaka m'maiko olankhula Chingerezi. Pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo, mtundu wa agaluwa umayamba kusintha, pang'onopang'ono phale limakhala lokulirapo.
Ngati agalu a Titian anali oyera ndi ofiira, tsopano awoloka ndi mitundu ina ndipo mitundu yatsopano imawonekera.
Kuchokera mu 1850, magulu oyamba okonda agalu adayamba kupangidwa ndipo mu 1890, obereketsa aku Belgian adachita chidwi ndi mtunduwo. Nkhondo Yoyamba Yapadziko Lonse imalepheretsa kulembetsa bwino mtunduwo, koma mu 1922 gulu la agalu owonetsa ziwonetsero lidayamba, lomwe lingayambitse mapangidwe agalu amakono.
Mu 1923, English Kennel Club imavomereza mtunduwo, mchaka chomwecho kalabu yoyamba ya okonda mitundu imapangidwa.
Nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse ili mkati Europe, likulu lachitukuko lipita ku United States, komwe AKC idazindikira mtunduwu mu 1935.
Nkhondo itatha, anthu pang'onopang'ono amabwerera mwakale, ndipo pakapita nthawi, amakula kwambiri.
Amakula makamaka mzaka za m'ma 90, pomwe pali ana agalu osauka ambiri. Galu uyu amakhalabe mnzake kwa zaka mazana ambiri.
Ku Europe, Phalene ndi Papillon amawerengedwa kuti ndi mitundu yosiyana, chifukwa amakhulupirira kuti kuwoloka agalu okhala ndimakutu osiyanasiyana kumabweretsa ana agalu olakwika. Komabe, ku United States, amawerengedwa kuti ndi mtundu umodzi, wosiyanasiyana m'makutu.
Kufotokozera za mtunduwo
Mitunduyi imasokonezeka ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri - Chihuahua wokhala ndi tsitsi lalitali, ngakhale kufanana pakati pawo ndichachinyengo. Ngakhale amadziwika kuti ndi spaniel, ma papillon ambiri (makamaka omwe ali ndi makutu owongoka) amawoneka ngati Spitz.
Popeza uwu ndi mtundu wokongoletsera, simuyenera kuyembekezera kukula kwakukulu kuchokera pamenepo. Malinga ndi mtundu wa mtundu, amuna omwe amafota amafika 20-28 cm, akazi ndi ofanana. Kulemera kwa agalu ndi 3.6-4.5 kg. Ndi galu woyenera bwino ndipo ndiwofanana.
Poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina yokongola, iye ndi wolimba komanso wamphamvu, koma osati wolimba kapena wonenepa. Agalu ali ndi mchira wautali kwambiri womwe umanyamulidwa mmwamba ndipo gawo lina lagona mbali imodzi kumbuyo.
Galu ali ndi mphuno yowonekera kwambiri. Mutu ndi wofanana ndi thupi, wozungulira pang'ono. Mphuno ndi yocheperako kuposa mutu, kuyimilira kumatchulidwa. Mphuno iyenera kukhala yakuda, maso ali amdima, apakatikati. Mawonekedwe a maso ndiotchera komanso anzeru.
Makutu amitundu yonse iwiri ndi yayikulu kwambiri, okhala ndi maupangiri ozungulira. Mu papillon amakhala okhazikika, mu phalene omwe amapachikidwa, nthawi zonse amakhala ndi mphonje za tsitsi lalitali, lopachika pang'ono.
Ngakhale makutu amtunduwu, amatchuka ndi ubweya wawo. Awa ndi agalu okhala ndi malaya ataliatali, otalika omwe alibe chovala mkati.
Chovalacho ndi chakuda, chowongoka, chachitali pachifuwa. Tsitsi lalifupi kwambiri pamutu, pamphuno, kutsogolo kwa miyendo.
Makutu ndi mchira zili ndi ubweya wabwino, nthawi zina zimawoneka ngati zosamveka. Pali mathalauza kumbuyo kwa miyendo yakumbuyo.
Nthawi ina agaluwa anali amitundu yosiyanasiyana, kenako mu 1920 agalu a monochrome adabwera m'mafashoni. Zamakono ndizosiyana ndi mtundu wawo woyera, wokhala ndi mawanga amitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mawanga amtundu uliwonse amaloledwa kupatula buluu.
Makutu akuyenera kukhala achikuda, agalu abwino ali ndi mzere woyera womwe umalekanitsa mphuno, ndipo mawanga pambali pake ndi ofanana. Malo, kukula, mawonekedwe amalo ena pathupi zilibe kanthu.
Khalidwe
Kutchuka kwa mtunduwo kunasewera nthabwala yankhanza, ana agalu ambiri omwe anali osakhazikika adawonekera, popeza palibe amene adalabadira mtundu wawo. Kuphatikiza apo, ngakhale ana agalu a papillon osayera amatha kusiyanasiyana kwambiri pamakhalidwe. Komabe, malingaliro ena onse atha kupezedwa.
Khalidwe ndi losiyana ndi mitundu yambiri yokongoletsa. Ndiwochita nawo ntchito mwamphamvu, osati ogona pabedi. Ngakhale ambiri aiwo amakonda kugona pamiyendo ya mwininyumba, sali okonzeka kutero kwa maola ambiri. Kulibwino kuyendayenda m'nyumba kapena kusewera.
Iyi ndi galu mnzake, wophatikizidwa modabwitsa ndi mwini wake. Ena amakhalabe galu wa mwini m'modzi moyo wawo wonse, ena amakhalanso ogwirizana ndi mamembala onse.
Ndi kuleredwa koyenera, amalemekeza alendo, koma amakhala ochepa. Komabe, ngati muwapatsa nthawi yokwanira, imasungunuka ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito. Wembala watsopano akawoneka m'banjamo, amalandira.
Agalu amenewo omwe sanakhalepo pachiyeso amakumana ndi mayeso akakumana ndi mlendo. Amatha kuwonetsanso kupsa mtima pang'ono, kuwonekera pakukuwa.
Chofunika kwambiri pamtunduwu ndi malingaliro abwino kwa ana. Ndipo si agalu onse okongoletsera omwe angadzitamande pa izi. Amakonda kukhala limodzi ndi ana okulirapo (azaka 7-9), chifukwa amakhala ofatsa komanso osamalika pochita ndi galu.
Koma ndi ana aang'ono, muyenera kukhala osamala, makamaka ngati m'nyumba muli ana agalu. Kusamalira mwankhanza komanso mosasamala kumatha kuvulaza galu. Kuphatikiza apo, sakonda kuzunzidwa (ndipo ndani?), Amatha kukuwa kapena kubwezera m'mbuyo. Ngakhale nthawi zambiri amangothawa.
Ngakhale amakhala ochepa, ma papillon samacheza nthawi zonse ndi agalu ena. Amatha kukhala paketi, koma amakonda kukhala ndi agalu awiri kapena atatu. Amayesa kupondereza agalu ena, ngakhale samachita zankhanza kwambiri. Ambiri amayesa kunena kuti ndiwopambana akamakumana ndi galu wina poyesa kuwopseza komanso kuuwa.
Kuphatikiza apo, ngati vutoli livomerezedwa, samathawa ngakhale mdani ali wamkulu kuposa iwo. Ili ndi vuto, chifukwa otsutsa ambiri amatha kupha galu, ngakhale mwadala. Ngakhale sakhala zovuta, atha kulowa m'mavuto akulu.
Ndikofunika kuyambitsa agalu atsopano pang'onopang'ono komanso mosamala. Mwachilengedwe, chinthu chophweka kwambiri kwa iwo ndikucheza ndi galu wofanana kukula kwake komanso mawonekedwe ake.
Chodabwitsa ndichakuti, samayanjananso ndi nyama zina. Agaluwa adasunga zikhalidwe zambiri zosaka kuposa mitundu ina yokongoletsa.
Amakonda kuthamangitsa aliyense, amatha kupha abuluzi, mbewa. Agalu ambiri amazolowera amphaka ndipo amakhala mwamtendere limodzi. Komabe, nthawi zina amatha kuwasokoneza poyesa kusewera.
Papillons ndi amodzi mwamitundu yanzeru kwambiri pakati pa agalu okongoletsa. Ndi kakang'ono kokha komwe kali patsogolo pawo, chifukwa chake amatha kuphunzira chinyengo chilichonse kapena lamulo.
Ambiri amamvera malamulo a eni ake ndipo amaphunzitsidwa mophweka, makamaka ngati atamandidwa kapena kuthandizidwa. Komabe, ndi anzeru ndipo sizikudziwika kuti ndani amaphunzitsa ndani. Galu amazindikira msanga zomwe zili zabwino kwa iye ndi zomwe sizili ndipo amakhala moyenerera.
Ndi agalu olimba kwambiri, mwamphamvu mwamphamvu. Ngati atapanga agalu amphamvu kwambiri pakati pa mitundu yokongoletsa, amakhala wachiwiri kwa Miniature Pinscher. Sangakhutitsidwe ndiulendo waufupi; zolimbitsa thupi ndizofunikira.
Ndibwino kulola galu kuthamangitsidwa momasuka, ndiye pamalo abwino. Amatha kupeza bowo kukhoma lodalirika kapena kutuluka pachipata nthawi ina iliyonse.
Agalu ambiri amakhala odekha kunyumba ngati atayenda bwino panja, komabe amayang'anitsitsa malowo. Ndi ocheperako komanso okangalika, kotero eni ake amamva ngati safunikira kuyenda.
Zomwe amalipira. Ngati sanapeze kotulutsa mphamvu zake mumsewu, ndiye kuti adzaipeza kunyumba.
Ndibwino kuti mumulowetse, makamaka chifukwa amatha kusewera kwa maola ambiri. Ngati mukufuna galu yemwe sangakusokonezeni mukamaonera TV, ndibwino kuti musankhe mtundu wina.
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mawonekedwe amtunduwu ndimakonda kukuwa. Ma papillon amakoka komanso kumafuula kwambiri. Kuphunzitsa kumatha kuthandiza, koma ngakhale agalu omwe ali ndi ulemu kwambiri amakalipa kuposa agalu ena. Nthawi yomweyo, kukuwa ndikosangalatsa komanso kothandiza.
Mavuto ambiri pamakhalidwe a Papillon ndi chifukwa cha matenda ang'onoang'ono agalu. Chifukwa chake, ndizovuta kufotokoza mtundu weniweni wa mtunduwo, chifukwa agalu ambiriwa amakhala ndi vuto limodzi kapena lina.
Matenda agalu ang'onoang'ono amapezeka agalu omwe eni ake samachita nawo monganso galu wamkulu. Samakonza zosalongosoka pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zambiri mwazidziwitso. Amaziwona zoseketsa galu wa kilogalamu akulira ndikuluma, koma zowopsa ngati ng'ombe yamphongo imachita zomwezo.
Ichi ndichifukwa chake ambiri amachoka pa leash ndikudziponyera agalu ena, pomwe owerengeka ochepa kwambiri amachitanso chimodzimodzi. Agalu omwe ali ndi matenda ang'onoang'ono a canine amakhala achiwawa, olamulira, ndipo nthawi zambiri samalamulira.
Ngakhale galu wocheperako sangathe kuvulaza munthu, nthawi zambiri amatha kuphedwa chifukwa cholumidwa ndi munthu (makamaka mwana) kapena kugwidwa ndi galu wamkulu yemwe amamva kufunika kothana ndi agalu ang'onoang'ono.
Mwamwayi, izi nthawi zonse zimatha kupewedwa ngati eni ake akumbukira momwe angalere agalu awo moyenera.
Chisamaliro
Tsitsi lalitali la papillon limafunikira chidwi. Muyenera kupesa tsiku ndi tsiku, poyesera kuti musapweteke. Ndi chisamaliro chabwinobwino, izi sizikhala zoposa maola awiri pa sabata.
Nthawi ndi nthawi, galu amafunika kusamba, ngakhale alibe fungo lapadera komanso ndi oyera. Makamaka ayenera kulipidwa kuti makutu a phalene akhale oyera.
Maonekedwe ndi kukula kwawo zimathandizira kudzikundikira kwa dothi, mafuta, madzi ndi kutupa.
Ngakhale atavala chovala chachitali, agalu amazizira kuzizira komanso nyengo yonyowa chifukwa alibe malaya amkati.
Zaumoyo
Iyi ndi imodzi mwa agalu amoyo wautali kwambiri. Nthawi yokhala ndi moyo ndi zaka 12-14, koma nthawi zambiri amakhala zaka 16-17.
Agalu ochokera ku kennel wabwino ali ndi thanzi labwino, akudwala matenda amtundu nthawi zambiri kuposa mitundu ina. Zaumoyo m'njira zambiri zimadalira kennel, popeza zabwino zimayang'anira agalu awo, posankha zokhazokha komanso zamaganizidwe.
