Pomeranian kapena Pomeranian (Pomeranian ndi Pom Pom) ndi mtundu wa galu wotchedwa dzina la dera la Pomeranian, womwe wagawanika pakati pa Poland ndi Germany. Mitunduyi imadziwika kuti yokongoletsa, koma imachokera ku Spitz yayikulu, mwachitsanzo, kuchokera ku Germany Spitz.
International Cynological Federation imawasankha ngati mitundu yaku Spitz yaku Germany ndipo m'maiko ambiri amadziwika kuti Zwergspitz (Spitz yaying'ono).
Zolemba
- Pomeranian spitz amaguwa kwambiri ndipo izi zimatha kukhumudwitsa oyandikana nawo.
- Ndizovuta kuwaphunzitsa kuchimbudzi, zimatenga nthawi komanso khama.
- Kutentha ndi chinyezi kumatha kubweretsa kutentha ndi kufa kwa galu. Mukamayenda, muyenera kuwunika galu momwemo ndikuchitapo kanthu nthawi yomweyo zikakulirakulira.
- Awa ndi agalu oweta, osakhoza kukhala pa tcheni komanso mnyumba ya ndege.
- Amagwirizana bwino ndi ana, koma ndibwino kusungidwa m'banja momwe muli ana achikulire. Amakhala osalimba komanso okonda ufulu kwa ana ang'onoang'ono.
- Ngakhale anali ochepa, Pomeranian Spitz amamva ngati galu wamkulu. Pokwiyitsa agalu akulu, amatha kuvutika kapena kufa. Pofuna kuti izi zisachitike, galu amafunika kuphunzitsidwa ndikulowa m'malo mwa mtsogoleriyo.
- Ndi agalu aang'ono koma opambana. Mwini akagonjera, iwonso azidziona ngati mtsogoleri wa paketiyo ndipo azichita zomwezo. Osavomerezeka kwa obereketsa oyamba kumene.
Mbiri ya mtunduwo
Omwe anali mgulu lakale la Spitz, a Pomeranian adabadwa kale asanabadwe mabuku oyamba. Mbiri ya mtunduwo imakhala ndi malingaliro ndi malingaliro, pomwe pali malingaliro ambiri. Amakhulupirira kuti Pomeranian Spitz adachokera ku Spitz wamkulu ndipo adawonekera kudera la Pomeranian.
Mawu oti Pomeranian adayamba kuyitanira agalu okhala ndi tsitsi lalitali, lakuda, makutu owongoka komanso owongoka komanso mchira wopindika kukhala mpira. Gulu ili limaphatikizapo mitundu ingapo yamitundu padziko lonse lapansi: Keeshond, Chow Chow, Akita Inu, Alaskan Malamute.
Ngakhale Schipperke amatchedwa Spitz, ngakhale ali mbusa. Spitz ndi amodzi mwamagulu akale kwambiri; ankagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati agalu olondera, agalu omata, komanso agalu oweta.
Akatswiri ambiri amakhulupirira kuti ali ndi zaka 6,000 mpaka 7,000, ndipo mwina zochulukirapo. Nthawi ina amakhulupirira kuti Spitz adachokera mwachindunji ku nkhandwe yaku Siberia.
Komabe, kafukufuku waposachedwa akuwonetsa kuti agalu onse amachokera ku mimbulu yochokera ku India, China ndi Middle East, kenako amafalikira ku Europe konse.
Agalu oyamba atabwera kumpoto kwa Europe, adagwidwa ndi mimbulu yakomweko, oyenera kukhala ndi moyo m'malo ovuta. Umboni woyamba wakupezeka kwa Spitz udayamba m'zaka za 4th-5th BC ndipo udapezeka ku Norway.
Agaluwa adazolowera nyengo yakumpoto ndipo ndizofala.
Pomerania mwachizolowezi wakhala amodzi mwa zigawo zakumpoto kwambiri ku Germany kumalire ndi Nyanja ya Baltic. Malire a dera amasintha nthawi ndi nthawi, koma, monga lamulo, anali m'malire a Strasbourg ndi Gdansk. Pambuyo pa nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse, Pomerania inagawanika pakati pa Germany ndi Poland.
Chifukwa choyandikira ku Sweden, Spitz anali amodzi mwa mitundu yofala kwambiri m'derali. Pamene Johann Friedrich Gmelin adalemba kope la 13 la The System of Nature, adayitanitsa onse a Spitz Canis pomeranus.
Sizikudziwika kuti ndi liti, koma nthawi ina Spitz yaying'ono idayamba kuyamikiridwa ndipo pakati pa zaka za zana la 16, kuswana kwa agalu ang'onoang'ono ndi ang'onoang'ono kunayamba. Mitundu ya lalanje idachokera, pamakhala kusagwirizana. Zimaganiziridwa kuti kuchokera ku Keeshond kapena ku Germany Spitz, koma nkutheka kuti Volpino Italiano, Spitz yaying'ono yaku Italiya, idagwiritsidwanso ntchito poswana.
Kutchulidwa koyamba kwa Pomeranian kumapezeka m'buku ndi James Boswell, lofalitsidwa mu 1764. Mtunduwu umatchulidwanso ndi a Thomas Pennant m'buku lake lotchedwa A Journey through Scotland, lofalitsidwa mu 1769.
Pomeranian Spitz yoyamba inali yayikulu kuposa agalu amakono ndipo imalemera 13 mpaka 22 kg. Kusinthaku kudabwera banja lachifumu ku Britain litayamba kutchukitsa mtunduwo; mu 1767, Mfumukazi Charlotte waku Mecklenburg-Strelitz adabweretsa anthu angapo aku Pomerani ku England.
Agaluwa adawonetsedwa ndi wojambula a Thomas Gainsborough. Ngakhale ndizokulirapo kuposa zamakono, ndizofanana kwambiri. Mdzukulu wa Mfumukazi Charlotte, Mfumukazi Victoria adakhala woweta mtunduwu. Ndiwo amene adatenga miniaturization ndikudziwika kwa Pomeranian.
Mfumukaziyi idapanga nyumba yayikulu komanso yotchuka, yomwe ntchito yake yayikulu ndikuchepetsa kukula kwa agalu. Pa moyo wake wonse, adapitilizabe kuitanitsa ma Pomeranians ochokera ku Europe konse, akuyesera kupeza mitundu yambiri momwe angathere.
Mmodzi mwa okondedwa ake anali galu wotchedwa Windsor's Marco '. Mfumukazi idagula ku Florence mu 1888, ndipo mu 1891 adawonetsa chiwonetsero cha agalu, komwe chidawonekera.
Okonda Chingerezi komanso okonda mitundu adakhazikitsa kalabu yoyamba mu 1891. Chaka chomwecho adzalemba mtundu woyamba wa mtundu. Pofika nthawiyo, a Pomeranians adzafika ku United States, ndipo ngakhale tsiku lenileni silikudziwika, mu 1888 anali atadziwika kale ndi American Kennel Club (AKC).
Mu 1911 American Pomeranian Club (APC) idapangidwa, ndipo mu 1914 United Kennel Club (UKC) nazindikiranso mtunduwo. M'kupita kwa zaka za zana la 20, adzakhala amodzi mwa mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ku US, popeza ndi owala komanso ophunzitsidwa bwino.
Mwa njira, agalu atatu okha ndi omwe adapulumuka ngoziyi pa Titanic. Awiri a Pomeranian spitz, omwe alendo adatenga nawo pamabwato opulumutsa anthu ndi Newfoundland omwe adakwanitsa kupulumuka m'madzi oundana.
Pomeranian Spitz akupitilizabe kutchuka m'zaka zonse za m'ma 1900. Mu 1980 padali pachimake pomwe mtunduwo udakhala umodzi wodziwika kwambiri padziko lapansi. Komabe, kutchuka kumeneku sikunakhaleko kosatayika chifukwa cha mtunduwo.
Cholinga cha obereketsa ena chinali phindu chabe, sanasamale za agalu, mawonekedwe awo ndi psyche.
Izi zidapangitsa kuti agalu ambiri azikhala ndi thanzi lofooka komanso psyche wosakhazikika. Agalu oterewa awononga mbiri komanso mtundu wawo wonse.
Ngati mupita kukagula Pomeranian, ndiye kuti mungosankha kennel wapamwamba kwambiri komanso woweta wodalirika.
Pomeranian ndi amodzi mwamitundu yotchuka kwambiri ku United States komanso padziko lonse lapansi. Mu 2012, adawerengedwa kuti ndi 15 pamitundu 167 yotchuka ku United States. Onse a United Kennel Club ndi AKC amaganiza kuti Pomeranian ndi mtundu wosiyana, koma International Cynological Organisation ndi mtundu wa Germany Spitz, osati mtundu. Ndizosangalatsa kuti keeshond imawonedwanso ngati mitundu.
Kufotokozera za mtunduwo
Pomeranian ndi Pomeranian wamba, koma ndi ochepa kwambiri kuposa ena onse. Amatchuka ndi malaya awo apamwamba, odula komanso mawonekedwe ngati nkhandwe. Monga galu wokongoletsera, Pomeranian ndi ochepa kwambiri.
Kutalika kwa kufota kumachokera pa masentimita 18 mpaka 22, kulemera kwake ndi makilogalamu 1.4-3.5. Otsatsa ena amapanga agalu ang'onoang'ono kwambiri, ngakhale zazikulu zimapezeka, opitilira 5 kg.
Monga ambiri a Pomeranians, ndi galu wamtundu wofanana. Mulingo wamtunduwu umafuna kuti ukhale wofanana kutalika ndi kutalika.
Thupi lalikulu lalanje limabisika pansi pa ubweya wakuda, mchira wake ndi wautali wapakatikati, wagona kumbuyo.
Mphuno ndi yofanana ndi Spitz. Mutu wake ndi wofanana ndi thupi ukawawona kuchokera kumwamba, koma woboola pakati.
Chigaza ndi chozungulira, koma chosakhazikika. Mphuno ndi yaifupi komanso yopapatiza. Maso ndi apakatikati kukula, mdima wakuda, ndikutulutsa koipa, kofanana ndi nkhandwe.
Makutu owongoka, osongoka amathandizanso kufanana ndi nkhandwe. Ana agalu a Pomeranian amabadwa ndi makutu opachika ndipo amadzuka akamakula.
Chikhalidwe cha mtunduwo ndi chovala chakuda, chachitali, chovala kawiri. Chovalacho ndi chofewa, cholimba komanso chachifupi, pomwe chovalacho ndi cholimba, chowongoka komanso chowala. Chovalacho ndi chachifupi pamphuno, kutsogolo kwa zikhomo, zikhomo, koma thupi lonse ndi lalitali komanso lochuluka.
Pakhosi, tsitsi limapanga mane. Onetsani agalu a m'kalasi sayenera kudulidwa, kupatula paws ndi malo ozungulira anus.
Eni a galu woweta nthawi zambiri amawachepetsa kuti asatenthedwe m'miyezi yotentha.
Pomeranian Spitz akhoza kukhala amitundumitundu, pafupifupi onse ndiolandilidwa. Zomwe zimapezeka kwambiri ndi zoyera, zakuda ndi zonona.
Khalidwe
Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mizere yosiyanasiyana, obereketsa ndi ziweto, zimakhala zovuta kufotokoza mtundu wa Pomeranian. Nthawi zambiri amangoganiza za phindu ndipo, chifukwa chake, kutuluka kwa agalu ambiri omwe ali ndi psyche yosakhazikika.
Ndi amanyazi, amanyazi, komanso okwiya, mikhalidwe yomwe anthu aku Pomeranians alibe.
Ngati tilingalira za mtundu wonsewo, ndiye kuti ndi galu mnzake kuchokera kumapeto kwa mphuno mpaka kumapeto kwa mchira, womwe umakonda kukhala pafupi ndi eni ake. Komabe, ndizodziyimira pawokha kuposa mitundu yambiri yokongoletsa ndipo sizokakamira.
Ena mwa iwo amavutika ndikudzipatula kwa mwiniwake, koma ili ndi vuto la momwe adaleredwera, popeza ambiri a iwo amapirira moleza mtima.
Anthu a ku Pomerani ndi ochezeka komanso aulemu kwa alendo, ngakhale amangokhalira kufikako. Amayandikira anthu atsopano, koma osati nthawi yomweyo, koma patapita kanthawi.
Ena atha kukhala amantha kapena owopsa, koma izi sizomwe zimachitika pamtunduwo, koma chifukwa chakuleredwa molakwika. Mtunduwo umakonda abale onse, ngakhale agalu ena atha kukonda imodzi.
Pomeranians sakuvomerezeka kuti azikhala ndi ana ochepera zaka 8. Sikuti samakonda ana, koma kungoti ndi ochepa komanso osalimba mokwanira. Amatha kuvulala pamasewera wamba, ndipo sangayime mwamwano komanso mopanda ulemu. Kuphatikiza apo, ali ndi malo awoawo, pomwe ana ambiri samatha kumvetsetsa kuti ndi chiyani ndikusiya galu yekha. Koma ndi ana okulirapo, amapeza chilankhulo chokwanira, ngati amalemekeza galu.
Ndizomveka kuti galu wamng'ono ngati ameneyu sangakhale galu woyang'anira kapena woyang'anira. Koma, amatha kuchenjeza mwiniwake za kuyandikira kwa alendo mothandizidwa ndi mawu. Ngakhale ndizodzikongoletsera, ndizopambana pang'ono ndipo sizikulimbikitsidwa kuti zisungidwe ndi oweta agalu osadziwa zambiri.
Malalanje amakhala bwino ndi ziweto zina. Ndi mayanjano oyenera, palibe zovuta ndi agalu ena, komanso, amakonda anzawo.
Nthawi yomweyo, ndizovuta kwa agalu amtunduwu ndipo masewera awo amadabwitsa eni mitundu ina yokongoletsa. Ena atha kuvutika ndi nsanje ngati mwini wake atenga chidwi ndi wina, koma azolowere msanga. Ena atha kukhala opitilira muyeso, makamaka chifukwa chakuleredwa molakwika, pomwe galu amadziona kuti ndiye wamkulu mnyumba.
Agaluwa ndi ovuta kuyenda nawo, chifukwa amatsutsa ena ngakhale ali ndi kukula kwake ndipo amatha kuwopseza ana.
Ngakhale amafanana ndi nkhandwe, malalanje alibe chidziwitso chakusaka. Ndi mayanjano oyenera, samalabadira nyama zina, kuphatikizapo kukhala bwino ndi amphaka. M'malo mwake, aang'ono kwambiri mwa iwo onse ali pachiwopsezo, chifukwa agalu akulu amatha kuwalakwitsa ngati nyama.
Komabe, munthu sayenera kuiwala kuti onsewa ndi agalu ofanana ndipo kuthamangitsa buluzi kapena gologolo sizachilendo kwa iwo.
Mosiyana ndi mitundu ina yokongoletsa, Pomeranian ndiyosavuta kuphunzitsa. Ndiwanzeru komanso amatha kuchita zidule zosiyanasiyana, ndichifukwa chake amadziwika kwambiri m'mabwalo azisudzo.
Ngati mutenga nthawi ndikuyesetsa kuphunzitsa lalanje, mutha kukhala ndi galu yemwe amatha kuchita zambiri kuposa mitundu ina yokongoletsa.
Komabe, ili kutali ndi galu wosavuta kuphunzitsa. Ambiri a iwo ndi ouma khosi komanso odzidalira. Muyenera kucheza nawo, koma ndizofunikira. Pomeranians amachita bwino pomvera, koma otsika poyerekeza ndi mitundu monga malire a collie ndi poodle.
Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuwonetsa galu yemwe ndi bwana mnyumba nthawi zonse, chifukwa samvera malamulo a munthu amene amamuwona ngati wonyozeka. Ndiye chifukwa chake amangomvera amene amamudziwa bwino. Nthawi zina amakhala m'modzi kapena awiri.
Maphunziro achimbudzi ndi ovuta kwambiri. Mitundu yazing'ono imakhala ndi chikhodzodzo chochepa kwambiri chomwe sichimatha kusunga zomwe zili mkatimo nthawi yayitali. Komabe, ndi ochepa okwanira kuchita bizinesi kumbuyo kwa masofa, mafiriji ndi mipando. Izi zimapangitsa kuti azipezedwa mochedwa kwambiri osayimitsidwa.
Galu wamng'ono uyu ali ndi mphamvu zambiri ndipo ali ndi zofunikira kwambiri zolimbitsa thupi zamtundu uliwonse. Amafuna kuyenda tsiku ndi tsiku tsiku lililonse, koma mwayi wothamanga momasuka ndibwino.
Popeza ubweya wawo umawateteza ku nyengo yoipa, amasangalala nthawi yozizira, mosiyana ndi zoseweretsa zina. Ngakhale kuti awa si agalu ogona ndipo amafunikira katundu, anthu ambiri amutauni amawakhutira mosavuta.
Iyi si galu woweta, omwe amafunikira ma marathons, komabe ndi mitundu yokongoletsa.
Mwa njira, kusowa ntchito ndichimodzi mwazifukwa zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azichita zoyipa. Mphamvu zimakula, galu amatopa ndipo amafunika kusangalatsidwa mwanjira ina.
Ngati galu adayenda, kusewera, ndiye kuti kunyumba alibe mphamvu kapena chidwi chofuna kusewera. Inde, amakhalabe olimba komanso achidwi, koma osawononga.
Eni ake omwe akuyenera kukhala nawo ayenera kudziwa kuti anthu aku Pomerani amakonda kuuwa. Kuti muchepetse izi, muyenera kuphunzitsa galu kuyambira masiku oyamba. Maphunziro amathandizira kuchepetsa kwambiri kukuwa, komabe amafuula kuposa mitundu ina.
Iyi si phokoso limodzi, koma mndandanda wonse wamavuto. Nthawi yomweyo, kukuwa ndikokweza komanso kosangalatsa, ngati simukukonda, ndiye lingalirani za mtundu wina. Kukuwa ndiko kudandaula kofala kwambiri kwa galu, pomwe mosavutikira kumakhala koyenera kukhala mumzinda.
Monga mitundu yonse yokongoletsa, malalanje amatha kutchedwa matenda ang'onoang'ono agalu. Matendawa amadziwika m'mitundu yokongoletsa, popeza amakulira mosiyana ndi agalu akulu.
Mukawona galu wokongoletsa yemwe amakokera mwini wake kumbuyo kwake, amakalipa kwambiri kwa aliyense ndikuthamangira, ndiye kuti muli ndi mawonekedwe amtunduwo. Izi ndichifukwa choti eni ake akuwoneka kuti agalu otere safunika kuleredwa, ndi ochepa. Simungachite galu ngati munthu, ngakhale ikhale yokongola komanso yokongola bwanji! Chifukwa chake, mumamukhumudwitsa, chifukwa simumchitira munthu ngati galu?
Chisamaliro
Aliyense amene wawonapo galu uyu, zikuwonekeratu kuti pamafunika kudzikongoletsa kwambiri. Muyenera kupesa malaya tsiku lililonse, chifukwa zingwe zimatha kupanga kulikonse.
Mofananamo ndi kutsuka, muyenera kuyang'ana khungu, popeza tsitsi lalitali komanso lalitali limatha kubisa mavuto ngati zilonda, chifuwa ndi kukanda.
Kuti akhale bwino kwambiri, a Pomeranian amafunikira maola ochepa sabata iliyonse. Ngakhale kuti safuna chithandizo cha akatswiri, eni ake ena amakonda kupita kwa iwo.
Nthawi zina eni ziweto amawadula, chifukwa kudula kumeneku kumafunikira kudzikongoletsa pang'ono ndipo galu amalekerera kutentha mosavuta.
Pomeranians molt mwamphamvu kwambiri, ndipo ambiri amachita mosalekeza. Ubweya ukhoza kuphimba pansi, makalapeti ndi mipando. Zolimbitsa nyengo zimawonedwa kawiri pachaka, pomwe zimasungunuka kwambiri.
Pomeranian mwina ndi mtundu wokhetsedwa kwambiri pakati pa agalu onse okongoletsa ndipo pali ubweya wochulukirapo kuposa mitundu yayikulu. Ngati inu kapena abale anu simukugwirizana ndi tsitsi la agalu, ndiye kuti muyenera kulingalira mtundu wina.
Zaumoyo
Monga momwe zimakhalira, ndizovuta kufotokoza thanzi la mtundu wonsewo. Nthawi zambiri, kafukufuku wamatenda azaumoyo ndi majini samachitika konse, osatinso kuchotsa agaluwa kuti asaswane.
Komabe, agalu okhala ndi mizere yabwino ali ndi thanzi labwino komanso osadzichepetsa. Mtundu uwu ndi wofanana ndi nkhandwe, yocheperako pang'ono, motero, imakhala yathanzi kwambiri kuposa mitundu ina yoyera.
Ndipo sikoyenera kuyankhula za mitundu yokongoletsa. Kutalika kwa moyo wa a Pomeranian kumachokera zaka 12 mpaka 16, ndipo samadwala matenda ngakhale atakalamba.
Mtunduwo umakhala ndi mwayi wokutira mavuto chifukwa chakukula komanso kutalika kwake. Imagwa mosavuta ndipo mphasa amapangidwa, kuchotsa komwe kumakhala kovutirapo galu. Nthawi zambiri amavutika ndi alopecia (dazi), pomwe mbali ina ya thupi tsitsi limayamba kutha m'malo.
Spitz amadwala matenda akhungu akuda kapena "Black skin disease" mchingerezi. Chovalacho chagweratu ndipo khungu limasanduka lakuda, ndipamene dzinali limachokera. Matendawa samamveka bwino ndipo nthawi zambiri amasokonezeka ndi mitundu ina ya tsitsi.
Matendawa ndiwodzikongoletsa, sawopseza galu ndi moyo, koma amachepetsa kutonthoza.
M'zaka zaposachedwa, utoto wosakanikirana watchuka kwambiri, koma agalu amtunduwu amadwala matenda angapo. Ndi chifukwa cha izi iwo ali osayenera m'mabungwe ambiri a canine.
Nthawi zambiri amakhala ogontha ndipo amakhala ndi mavuto ambiri owonera, kuphatikiza kukakamizidwa kwa intraocular ndi colombus. Kuphatikiza apo, kusokonezeka pantchito yamanjenje, minofu ndi mafupa.
Kutaya mano koyambirira ndi mawonekedwe amtunduwu; tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muziwadyetsa chakudya chowuma.
Imodzi mwa mitundu yomwe ili ndi ana agalu ochepa kwambiri. Malinga ndi magwero osiyanasiyana, kuyambira 1.9 mpaka 2.7 pafupifupi.
