Nyama za ku Antarctica. Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a nyama za ku Antarctica

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Zinyama za ku Antarctica zogwirizana ndi nyengo yake. Chifukwa chake, zamoyo zonse zadziko lino zimangopezeka m'malo omwe muli zomera.

Malinga ndi zomwe amalandira kuchokera kwa asayansi, onse nyama za ku Antarctica, imagawidwa m'madzi ndi kumtunda. Nthawi yomweyo, kulibe nthumwi za padziko lonse lapansi pano. Mndandanda wa nyama za ku Antarctica (otchuka kwambiri) akuperekedwa pansipa.

Zinyama Zaku Antarctica

Chisindikizo cha Weddell

Zinyama zamtunduwu zimadziwika ndi dzina la wamkulu waulendo wamaofesi m'modzi mwa nyanja za Antarctica (amatchedwanso ulemu wa wasayansi) - James Weddell.

Nyama yamtunduwu imakhala kumadera onse a m'mphepete mwa nyanja ku Antarctica. Malinga ndi kuyerekezera, pakadali pano, chiwerengero chawo ndi 800 zikwi.

Wamkulu wamtunduwu amatha kutalika mpaka masentimita 350. Kusiyana kwawo ndikuti atha kukhala m'madzi kwa ola lathunthu. Zakudya zawo zimaphatikizira nsomba ndi ma cephalopods, omwe amawagwira popanda vuto lililonse pamtunda wa mamita 800.

M'nyengo yophukira pachaka, amakakumba mabowo mu ayezi watsopano kuti azitha kupuma. Zochita zoterezi zimapangitsa kuti mwa oimira achikulire amtunduwu, mano, monga lamulo, aswedwa.

Kujambula ndi chisindikizo cha Weddell

Zisindikizo za Crabeater

Chisindikizo cha crabeater chimadziwika kuti ndi chokhacho m'banja la zisindikizo Zoona. Ndi mitundu yodziwika bwino kwambiri yazisindikizo osati pakati pa omwe amakhala ku Antarctica, komanso pakati pa omwe akukhala padziko lapansi. Malinga ndi kuyerekezera kosiyanasiyana kwa asayansi, kuchuluka kwawo kumasiyana pakati pa 7 mpaka 40 miliyoni.

Dzinalo la nyama izi siligwirizana ndi zenizeni, popeza nkhanu siziphatikizidwa pazakudya zawo. Nyama zimenezi zimadya makamaka ku Antarctic krill.

Kukula kwa zisindikizo za crabeater, zomwe zakula msinkhu, zimatha kutalika kwa masentimita 220-260, ndipo kulemera kwake kumasiyana makilogalamu 200 mpaka 300.

Pali kutalika ndi kuchepa thupi. Pakamwa pake pamakhala patali komanso mopapatiza. Mtundu weniweni waubweya wawo ndi bulauni yakuda, koma ikatha imayamba kukhala yoyera poterera.

Zisindikizo za Crabeater zili ndi mano ofiira ofiira. Mawonekedwe awa amatanthauza kuti amakwanirana bwino ndikupanga sefa yomwe imawalola kusefa chakudya.

Mtundu wapadera wa zisindikizo zamtunduwu ndikuti pagombe, amapanga magulu akuluakulu. Habitat - Nyanja zoyandikana ndi Antarctic.

Amadzipangira okha malo odyera pa ayezi, pomwe amapita mwachangu mokwanira. Nthawi yokonda kusaka ndi usiku. Kutha kukhala pansi pamadzi kwa mphindi 11.

Nthawi yodyetsa ana, yamphongo nthawi zonse imakhala pafupi ndi yaikazi, kumamupezera chakudya ndikuyendetsa amuna ena. Nthawi yawo yamoyo ndi pafupifupi zaka 20.

Pachithunzichi pali chisindikizo cha crabeater

Nyalugwe wam'nyanja

Zisindikizo za Leopard ndi zina mwazomwe sizimadziwika komanso nyama zosangalatsa za ku Antarcticachifukwa, ngakhale amawoneka okongola, ndi chilombo.

Ili ndi thupi loyenda bwino lomwe limalola kuti lizitha kuyenda pansi pamadzi mwachangu kwambiri kuposa zisindikizo zina. Mawonekedwe a mutu amakhala osalala, omwe amafanana kwambiri ndi zokwawa za nyama. Miyendo yakutsogolo ndi yolitali, yomwe imakhudzanso kuthamanga kwa madzi.

Wamwamuna wamkulu wamtunduwu amatha kutalika mpaka mita zitatu, pomwe zazikazi ndizokulirapo ndipo zimatha kukula mpaka mita inayi. Ponena za kulemera kwake, mwa amuna amtunduwu ndi pafupifupi makilogalamu 270, ndipo mwa akazi pafupifupi makilogalamu 400.

Thupi lakumtunda ndilimvi lakuda ndipo m'munsi mwake muli loyera. Amakhala kumapeto kwenikweni kwa magawidwe a ayezi ku Antarctic.

Zisindikizo za Leopard zimadyetsa abale awo ena, omwe ndi zisindikizo za crabeater, zisindikizo za Weddell, zisindikizo zamakutu, ndi ma penguin.

Zisindikizo za Leopard zimakonda kugwira ndi kupha nyama yawo m'madzi, koma ngakhale nyama ikagwera pa ayezi, siyikhala ndi moyo, chifukwa adani awa adzaitsatira pamenepo.

Kuphatikiza apo, zakudya za nyama izi zimaphatikizaponso anthu ang'onoang'ono, mwachitsanzo, krill ya Antarctic. Chisindikizo chamtunduwu chimangokhala chokha, chifukwa chake aliyense amakhala yekha. Nthawi zina, magulu ang'onoang'ono amatha kukhala pakati pa achinyamata oimira mitunduyo.

Nthawi yokhayo yomwe akazi ndi amuna amtundu wa mitundu amalumikizana ndi nthawi yokhwima (nthawi yapakati pa mwezi watha wachisanu ndi nthawi yophukira). Wokondedwa yekha m'madzi. Zitakwatirana, zazikazi zimatha kubereka mwana m'modzi yekha. Utali wamtunduwu ndi pafupifupi zaka 26.

Mu chithunzi nyalugwe chisindikizo

Chisindikizo cha Ross

Chisindikizo chamtunduwu chimadziwika ndi dzina la ulemu wa ofufuza odziwika bwino ku England - James Ross. Mwa mitundu ina ya zisindikizo zomwe zimakhala ku Antarctica, imadziwika kuti ndi yaying'ono.

Wamkulu wamtunduwu amatha kutalika pafupifupi mita ziwiri, kwinaku akulemera mpaka 200 kilogalamu. Chisindikizo cha Ross chimakhala ndi mafuta ambiri osanjikiza komanso khosi lakuda, momwe amatha kukoka mutu wake. Mwanjira ina, mawonekedwe ake amafanana ndi mbiya yaying'ono.

Mtundu umasiyanasiyana ndipo umatha kuyambira bulauni mpaka pafupifupi wakuda. Mbali ndi mimba nthawi zonse zimakhala zowala - zoyera kapena zonona. Ross chisindikizo ndi cha mtunduwo nyama zakumpoto kwa Antarctica (khalani kumpoto kwa kontrakitala, komwe kuli malo ovuta kufufuzira), chifukwa chake sichinafufuzidwe. Nthawi yokhala ndi moyo pafupifupi zaka 20.

Kujambula ndi chisindikizo cha Ross

Njovu Yam'madzi

Chisindikizo chamtunduwu chimadziwika ndi dzina chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake ofanana, omwe ndi mphuno ngati mphuno ndi kukula kwakukulu kwa thupi. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti mphuno ngati thunthu imangopezeka mwa amuna akulu amtunduwu; achichepere ndi akazi amataya mphuno.

Nthawi zambiri, mphuno imafika pachimake pofika chaka chachisanu ndi chitatu chisindikizo cha njovu, ndipo imapachika pakamwa ndi mphuno. Nthawi yoswana, magazi ambiri amalowa m'mphuno, zomwe zimawonjezera kukula kwake. Panali zochitika kotero kuti munthawi yolimbana pakati pa amuna, adang'amba mphuno zawo.

Mwa mitundu iyi ya zisindikizo, kukula kwa amuna kumakhala kochulukirapo kuposa kukula kwa akazi. Mwachitsanzo, chachimuna chimatha kutalika mpaka 6.5 mita, koma chachikazi mpaka 3.5 mita. Komanso, kulemera kwa chisindikizo cha njovu kumatha kukhala pafupifupi matani 4.

Amakonda kukhala payekha, koma pachaka amasonkhana m'magulu kuti akwatirane. Chifukwa chakuti chiwerengero cha akazi chimaposa chiwerengero cha amuna, nkhondo zamagazi zimamenyedwera kuti azikhala ndi azimayi awo pakati pa omalizawa. Nyama izi zimadya nsomba ndi cephalopods. Amatha kumira m'madzi akuya mpaka mamita 1400.

Kujambula ndi chisindikizo cha njovu

Mbalame za Antarctica

Emperor penguin

Kufunsa funso nyama ziti zomwe zimakhala ku Antarctica, anthu ambiri amakumbukira nthawi yomweyo za anyani, osaganizira kuti ndi mbalame. Mmodzi mwa mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ya ma penguin ndi Emperor Penguin.

Sikuti ndi yayikulu yokha komanso mitundu yolemera kwambiri yamitundu yonse ya anyani omwe amakhala padziko lapansi. Kutalika kwake kumatha kufikira masentimita 122, ndipo kulemera kwake kumayambira 22 mpaka 45 kilogalamu. Akazi amtundu uwu ndi ocheperako kuposa amuna ndipo kutalika kwawo kumakhala masentimita 114.

Mwa mitundu ina ya ma penguin, amadziwikanso ndi kulimba mtima. Kumbuyo, ma penguin awa ali ndi nthenga zakuda, zoyera pachifuwa - uku ndikuteteza kwa adani. Pali nthenga zingapo za lalanje pansi pakhosi ndi pamasaya.

Pafupifupi ma 300 penguin awa amakhala mdera la Antarctica, koma amasamukira kumwera kukakwatirana ndikuikira mazira. Ma penguin amadya nsomba zosiyanasiyana, squid ndi krill.

Amakhala ndikusaka makamaka m'magulu. Ziweto zazing'ono zimadyedwa pomwepo, koma zazikulu zimakokedwa kumtunda kuti zikawaphe. Nthawi ya moyo pafupifupi zaka 25.

Emperor penguin

Chipale chofewa

Petrel wachisanu ndi mbalame yomwe idapezeka koyamba mu 1777 ndi Johann Reingold Forster. Kutalika kwa thupi la petrel wamtunduwu kumatha kufikira masentimita 40, mapiko ake mpaka 95 masentimita.

Mtunduwo ndi woyera, kokha kumapeto chakumaso kwa diso pali malo ang'onoang'ono amdima. Mlomo ndi wakuda. Zoyipa za mitundu ya mbalamezi zimakhala ndi imvi. Amakonda kwambiri maulendo apandege otsika, pamwamba pomwe pamadzi.

Ma petrel amakhala ochepa. Zakudyazo zimaphatikizapo ma crustaceans ang'ono, Antarctic krill, squid. Amatha kupanga chisa awiriawiri kapena m'magulu. Amakonda kukhala pachisa pamapiri a miyala. Nthawi yodyetsa, yamphongo imapereka chakudya ndi chitetezo.

Chipale chofewa

Tsoka ilo, zonse zidaperekedwa zithunzi za nyama za ku Antarctica sakutha kujambula kukongola kwawo kwathunthu, ndipo zikuyembekezeredwa kuti tsiku lina Antarctica idzatsegulira kwathunthu anthu.

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Onerani kanemayo: BBC Documentary 2017 Uncovering the Icy Secrets of Antarctica (November 2024).